[轉]android界面的美化shape的使用

本文轉自：http://blog.csdn.net/qq282133/article/details/7370467

 

Shape Drawable

這一類的shape定義在xml中

file location:

res/drawable/filename.xml
The filename is used as the resource ID.（這個文件名作為資源id）

compiled resource datatype:（復雜資源的數據類型）

Resource pointer to a  GradientDrawable.

resource reference（資源參考）:

In Java:  R.drawable.filename
In XML:  @[package:]drawable/filename

syntax:（語法）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:shape=["rectangle" | "oval" | "line" | "ring"] >
    <corners
        android:radius="integer"
        android:topLeftRadius="integer"
        android:topRightRadius="integer"
        android:bottomLeftRadius="integer"
        android:bottomRightRadius="integer" />
    <gradient
        android:angle="integer"
        android:centerX="integer"
        android:centerY="integer"
        android:centerColor="integer"
        android:endColor="color"
        android:gradientRadius="integer"
        android:startColor="color"
        android:type=["linear" | "radial" | "sweep"]
        android:useLevel=["true" | "false"] />
    <padding
        android:left="integer"
        android:top="integer"
        android:right="integer"
        android:bottom="integer" />
    <size
        android:width="integer"
        android:height="integer" />
    <solid
        android:color="color" />
    <stroke
        android:width="integer"
        android:color="color"
        android:dashWidth="integer"
        android:dashGap="integer" />
</shape>

元素:

<shape>

The shape drawable. This must be the root element.

attributes:

xmlns:android

String.  Required. Defines the XML namespace, which must be  "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android".

android:shape

Keyword. Defines the type of shape. Valid values are:（定義這個類型的形狀，變量值是：）

Value	Desciption
"rectangle"	A rectangle （長方形）that fills the containing View. This is the default shape.（這個是默認的形狀）
"oval"	An oval （橢圓形）shape that fits the dimensions of the containing View.
"line"	A horizontalline that spans the width of the containing View. This shape requires the <stroke> element to define the width of the line.
"ring"	A ring shape.

The following attributes are used only when android:shape="ring":

android:innerRadius

Dimension. The radius for the inner part of the ring (the hole in the middle), as a dimension value or  dimension resource.

android:innerRadiusRatio

Float. The radius for the inner part of the ring, expressed as a ratio of the ring's width. For instance, if  android:innerRadiusRatio="5", then the inner radius equals the ring's width divided by 5. This value is overridden by  android:innerRadius. Default value is 9.

android:thickness

Dimension. The thickness of the ring, as a dimension value or  dimension resource.

android:thicknessRatio

Float. The thickness of the ring, expressed as a ratio of the ring's width. For instance, if  android:thicknessRatio="2", then the thickness equals the ring's width divided by 2. This value is overridden by  android:innerRadius. Default value is 3.

android:useLevel

Boolean. "true" if this is used as a  LevelListDrawable. This should normally be "false" or your shape may not appear.

<corners>

Creates rounded corners for the shape. Applies only when the shape is a rectangle.創建圓角的形狀。僅適用於當其形狀是一個長方形。

attributes:

android:radius

Dimension. The radius for all corners, as a dimension value or  dimension resource. This is overridden for each corner by the following attributes.

android:topLeftRadius

Dimension. The radius for the top-left corner, as a dimension value or  dimension resource.

android:topRightRadius

Dimension. The radius for the top-right corner, as a dimension value or  dimension resource.

android:bottomLeftRadius

Dimension. The radius for the bottom-left corner, as a dimension value or  dimension resource.

android:bottomRightRadius

Dimension. The radius for the bottom-right corner, as a dimension value or  dimension resource.

Note: Every corner must (initially) be provided a corner radius greater than 1, or else no corners are rounded. If you want specific corners to notbe rounded, a work-around is to use android:radius to set a default corner radius greater than 1, but then override each and every corner with the values you really want, providing zero ("0dp") where you don't want rounded corners.

<gradient>

Specifies a gradient color for the shape.指定一個漸變顏色的形狀。

attributes:

android:angle

Integer. The angle for the gradient, in degrees. 0 is left to right, 90 is bottom to top. It must be a multiple of 45. Default is 0.

android:centerX

Float. The relative X-position for the center of the gradient (0 - 1.0).

android:centerY

Float. The relative Y-position for the center of the gradient (0 - 1.0).

android:centerColor

Color. Optional color that comes between the start and end colors, as a hexadecimal value or  color resource.

android:endColor

Color. The ending color, as a hexadecimal value or  color resource.

android:gradientRadius

Float. The radius for the gradient. Only applied when  android:type="radial".

android:startColor

Color. The starting color, as a hexadecimal value or  color resource.

android:type

Keyword. The type of gradient pattern to apply. Valid values are:

Value	Description
"linear"	A linear gradient. This is the default.
"radial"	A radial gradient. The start color is the center color.
"sweep"	A sweeping line gradient.

android:useLevel

Boolean. "true" if this is used as a  LevelListDrawable.

<padding>

Padding to apply to the containing View element (this pads the position of the View content, not the shape).適用於包含填充視圖元素(這墊的位置,而不是觀點內容的形狀)

attributes:

android:left

Dimension. Left padding, as a dimension value or  dimension resource.

android:top

Dimension. Top padding, as a dimension value or  dimension resource.

android:right

Dimension. Right padding, as a dimension value or  dimension resource.

android:bottom

Dimension. Bottom padding, as a dimension value or  dimension resource.

<size>

The size of the shape.

attributes:

android:height

Dimension. The height of the shape, as a dimension value or  dimension resource.

android:width

Dimension. The width of the shape, as a dimension value or  dimension resource.

Note: The shape scales to the size of the container View proportionate to the dimensions defined here, by default. When you use the shape in an ImageView, you can restrict scaling by setting the android:scaleType to "center".

<solid>

A solid color to fill the shape.

attributes:

android:color

Color. The color to apply to the shape, as a hexadecimal value or  color resource.

<stroke>

A stroke line for the shape.

attributes:

android:width

Dimension. The thickness of the line, as a dimension value or  dimension resource.

android:color

Color. The color of the line, as a hexadecimal value or  color resource.

android:dashGap

Dimension. The distance between line dashes, as a dimension value or  dimension resource. Only valid if  android:dashWidth is set.

android:dashWidth

Dimension. The size of each dash line, as a dimension value or  dimension resource. Only valid if  android:dashGap is set.

example:

XML file saved at  res/drawable/gradient_box.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:shape="rectangle">
    <gradient
        android:startColor="#FFFF0000"
        android:endColor="#80FF00FF"
        android:angle="45"/>
    <padding android:left="7dp"
        android:top="7dp"
        android:right="7dp"
        android:bottom="7dp" />
    <corners android:radius="8dp" />
</shape>

This layout XML applies the shape drawable to a View:

<TextView
    android:background="@drawable/gradient_box"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content" />

This application code gets the shape drawable and applies it to a View:

Resources res = getResources();
Drawable shape = res. getDrawable(R.drawable.gradient_box);

TextView tv = (TextView)findViewByID(R.id.textview);
tv.setBackground(shape);

 

gradient   -- 對應顏色漸變。 startcolor、endcolor就不多說了。 android:angle 是指從哪個角度開始變。

gradient：漸變
android:startColor和android:endColor分別為起始和結束顏色，android:angle是漸變角度，必須為45的整數倍。
另外漸變默認的模式為android:type="linear"，即線性漸變，可以指定漸變為徑向漸變，android:type="radial"，徑向漸變需要指定半徑android:gradientRadius="50"。

solid      --  填充。

solid：實心，就是填充的意思
android:color指定填充的顏色

stroke   --  描邊。

stroke：描邊
android:width="2dp" 描邊的寬度，android:color 描邊的顏色。
我們還可以把描邊弄成虛線的形式，設置方式為：
android:dashWidth="5dp" 
android:dashGap="3dp"
其中android:dashWidth表示'-'這樣一個橫線的寬度，android:dashGap表示之間隔開的距離。

corners  --  圓角。

corners：圓角
android:radius為角的弧度，值越大角越圓。
我們還可以把四個角設定成不同的角度，方法為：
<corners 
        android:topRightRadius="20dp"    右上角
        android:bottomLeftRadius="20dp"    右下角
        android:topLeftRadius="1dp"    左上角
        android:bottomRightRadius="0dp"    左下角
 />
這里有個地方需要注意，bottomLeftRadius是右下角，而不是左下角，這個不要記錯了。

padding   -- 定義內容離邊界的距離。 與android:padding_left、android:padding_right這些是一個道理。

http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaoQLu/archive/2011/09/14/2176359.html

android:angle網上有各種說法，這里，我說說自己的實驗結果，漸變的時候，最原始的，即android:angle＝“0”時，是從左到右，按照開始顏色到結束顏色來渲染的，android:angle＝“90”是從上到下來渲染的，android:angle＝“180”是從右到左來渲染的，android:angle＝“360”和android:angle＝“0”是一樣的，所以這里應該是這樣的，渲染時按照最原始的渲染色板（把控件內部看作一塊可以繞中心旋轉的板子）圍繞控件中心來旋轉相應的度數，即android:angle里面的值就是所需要旋轉的角度，只是這個旋轉角度必須是45的整數倍