重新想象 Windows 8 Store Apps (24) - 文件系統: Application Data 中的文件操作, Package 中的文件操作, 可移動存儲中的文件操作


[源碼下載]


重新想象 Windows 8 Store Apps (24) - 文件系統: Application Data 中的文件操作, Package 中的文件操作, 可移動存儲中的文件操作



作者:webabcd


介紹
重新想象 Windows 8 Store Apps 之 文件系統

  • Application Data(應用程序數據存儲) 中的文件操作
  • Application Data(應用程序數據存儲) 中的“設置”操作
  • 通過 uri 引用 Application Data(應用程序數據存儲) 中的媒體(圖片、視頻或音頻)
  • 訪問 Package 中的文件
  • 訪問可移動存儲



示例
1、演示如何在 Application Data(應用程序數據存儲)中對文件進行操作
FileSystem/AppData/FileDemo.xaml.cs

/*
 * 演示如何在 Application Data(應用程序數據存儲)中對文件進行操作
 * 
 * ApplicationData - 操作應用程序數據存儲的類
 *     Current - 返回當前的 ApplicationData 對象
 *     LocalFolder - 返回 StorageFolder 對象。本地存儲,永久保存
 *         保存路徑:%USERPROFILE%\AppData\Local\Packages\{PackageId}\LocalState
 *     RoamingFolder - 返回 StorageFolder 對象。漫游存儲,同一微軟賬戶同一應用程序在不同設備間會自動同步
 *         保存路徑:%USERPROFILE%\AppData\Local\Packages\{PackageId}\RoamingState
 *     TemporaryFolder - 返回 StorageFolder 對象。臨時存儲,系統在需要的時候可以將其刪除
 *         保存路徑:%USERPROFILE%\AppData\Local\Packages\{PackageId}\TempState
 *     RoamingStorageQuota - 從漫游存儲同步到雲端的數據的最大大小,只讀
 *     ClearAsync() - 刪除 Application Data 中的數據
 *     ClearAsync(ApplicationDataLocality locality) - 刪除指定存儲區的數據據
 *         ApplicationDataLocality.Local, ApplicationDataLocality.Roaming, ApplicationDataLocality.Temporary
 *    
 *     DataChanged - 從服務端向 app 同步漫游數據時所觸發的事件
 *     SignalDataChanged() - 強行觸發 DataChanged 事件
 */

using System;
using Windows.Storage;
using Windows.UI.Core;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Navigation;

namespace XamlDemo.FileSystem.AppData
{
    public sealed partial class FileDemo : Page
    {
        StorageFolder _roamingFolder = ApplicationData.Current.RoamingFolder;

        public FileDemo()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }

        protected override void OnNavigatedTo(NavigationEventArgs e)
        {
            ApplicationData.Current.DataChanged += Current_DataChanged;
        }

        protected override void OnNavigatedFrom(NavigationEventArgs e)
        {
            ApplicationData.Current.DataChanged -= Current_DataChanged;
        }

        async void Current_DataChanged(ApplicationData sender, object args)
        {
            await Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () =>
            {
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                lblMsg.Text += "DataChanged 事件被觸發";
            });
        }

        private async void btnReadWrite_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            //
            StorageFile fileWrite = await _roamingFolder.CreateFileAsync(@"webabcdTest\readWriteDemo.txt", CreationCollisionOption.ReplaceExisting);
            await FileIO.WriteTextAsync(fileWrite, "I am webabcd: " + DateTime.Now.ToString());

            //// StorageFile fileRead = await _roamingFolder.GetFileAsync(@"webabcdTest\readWriteDemo.txt");
            // ms-appdata:///local/, ms-appdata:///roaming/, ms-appdata:///temp/
            StorageFile fileRead = await StorageFile.GetFileFromApplicationUriAsync(new Uri("ms-appdata:///roaming/webabcdTest/readWriteDemo.txt", UriKind.Absolute)); 
            string textContent = await FileIO.ReadTextAsync(fileRead);
            lblMsg.Text = textContent;

            // 強行觸發 DataChanged 事件(僅為演示用,實際項目中不需要)
            ApplicationData.Current.SignalDataChanged();
        }
    }
}


2、演示如何在 Application Data(應用程序數據存儲)中對“設置”進行操作
FileSystem/AppData/SettingsDemo.xaml

<Page
    x:Class="XamlDemo.FileSystem.AppData.SettingsDemo"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="using:XamlDemo.FileSystem.AppData"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    mc:Ignorable="d">

    <Grid Background="Transparent">
        <StackPanel Margin="120 0 0 0">

            <TextBlock Name="lblMsg" FontSize="14.667" />

            <Button Name="btnReadWrite" Content="讀寫 Settings" Click="btnReadWrite_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />

            <Button Name="btnReadWriteWithContainer" Content="分組 Settings" Click="btnReadWriteWithContainer_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />

            <Button Name="btnReadWriteWithComposite" Content="父子 Settings" Click="btnReadWriteWithComposite_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />

            <Button Name="btnSetVersion0" Content="將 Application Data 的版本號設置為 0" Click="btnSetVersion0_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />

            <Button Name="btnSetVersion1" Content="將 Application Data 的版本號設置為 1" Click="btnSetVersion1_Click_1" Margin="0 10 0 0" />

        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>
</Page>

FileSystem/AppData/SettingsDemo.xaml.cs

/*
 * 演示如何在 Application Data(應用程序數據存儲)中對“設置”進行操作
 * 
 * ApplicationData - 操作應用程序數據存儲的類
 *     Current - 返回當前的 ApplicationData 對象
 *     LocalSettings - 返回 ApplicationDataContainer 對象。本地存儲,永久保存
 *         保存路徑:%USERPROFILE%\AppData\Local\Packages\{PackageId}\Settings
 *     RoamingSettings - 返回 ApplicationDataContainer 對象。漫游存儲,同一微軟賬戶同一應用程序在不同設備間會自動同步
 *         保存路徑:%USERPROFILE%\AppData\Local\Packages\{PackageId}\Settings
 *     Version - 獲取當前 Application Data 的版本號,默認值為 0,只讀(用於本地“設置”數據的版本控制)
 *     SetVersionAsync() - 指定當前 Application Data 的版本號(用於本地“設置”數據的版本控制)
 * 
 * ApplicationDataContainer - 操作“設置”數據的類
 *     Name - 容器的名稱,默認為空
 *     CreateContainer(string name, ApplicationDataCreateDisposition disposition) - 激活一個用於保存“設置”數據的容器,即分組“設置”數據
 *         name - 容器的名稱
 *         disposition - 容器的激活方式:Always - 始終激活;Existing - 容器存在才激活
 *     Containers - 容器集合
 *     DeleteContainer() - 刪除指定的容器
 *     Values - 保存“設置”數據,一個字典表
 *         其數據可以是一個 ApplicationDataCompositeValue 類型的數據,ApplicationDataCompositeValue 也是一個字典表,這樣可將多個“設置”數據放到一個 key 里
 *       
 * 
 * 備注:
 * 當 key 為 HighPriority 時,系統會以最快的速度在多個設備間同步 HighPriority 所對應的數據(支持 ApplicationDataCompositeValue 數據)
 * 示例如下:
 * ApplicationDataContainer.Values["HighPriority"] = "此處的值將會以系統最快的速度在多個設備間同步";
 */

using System;
using Windows.Storage;
using Windows.UI.Core;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;

namespace XamlDemo.FileSystem.AppData
{
    public sealed partial class SettingsDemo : Page
    {
        public SettingsDemo()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }

        // 操作“設置”數據的 demo
        private void btnReadWrite_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            ApplicationDataContainer localSettings = ApplicationData.Current.LocalSettings;

            // 保存“設置”數據
            localSettings.Values["key"] = "I am webabcd";

            // 如果 key 為 HighPriority,則系統將會以最高優先級的速度在多個設備間同步 HighPriority 的值
            // localSettings.Values["HighPriority"] = "I am webabcd";

            // 刪除指定的“設置”數據
            // localSettings.Values.Remove("key");

            // 獲取“設置”數據
            lblMsg.Text = (string)localSettings.Values["key"];
        }

        // 分組“設置”數據,即在不同的容器中保存不同的數據
        private void btnReadWriteWithContainer_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // 在 LocalSettings 中激活名為 groupName 的容器
            ApplicationDataContainer container = ApplicationData.Current.LocalSettings;
            ApplicationDataContainer localSettings = container.CreateContainer("groupName", ApplicationDataCreateDisposition.Always);

            // 刪除指定的容器
            // container.DeleteContainer("groupName");

            // 在容器內保存“設置”數據
            if (container.Containers.ContainsKey("groupName"))
            {
                container.Containers["groupName"].Values["key"] = "I am webabcd";
            }

            // 從指定的容器內獲取“設置”數據
            lblMsg.Text = (string)container.Containers["groupName"].Values["key"];
            lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
            // 從指定的容器內獲取“設置”數據
            lblMsg.Text += (string)localSettings.Values["key"];
        }

        // 父子“設置”數據,即 key 中的數據是一個 ApplicationDataCompositeValue 對象,而 ApplicationDataCompositeValue 也是一個字典表
        private void btnReadWriteWithComposite_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            ApplicationDataContainer localSettings = ApplicationData.Current.LocalSettings;

            // 父子“設置”數據的保存
            ApplicationDataCompositeValue parent1 = new ApplicationDataCompositeValue();
            parent1["child1"] = "abc";
            parent1["child2"] = "xyz";
            localSettings.Values["parent1"] = parent1;

            // 父子“設置”數據的獲取
            lblMsg.Text = (string)((ApplicationDataCompositeValue)localSettings.Values["parent1"])["child1"];
            lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
            lblMsg.Text += (string)((ApplicationDataCompositeValue)localSettings.Values["parent1"])["child2"];
        }


        private async void btnSetVersion0_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // 將 Application Data 的版本號設置為 0,並執行指定的方法
            await ApplicationData.Current.SetVersionAsync(0, new ApplicationDataSetVersionHandler(SetVersionHandler));
        }

        private async void btnSetVersion1_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // 將 Application Data 的版本號設置為 1,並執行指定的方法
            await ApplicationData.Current.SetVersionAsync(1, new ApplicationDataSetVersionHandler(SetVersionHandler));
        }

        // 根據當前版本號和將要設置成的版本號,將“設置”數據升級到最新版本
        async void SetVersionHandler(SetVersionRequest request)
        {
            // 異步操作
            SetVersionDeferral deferral = request.GetDeferral();

            await Dispatcher.RunAsync(CoreDispatcherPriority.Normal, () =>
            {
                lblMsg.Text = "CurrentVersion: " + request.CurrentVersion; // 當前版本號
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                lblMsg.Text += "DesiredVersion: " + request.DesiredVersion; // 將要設置成的版本號
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                lblMsg.Text += "ApplicationData.Current.Version: " + ApplicationData.Current.Version; // 當前版本號
            });

            // 完成異步操作
            deferral.Complete();
        }
    }
}


3、演示如何通過 uri 的方式引用 Application Data(應用程序數據存儲)中的媒體(圖片、視頻或音頻)文件
FileSystem/AppData/MediaReference.xaml.cs

/*
 * 演示如何通過 uri 的方式引用 Application Data(應用程序數據存儲)中的媒體(圖片、視頻或音頻)文件
 * 
 * ApplicationData - 操作應用程序數據存儲的類
 *     LocalFolder 對應 ms-appdata:///local/
 *     RoamingFolder 對應 ms-appdata:///roaming/
 *     TemporaryFolder 對應 ms-appdata:///temp/
 */

using System;
using Windows.Storage;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Navigation;

namespace XamlDemo.FileSystem.AppData
{
    public sealed partial class MediaReference : Page
    {
        public MediaReference()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }

        protected async override void OnNavigatedTo(NavigationEventArgs e)
        {
            ApplicationData appData = ApplicationData.Current;

            try
            {
                // 將程序包內的文件保存到 ApplicationData 中的 TemporaryFolder
                StorageFile imgFile = await StorageFile.GetFileFromApplicationUriAsync(new Uri("ms-appx:///Assets/Logo.png"));
                await imgFile.CopyAsync(appData.TemporaryFolder, imgFile.Name, NameCollisionOption.ReplaceExisting);
            }
            catch { }

            // 引用 Application Data 內的圖片文件並顯示
            imgAppdata.Source = new Windows.UI.Xaml.Media.Imaging.BitmapImage(new Uri("ms-appdata:///temp/Logo.png"));
            // 引用程序包內的圖片文件並顯示
            imgAppx.Source = new Windows.UI.Xaml.Media.Imaging.BitmapImage(new Uri("ms-appx:///Assets/Logo.png")); 

            // 也可以在 xaml 這樣寫
            // <img src="ms-appdata:///temp/Logo.png" />
        }
    }
}


4、演示如何訪問 Package 中的文件
FileSystem/PackageData/Demo.xaml.cs

/*
 * 演示如何訪問 Package 中的文件
 */

using System;
using Windows.Storage;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;

namespace XamlDemo.FileSystem.PackageData
{
    public sealed partial class Demo : Page
    {
        public Demo()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }

        private async void btnReadWrite_Click_1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // 寫(無法向程序包中寫數據,會報錯)
            // StorageFile fileWrite = await Package.Current.InstalledLocation.CreateFileAsync(@"FileSystem\PackageData\readWriteDemo.txt", CreationCollisionOption.ReplaceExisting);
            // await FileIO.WriteTextAsync(fileWrite, "I am webabcd: " + DateTime.Now.ToString());

            //// StorageFile fileRead = await Package.Current.InstalledLocation.GetFileAsync(@"FileSystem\PackageData\readWriteDemo.txt");
            StorageFile fileRead = await Windows.Storage.StorageFile.GetFileFromApplicationUriAsync(new Uri("ms-appx:///FileSystem/PackageData/readWriteDemo.txt", UriKind.Absolute));
            string textContent = await FileIO.ReadTextAsync(fileRead);
            lblMsg.Text = textContent;


            // 引用程序包內的圖片文件並顯示
            img.Source = new Windows.UI.Xaml.Media.Imaging.BitmapImage(new Uri("ms-appx:///Assets/Logo.png")); 
        }
    }
}


5、演示如何訪問可移動存儲
FileSystem/RemovableDevice/Demo.xaml

<Page
    x:Class="XamlDemo.FileSystem.RemovableDevice.Demo"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="using:XamlDemo.FileSystem.RemovableDevice"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    mc:Ignorable="d">

    <Grid Background="Transparent">
        <StackPanel Margin="120 0 0 0">
            
            <TextBlock Name="lblMsg" FontSize="14.667" TextWrapping="Wrap" />

            <Button Name="btnGetRemovableDevices" Content="獲取全部可移動存儲" Margin="0 10 0 0" Click="btnGetRemovableDevices_Click" />
            
            <Button Name="btnWrite" Content="write" Margin="0 10 0 0" Click="btnWrite_Click" />
            
            <Button Name="btnRead" Content="read" Margin="0 10 0 0" Click="btnRead_Click" />

            <Image Name="img" Stretch="None" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="0 10 0 0" />
            
        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>
</Page>

FileSystem/RemovableDevice/Demo.xaml.cs

/*
 * 演示如何訪問可移動存儲
 */

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Windows.Devices.Enumeration;
using Windows.Devices.Portable;
using Windows.Storage;
using Windows.Storage.Streams;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Media.Imaging;

namespace XamlDemo.FileSystem.RemovableDevice
{
    public sealed partial class Demo : Page
    {
        public Demo()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }

        private async void btnGetRemovableDevices_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            lblMsg.Text += "可用的移動存儲如下:";
            lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;

            // 要在 Package.appxmanifest 中增加 <Capability Name="removableStorage" />
            StorageFolder removableDevices = KnownFolders.RemovableDevices; // 可移動存儲設備
            IReadOnlyList<StorageFolder> removableStorages = await removableDevices.GetFoldersAsync(); // 每個可移動存儲設備的根目錄

            if (removableStorages.Count > 0)
            {
                foreach (StorageFolder storageFolder in removableStorages)
                {
                    // 顯示每個可移動存儲設備的名稱
                    lblMsg.Text += storageFolder.DisplayName;
                    lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;

                    // 顯示該可移動存儲設備根目錄下的文件數量(本 app 有權訪問的文件類型的文件數量)
                    // 注:如果需要讀寫某擴展名的文件,需要在 Package.appxmanifest 增加“文件類型關聯”聲明,並做相應的配置
                    IReadOnlyList<StorageFile> storageFiles = await storageFolder.GetFilesAsync();
                    lblMsg.Text += "files count: " + storageFiles.Count;
                    lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                lblMsg.Text += "未找到可用的移動存儲";
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
            }
        }

        private async void btnWrite_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // 關於 DeviceInformation 請參見:Information/DeviceInfo.xaml
            DeviceInformationCollection interfaces = await DeviceInformation.FindAllAsync(StorageDevice.GetDeviceSelector());

            if (interfaces.Count > 0)
            {
                try
                {
                    // 找到第一個可移動存儲設備(也可以通過 KnownFolders.RemovableDevices 來獲取)
                    DeviceInformation deviceInformation = interfaces[0];
                    // 獲取第一個可移動存儲設備的根目錄
                    StorageFolder storageFolder = StorageDevice.FromId(deviceInformation.Id);

                    // 注:如果需要讀寫某擴展名的文件,需要在 Package.appxmanifest 增加“文件類型關聯”聲明,並做相應的配置
                    StorageFile imgFile = await StorageFile.GetFileFromApplicationUriAsync(new Uri("ms-appx:///Assets/Logo.png"));

                    // 將文件復制到第一個可移動存儲設備的根目錄
                    await imgFile.CopyAsync(storageFolder, "Logo.png", NameCollisionOption.ReplaceExisting);

                    lblMsg.Text += "已將文件 Logo.png 復制到了 " + storageFolder.Name;
                    lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    lblMsg.Text += ex.ToString();
                    lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                lblMsg.Text += "未找到可用的移動存儲";
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
            }
        }

        private async void btnRead_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // 關於 DeviceInformation 請參見:Information/DeviceInfo.xaml
            DeviceInformationCollection interfaces = await DeviceInformation.FindAllAsync(StorageDevice.GetDeviceSelector());

            if (interfaces.Count > 0)
            {
                try
                {
                    // 找到第一個可移動存儲設備(也可以通過 KnownFolders.RemovableDevices 來獲取)
                    DeviceInformation deviceInformation = interfaces[0];
                    // 獲取第一個可移動存儲設備的根目錄
                    StorageFolder storageFolder = StorageDevice.FromId(deviceInformation.Id);

                    // 在第一個可移動存儲設備的根目錄中獲取指定的文件
                    StorageFile storageFile = await storageFolder.GetFileAsync("Logo.png");

                    // 顯示圖片
                    IRandomAccessStream imageStream = await storageFile.OpenReadAsync();
                    BitmapImage bitmapImage = new BitmapImage();
                    bitmapImage.SetSource(imageStream);
                    img.Source = bitmapImage;

                    lblMsg.Text += "已從 " + storageFolder.Name + " 獲取到了 Logo.png 文件";
                    lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    lblMsg.Text += "沒有找到 Logo.png 文件。" + ex.ToString();
                    lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                lblMsg.Text += "未找到可用的移動存儲";
                lblMsg.Text += Environment.NewLine;
            }
        }
    }
}



OK
[源碼下載]


免責聲明!

本站轉載的文章為個人學習借鑒使用,本站對版權不負任何法律責任。如果侵犯了您的隱私權益,請聯系本站郵箱yoyou2525@163.com刪除。



 
粵ICP備18138465號   © 2018-2025 CODEPRJ.COM