一、登錄MySQL查看用SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ‘character%’;下字符集，顯示如下：
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
character_set_database和character_set_server的默認字符集還是latin1。
二、最簡單的完美修改方法，修改mysql的my.cnf文件中的字符集鍵值（注意配置的字段細節）：
1、在[client]字段里加入default-character-set=utf8，如下：
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8
2、在[mysqld]字段里加入character-set-server=utf8，如下：
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8
3、在[mysql]字段里加入default-character-set=utf8，如下：
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
default-character-set=utf8
修改完成后，service mysql restart重啟mysql服務就生效。注意：[mysqld]字段與[mysql]字段是有區別的。這點在網上沒人反饋過。
使用SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ‘character%’;查看，發現數據庫編碼全已改成utf8。
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+