微信公眾平台開發教程(四) 實例入門:機器人(附源碼)


微信公眾平台開發教程(四) 實例入門:機器人(附源碼)

 上一篇文章,寫了基本框架,可能很多人會覺得暈頭轉向,這里提供一個簡單的例子來予以說明,希望能幫你解開謎團。

一、功能介紹

通過微信公眾平台實現在線客服機器人功能。主要的功能包括:簡單對話、查詢天氣等服務。

這里只是提供比較簡單的功能,重在通過此實例來說明公眾平台的具體研發過程。只是一個簡單DEMO,如果需要的話可以在此基礎上進行擴展。

當然后續我們還會推出比較復雜的應用實例。 

二、具體實現

1、提供訪問接口

這里不再贅述,參照上一章,微信公眾賬號開發教程(二) 基礎框架搭建
http://www.cnblogs.com/yank/p/3392394.html

2、簽名認證和分發請求

這里不再贅述,參照上一章,微信公眾賬號開發教程(二) 基礎框架搭建
http://www.cnblogs.com/yank/p/3392394.html

3、處理請求,並響應

1)關注

當微信用戶關注公眾賬號時,可以給其適當的提示。可以是歡迎詞,可以是幫助提示。

直接上代碼:

    class EventHandler : IHandler
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 請求的xml
        /// </summary>
        private string RequestXml { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 構造函數
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="requestXml"></param>
        public EventHandler(string requestXml)
        {
            this.RequestXml = requestXml;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 處理請求
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public string HandleRequest()
        {
            string response = string.Empty;
            EventMessage em = EventMessage.LoadFromXml(RequestXml);
            if (em.Event.Equals("subscribe",StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
            {
                //回復歡迎消息
                TextMessage tm = new TextMessage();
                tm.ToUserName = em.FromUserName;
                tm.FromUserName = em.ToUserName;
                tm.CreateTime = Common.GetNowTime();
                tm.Content = "歡迎您關注***,我是大哥大,有事就問我,呵呵!\n\n";
                response = tm.GenerateContent();
            }

            return response;
        }
    }

 2)問候

簡單的交流問候,比如你好、幫助等等,跟我們使用微信聊天一樣,不過回應是由我們的程序響應。具體功能,可以根據自己的需要進行添加。
微信本來就是溝通的平台。這個案例,可以用於在線服務機器人,類似於淘寶的客服機器人,可是我們這個是微信版的。呵呵
其實,很簡單,獲取請求消息,根據關鍵字來匹配回應。當然這里可能要做的工作很多,如何支持智能匹配,如何支持模糊匹配等。

代碼如下:

    /// <summary>
    /// 文本信息處理類
    /// </summary>
    public class TextHandler : IHandler
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 請求的XML
        /// </summary>
        private string RequestXml { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 構造函數
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="requestXml">請求的xml</param>
        public TextHandler(string requestXml)
        {
            this.RequestXml = requestXml;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 處理請求
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public string HandleRequest()
        {
            string response = string.Empty;
            TextMessage tm = TextMessage.LoadFromXml(RequestXml);
            string content = tm.Content.Trim();
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(content))
            {
                response = "您什么都沒輸入,沒法幫您啊,%>_<%。";
            }
            else
            {
                if (content.StartsWith("tq", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
                {
                    string cityName = content.Substring(2).Trim();
                    response = WeatherHelper.GetWeather(cityName);
                }
                else
                {
                    response = HandleOther(content);
                }
            }
            tm.Content = response;
            //進行發送者、接收者轉換
            string temp = tm.ToUserName;
            tm.ToUserName = tm.FromUserName;
            tm.FromUserName = temp;
            response = tm.GenerateContent();
            return response;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 處理其他消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="tm"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private string HandleOther(string requestContent)
        {
            string response = string.Empty;
            if (requestContent.Contains("你好") || requestContent.Contains("您好"))
            {
                response = "您也好~";
            }
            else if (requestContent.Contains(""))
            {
                response = "我不傻!哼~ ";
            }
            else if (requestContent.Contains("") || requestContent.Contains(""))
            {
                response = "哼,你說臟話! ";
            }
            else if (requestContent.Contains("是誰"))
            {
                response = "我是大哥大,有什么能幫您的嗎?~";
            }
            else if (requestContent.Contains("再見"))
            {
                response = "再見!";
            }
            else if (requestContent.Contains("bye"))
            {
                response = "Bye!";
            }
            else if (requestContent.Contains("謝謝"))
            {
                response = "不客氣!嘿嘿";
            }
            else if (requestContent == "h" || requestContent == "H" || requestContent.Contains("幫助"))
            {
                response = @"查詢天氣,輸入tq 城市名稱\拼音\首字母";
            }
            else
            {
                response = "您說的,可惜,我沒明白啊,試試其他關鍵字吧。";
            }

            return response;
        }
    }

 

3)查詢天氣

這個功能需要請求實時查詢的,請求官方的天氣發布網站,然后解析其返回值,按照我們需要的格式,組織天氣信息,最后發送給微信客戶。
采用文本消息方式處理。
用戶請求,只需輸入:tq 城市名稱/拼音/首字母,即可獲取消息。

回復的消息:(以北京為例)

北京
2013年11月6日 星期三
今天:(17℃~4℃)晴北風4-5級轉3-4級4-5級轉3-4級
24小時穿衣指數:天氣冷,建議着棉服、羽絨服、皮夾克加羊毛衫等冬季服裝。年老體弱者宜着厚棉衣、冬大衣或厚羽絨服。
明天:(14℃~3℃)晴轉多雲微風小於3級
48小時穿衣指數:天氣冷,建議着棉服、羽絨服、皮夾克加羊毛衫等冬季服裝。年老體弱者宜着厚棉衣、冬大衣或厚羽絨服。

來看源碼吧:

    class WeatherHelper
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 城市集合字段
        /// </summary>
        private static Dictionary<string, City> mCities;
        /// <summary>
        /// 城市集合
        /// </summary>
        public static Dictionary<string, City> Cities
        {
            get
            {
                if (mCities == null)
                {
                    LoadCities();
                }

                return mCities;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 加載城市
        /// </summary>
        private static void LoadCities()
        {
            mCities = new Dictionary<string, City>();
            mCities.Clear();
            mCities.Add("101010100", new City() { Code = "101010100", Name = "北京", PinYin = "beijing", FristLetter = "bj" });
            mCities.Add("101020100", new City() { Code = "101020100", Name = "上海", PinYin = "shanghai", FristLetter = "sh" });
            mCities.Add("101200101", new City() { Code = "101200101", Name = "武漢", PinYin = "wuhai", FristLetter = "wh" });
            
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取城市的天氣
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="name">城市名稱、拼音或首字母</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string GetWeather(string name)
        {
            string result = string.Empty;
            string cityCode = string.Empty;
            //獲取城市編碼
            IEnumerable<string> codes = from item in Cities
                                        where item.Value != null
                                              && (item.Value.Name.Equals(name, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) 
                                                    || item.Value.PinYin.Equals(name, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) 
                                                    || item.Value.FristLetter.Equals(name, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
                                        select item.Value.Code;
            if (codes != null && codes.Count() > 0)
            {
                cityCode = codes.First<string>();
            }

            //http請求,獲取天氣
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(cityCode))
            {
                string url = "http://m.weather.com.cn/data/{0}.html";
                url = string.Format(url, cityCode);
                WebRequest request = HttpWebRequest.Create(url);
                //超時時間為:2秒
                request.Timeout = 2000;
                request.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials;
                WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();
                StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8);
                string weahterInfo = reader.ReadToEnd();
                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(weahterInfo))
                {
                    result = "暫時沒有取到天氣數據,請稍后再試";
                }
                else
                {
                    XmlDocument doc = JsonConvert.DeserializeXmlNode(weahterInfo);
                    if (doc != null)
                    {
                        XmlNode node = doc.DocumentElement;
                        if (node != null)
                        {
                            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
                            builder.Append(node["city"].InnerText).Append("\n");
                            builder.Append(node["date_y"].InnerText).Append(" ").Append(node["week"].InnerText).Append("\n");
                            builder.Append("今天:").Append("(").Append(node["temp1"].InnerText).Append(")").Append(node["weather1"].InnerText).Append(node["wind1"].InnerText).Append(node["fl1"].InnerText).Append("\n");
                            builder.Append("24小時穿衣指數:").Append(node["index_d"].InnerText).Append("\n");
                            builder.Append("明天:").Append("(").Append(node["temp2"].InnerText).Append(")").Append(node["weather2"].InnerText).Append(node["wind2"].InnerText).Append(node["fl2"].InnerText).Append("\n");
                            builder.Append("48小時穿衣指數:").Append(node["index48_d"].InnerText).Append("\n");
                            result = builder.ToString();
                        }
                    }
                    #region 天氣json數據格式
                    /*
                 
                {
   "weatherinfo": {
       "city": "北京", 
       "city_en": "beijing", 
       "date_y": "2013年11月4日", 
       "date": "", 
       "week": "星期一", 
       "fchh": "11", 
       "cityid": "101010100", 
       "temp1": "17℃~5℃", 
       "temp2": "16℃~5℃", 
       "temp3": "18℃~4℃", 
       "temp4": "17℃~5℃", 
       "temp5": "14℃~6℃", 
       "temp6": "14℃~2℃", 
       "tempF1": "62.6℉~41℉", 
       "tempF2": "60.8℉~41℉", 
       "tempF3": "64.4℉~39.2℉", 
       "tempF4": "62.6℉~41℉", 
       "tempF5": "57.2℉~42.8℉", 
       "tempF6": "57.2℉~35.6℉", 
       "weather1": "晴轉多雲", 
       "weather2": "多雲", 
       "weather3": "多雲轉晴", 
       "weather4": "晴轉多雲", 
       "weather5": "多雲轉陰", 
       "weather6": "陰轉晴", 
       "img1": "0", 
       "img2": "1", 
       "img3": "1", 
       "img4": "99", 
       "img5": "1", 
       "img6": "0", 
       "img7": "0", 
       "img8": "1", 
       "img9": "1", 
       "img10": "2", 
       "img11": "2", 
       "img12": "0", 
       "img_single": "0", 
       "img_title1": "晴", 
       "img_title2": "多雲", 
       "img_title3": "多雲", 
       "img_title4": "多雲", 
       "img_title5": "多雲", 
       "img_title6": "晴", 
       "img_title7": "晴", 
       "img_title8": "多雲", 
       "img_title9": "多雲", 
       "img_title10": "陰", 
       "img_title11": "陰", 
       "img_title12": "晴", 
       "img_title_single": "晴", 
       "wind1": "微風", 
       "wind2": "微風", 
       "wind3": "微風", 
       "wind4": "微風", 
       "wind5": "微風", 
       "wind6": "北風4-5級", 
       "fx1": "微風", 
       "fx2": "微風", 
       "fl1": "小於3級", 
       "fl2": "小於3級", 
       "fl3": "小於3級", 
       "fl4": "小於3級", 
       "fl5": "小於3級", 
       "fl6": "4-5級", 
       "index": "較冷", 
       "index_d": "建議着大衣、呢外套加毛衣、衛衣等服裝。體弱者宜着厚外套、厚毛衣。因晝夜溫差較大,注意增減衣服。", 
       "index48": "冷", 
       "index48_d": "天氣冷,建議着棉服、羽絨服、皮夾克加羊毛衫等冬季服裝。年老體弱者宜着厚棉衣、冬大衣或厚羽絨服。", 
       "index_uv": "中等", 
       "index48_uv": "弱", 
       "index_xc": "適宜", 
       "index_tr": "適宜", 
       "index_co": "舒適", 
       "st1": "17", 
       "st2": "5", 
       "st3": "17", 
       "st4": "5", 
       "st5": "18", 
       "st6": "6", 
       "index_cl": "適宜", 
       "index_ls": "適宜", 
       "index_ag": "極不易發"
   }
}
                */
                    #endregion

                }
            }
            else
            {
                result = "沒有獲取到該城市的天氣,請確定輸入了正確的城市名稱,如\'北京\'或者\'beijing\'或者\'bj\'";
            }

            //返回
            return result;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 內部類:城市
        /// </summary>
        internal class City
        {
            /// <summary>
            /// 編碼
            /// </summary>
            public string Code { get; set; }
            /// <summary>
            /// 名稱
            /// </summary>
            public string Name { get; set; }
            /// <summary>
            /// 拼音
            /// </summary>
            public string PinYin { get; set; }
            /// <summary>
            /// 拼音首字母
            /// </summary>
            public string FristLetter { get; set; }
        }
    }

 三、源碼

這里可是可執行的代碼哦。應大家的需求,這里提供全部的源代碼。

 http://files.cnblogs.com/yank/Yank.WeiXin.Robot.zip

下一篇計划:

微信公眾平台開發教程(五)自定義菜單


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