iOS頁面間傳值的方式(NSUserDefault/Delegate/NSNotification/Block/單例)
實現了以下iOS頁面間傳值:1.委托delegate方式;2.通知notification方式;3.block方式;4.UserDefault或者文件方式;5.單例模式方式;6.通過設置屬性,實現頁面間傳值
在iOS開發中,我們經常會遇到頁面間跳轉傳值的問題,現歸納總結一下:
情況1:A頁面跳轉到B頁面
方法:
在B頁面的控制器中,編寫對應的屬性,在A頁面跳轉到B頁面的地方,給B的屬性賦值即可
//SecondViewController.h
@property(nonatomic) NSInteger flag;//當前系統標示(0:其他傳值方式;1:block傳值方式)
在A頁面的試圖控制器中
//RootViewController.m
- (IBAction)showSecondView:(id)sender { SecondViewController *second = [[SecondViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"SecondViewController" bundle:nil]; second.delegate = self; second.flag = 0; [self presentViewController:second animated:YES completion:nil]; }
情況2:A頁面跳轉到B頁面,B頁面再跳轉回A頁面
主流方案:
(1)通過委托delegate的方式實現

//SecondViewController.h
@interface SecondViewController : UIViewController @property (nonatomic, weak)id<secondViewDelegate> delegate; @property (nonatomic, copy) ablock block; @end
顯示
//RootViewController.m
-(void)showName:(NSString *)nameString{ self.nameLabel.text = nameString; }
(2)通過通知notification的方式實現

//SecondViewController.m - (IBAction)notificationMethod:(id)sender { if ([self notEmpty]) { [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:@"ChangeNameNotification" object:self userInfo:@{@"name":self.nameTextField.text}]; [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil]; }else{ [self showAlert]; } }
在A頁面的控制器中,注冊通知:
//RootViewController.m - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; // Do any additional setup after loading the view from its nib. [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(ChangeNameNotification:) name:@"ChangeNameNotification" object:nil]; }
當我們不使用時,要記得刪掉通知:
//RootViewController.m -(void)dealloc{ [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:self]; }
調用,顯示
//RootViewController.m -(void)ChangeNameNotification:(NSNotification*)notification{ NSDictionary *nameDictionary = [notification userInfo]; self.nameLabel.text = [nameDictionary objectForKey:@"name"]; }
(3)block方式實現
block介紹:http://blog.csdn.net/totogo2010/article/details/7839061
鏈接一篇描述block回調挺有意思的文章: http://blog.csdn.net/mobanchengshuang/article/details/11751671
分析:
在B試圖控制器中,定義一個block,參數為字符串
//SecondViewController.h typedef void (^ablock)(NSString *str);
//SecondViewController.h @property (nonatomic, copy) ablock block;
在B試圖控制器中,當輸入名字,點擊對應的確定按鈕后
- (IBAction)blockMethod:(id)sender { if ([self notEmpty]) { if (self.block) { self.block(self.nameTextField.text); [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil]; } }else{ [self showAlert]; } }
在A試圖顯示,回調block
- (IBAction)showSecondWithBlock:(id)sender { SecondViewController *second = [[SecondViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"SecondViewController" bundle:nil]; [self presentViewController:second animated:YES completion:nil]; second.block = ^(NSString *str){ self.nameLabel.text = str; }; }
(4)KVO方式實現
KVO實現原理介紹:http://blog.csdn.net/kesalin/article/details/8194240
在A視圖中,編寫以下代碼
//A視圖 //一個指向B視圖的成員變量 @property (nonatomic, strong) SecondViewController *second; //在A視圖跳轉到B視圖的地方添加如下代碼 self.second = [[SecondViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"SecondViewController" bundle:nil]; [self.second addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"userName" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:nil]; [self presentViewController:self.second animated:YES completion:nil]; -(void)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath ofObject:(id)object change:(NSDictionary *)change context:(void *)context { //此處監聽key對應值的變化情況 if ([keyPath isEqualToString:@"userName"]) { self.myLabel.text = self.second.userName; } } //清理觀察 - (void)dealloc { [self.second removeObserver:self forKeyPath:@"userName"]; }
在B視圖編寫以下代碼
//在B視圖 //.h文件 @property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *userName;//待監聽的成員變量 //可以在兩處修改userName的值。一個是設置textfield的UITextFieldDelegate。實現一下方法 -(void)textFieldDidEndEditing:(UITextField *)textField{ self.userName = self.myField.text; } //或者在B視圖,點擊確定按鈕,跳轉回A視圖的時候,修改userName的值也可以 - (IBAction)buttonPressed:(id)sender { self.userName = self.myField.text; [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil]; }
在查閱資料的過程中,我還看到了以下幾種方案:
(1)使用SharedApplication,定義一個變量來傳遞(感覺和單例的方式一樣)
(2)使用文件,或者NSUserdefault來傳遞
//通過文件或者UserDefault方式存值(感覺不太適合此類傳值,如果要用文件或者UserDefault方式存值的話,可以考慮此方式) - (IBAction)userDefaultMethod:(id)sender { if ([self notEmpty]) { [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:self.nameTextField.text forKey:@"myNameText"]; [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil]; }else{ [self showAlert]; } }
在A試圖控制器顯示
-(void)viewDidAppear:(BOOL)animated{ [super viewDidAppear:animated]; //如果想測試通過UserDefault方式傳值或者通過單例方式傳值,取消以下注釋即可 /* if ([[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:@"myNameText"] length] != 0) { self.nameLabel.text = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:@"myNameText"]; [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:@"" forKey:@"myNameText"]; } DataSource *dataSource = [DataSource sharedDataSource]; if ([dataSource.myName length] != 0) { self.nameLabel.text = dataSource.myName; dataSource.myName = @""; } */ }
(3)通過一個單例的class來傳遞
B試圖控制器
//通過單例方式傳值(感覺不太適合此類傳值,如果要用單例方式傳值的話,可以考慮此方式) - (IBAction)singletonMethod:(id)sender { if ([self notEmpty]) { DataSource *dataSource = [DataSource sharedDataSource]; dataSource.myName = self.nameTextField.text; [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil]; }else{ [self showAlert]; } }
A試圖控制器顯示
-(void)viewDidAppear:(BOOL)animated{ [super viewDidAppear:animated]; //如果想測試通過UserDefault方式傳值或者通過單例方式傳值,取消以下注釋即可 /* if ([[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:@"myNameText"] length] != 0) { self.nameLabel.text = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:@"myNameText"]; [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:@"" forKey:@"myNameText"]; } DataSource *dataSource = [DataSource sharedDataSource]; if ([dataSource.myName length] != 0) { self.nameLabel.text = dataSource.myName; dataSource.myName = @""; } */ } @end
這里面用到了單例模式,編寫了DataSource這個類,存放數據
// // DataSource.h // TestCallBack // // Created by csdc-iMac on 14-7-17. // Copyright (c) 2014年 JuneWang. All rights reserved. // #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> @interface DataSource : NSObject @property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *myName; +(DataSource*)sharedDataSource; @end
// // DataSource.m // TestCallBack // // Created by csdc-iMac on 14-7-17. // Copyright (c) 2014年 JuneWang. All rights reserved. // #import "DataSource.h" @implementation DataSource +(DataSource *)sharedDataSource{ static DataSource *dataSource = nil; static dispatch_once_t once; dispatch_once(&once, ^{ dataSource = [DataSource new]; }); return dataSource; } @end
程序運行截圖
A視圖:
B視圖
當輸入姓名,並點擊對應的確認按鈕后,會回到A視圖,並顯示在B視圖中輸入的姓名
PS:用全局變量的方式也可以實現頁面傳值的效果。
祝:玩得開心,有什么別的辦法或者不正確的地方,歡迎指正。
如果寫得不詳細,可以通過源碼分析。
參考:http://blog.csdn.net/cocoarannie/article/details/11857141
http://www.cnblogs.com/heri/archive/2013/03/18/2965815.html