js模擬3D場景效果

本文轉載自查看原文 2011-12-31 00:15 7132 javascript

　　這幾個demo上星期平安夜做的，感覺效果不錯，就放在出來，分享給大家。

　　要在二維空間模擬出三維的效果，就需要把三維的坐標轉換成二維坐標。一個最基本依據是：東西越遠，看到大小就越小，坐標越往消失點靠攏。

　　透視公式：

　　 scale = fl / (fl + z);

　　 scale是大小的比例值，0.0到1.0之間，fl是觀察點到成像面的距離，通常這個值是固定，z就是物件的三維空間中的z軸。

　　在寫這些代碼之前，我喜歡用面向對象來描述我寫的這些東西，比如我需要一個場景，場景是個空間，空間內是可以容納各種物件的，物件是個對象，物件是是x,y,z三個維度的，場景可以插入任意多的物件，物件就會以它的坐標值，顯示在場景的特定位置，由場景來負責物件的顯示位置。

　　一些demo，請使用鼠標移動及滾輪來控制。

效果1

效果2

<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
<title>偽3d透視效果</title>
<style>
html,body{ padding:0px; margin:0px; height:100%; width:100%;overflow:hidden;}
#box{ background:#ccc; height:100%; border:1px solid #ccc;position:relative; overflow:hidden;}
#debug{ width:200px; background:#fff; border:1px solid #ccc; position:absolute; left:10px; top:0px;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="box">
</div>
<div id="debug"></div>
<script>
void function(window){
var document = window.document;
var debug = document.getElementById('debug');
function ObjtoStr(obj){
var arr = [];
for(var i in obj){
if(isNaN(obj[i])) continue;
arr.push(i + ':' + obj[i]);
}
return arr.join('; ');
}
function getElementOffset(element){
var left = 0, top = 0;
do{
left += element.offsetLeft;
top += element.offsetTop;
}while(element = element.offsetParent);
return {
left:left,
top:top
};
}
function getMouseOffset(event){
return {
x:(event.pageX || event.clientX + document.body.scrollLeft - document.body.clientLeft),
y:(event.pageY || event.clientY + document.body.scrollTop - document.body.clientTop)
};
}
function addEventListener(element,type,fun){
if(element.addEventListener){
element.addEventListener(type,function(event){
fun(event);
},false);
}else{
element.attachEvent('on'+type,function(){
fun(window.event);
});
}
}
function extend(subClass,supClass){
var fun = function(){},
prototype = subClass.prototype;
fun.prototype = supClass.prototype;
subClass.prototype = new fun();
for(var i in prototype){
subClass.prototype[i] = prototype[i];
}
subClass.$supClass = supClass;
subClass.prototype.$supClass = function(){
var supClass = arguments.callee.caller.$supClass;
if(typeof supClass == 'function'){
supClass.apply(this,arguments);
this.$supClass = supClass;
}
};
subClass.prototype.constructor = subClass;
return subClass;
}
/**
* WH類，高寬
*/
function WH(w,h){
this.w = w;
this.h = h;
}
WH.prototype = {
clone:function(){
return new WH(this.w,this.h);
}
};
/**
* xyz坐標類
*
*/
function XYZ(x,y,z){
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
this.z = z;
}
XYZ.prototype = {
clone:function(){
return new XYZ(this.x,this.y,this.z);
}
};
/**
* 場景類
*/
function Scene(options){
//屬性
//dom
this.element = null;
//場景距離
this.fl = 500;
this.wh = null;
//基准z軸
this.baseZ = 0;
//中心消失點坐標
this.cX = 0;
this.cY = 0;
//中心消失點便宜
this.cXl = 0;
this.cYl = 0;
//偏移系數
this.ce = 5;
this.ThingList = [];
this.setOption(options);
this.init();
}
Scene.prototype = {
setOption:function(options){
for(var i in options){
switch(i){
case 'element':
this[i] = typeof options[i] == 'string' ? document.getElementById(options[i]) : options[i];
break;
}
}
},
init:function(){
if(!this.element) throw new Error(90,'not box');
this.wh = new WH(this.element.clientWidth,this.element.clientHeight);
this.bindEvent();
},
addThing:function(/* Thing */ thing){
this.ThingList.push(thing);
this.calcPosition(thing);
this.element.appendChild(thing.getElement(this));
},
//計算位置及大小
calcPosition:function(/*Thing*/ thing){
this.cX = this.element.clientWidth/2;
this.cY = this.element.clientHeight/2;
scale = this.fl/(this.fl + thing.xyz.z+this.baseZ);
if(scale <= 0){
thing.element.style.display = 'none';
return ;
}else{
thing.element.style.display = '';
}
thing.element.style.width = thing.wh.w * scale + 'px';
thing.element.style.height = thing.wh.h * scale + 'px';
thing.element.style.top = (this.cY + ((thing.xyz.y+this.cYl-this.cY) * scale)) + 'px';
thing.element.style.left = (this.cX + ((thing.xyz.x+this.cXl-this.cX) * scale)) + 'px';
thing.element.style.zIndex = Math.round(scale*1000);
if(thing.isOpacity){
thing.element.style.opacity = Math.min(scale*4.5,1);
thing.element.style.filter = 'alpha(opacity='+(Math.min(scale*4.5,1) * 100)+')';
}
},
bindEvent:function(){
var self = this;
addEventListener(this.element,'mousemove',function(event){
self.onMouseMove(event);
});
var mousewheel = navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Firefox') > 0 ? 'DOMMouseScroll' : 'mousewheel';
addEventListener(this.element,mousewheel,function(event){
self.onMouseWheel(event);
});
},
//在場景內移動事件
onMouseMove:function(event){
//場景的頁面坐標
var po = getElementOffset(this.element);
//鼠標光標的頁面坐標
var ev = getMouseOffset(event);
//場景內坐標
var x = ev.x-po.left;
var y = ev.y-po.top;
//中間消失點的坐標偏移差
this.cXl = (this.element.clientWidth/2 - x) * this.ce;
this.cYl = (this.element.clientHeight/2 - y) * this.ce;
this.reDraw();
},
onMouseWheel:function(event){
var code = event.wheelDelta || -event.detail;
if(code > 0){
this.baseZ -= 200;
}else{
this.baseZ += 200;
}
this.reDraw();
},
reDraw:function(){
for(var i=0 ; i<this.ThingList.length;i++){
this.calcPosition(this.ThingList[i]);
}
}
};
/**
* 物件抽象類
*/
function Thing(options){
this.scene = null;
this.wh = new WH(10,10);
this.xyz = new XYZ(10,10,0);
this.element = null;
this.isOpacity = true;
this.setOption(options);
this.init();
}
Thing.prototype = {
setOption:function(options){
for(var i in options){
switch(i){
case 'wh':
case 'xyz':
case 'isOpacity':
this[i] = options[i];
break;
default:
break;
}
}
},
init:function(){
this.element = this.draw();
this.element.style.position = 'absolute';
this.element.style.width = this.wh.w + 'px';
this.element.style.height = this.wh.h + 'px';
},
draw:function(){
throw new Error(998,'method do not realize!');
},
getElement:function(/*Scene*/ scene){
this.scene = scene;
return this.element;
}
};
function Diam(options){
this.$supClass(options);
}
Diam.prototype = {
draw:function(){
var img = document.createElement('img');
loadimg = img.cloneNode(true);
loadimg.onload = function(){
self.wh = new WH(this.width,this.height);
}
img.src = [
'http://img18.wal8.com/img18/227468_20111230225028/p16i7nbc3s3bt1dt3naj1p3r1u2e7.jpg',
'http://img18.wal8.com/img18/227468_20111230225028/p16i7nbc3sverp2e1j9l8rddbv6.jpg',
'http://img18.wal8.com/img18/227468_20111230225028/p16i7nbc3sr3a15f2hd6trl1v632.jpg',
'http://img18.wal8.com/img18/227468_20111230225028/p16i7nbc3s4e02mb3j01susuve5.jpg',
'http://img18.wal8.com/img18/227468_20111230225028/p16i7nbc3sq8lo6puh5su1m4d4.jpg',
'http://img18.wal8.com/img18/227468_20111230225028/p16i7nbc3s15nd1nrf1r8018un7jv3.jpg',
'http://img18.wal8.com/img18/227468_20111230225028/p16i7nbc3r2frhoe13gr1k6c11tp1.jpg'
][Math.round(Math.random()*6)];
return img;
}
};
extend(Diam,Thing);
function Sky(options){
this.$supClass(options);
}
Sky.prototype = {
draw:function(){
var img = document.createElement('img');
img.src = [
'http://img18.wal8.com/img18/227468_20111230225028/p16i7ncbsv12991dii1fjbif4esn4.jpg',
'http://img18.wal8.com/img18/227468_20111230225028/p16i7ncbsv1652hgn13us1ob410423.jpg',
'http://img18.wal8.com/img18/227468_20111230225028/p16i7ncbsv15i55d0meuru3obr2.jpg',
'http://img18.wal8.com/img18/227468_20111230225028/p16i7ncbsvq3o143n1gdamcn13i21.jpg'
][Math.round(Math.random()*3)];
return img;
}
};
extend(Sky,Thing);
var scene = new Scene({
'element':'box'
});
for(var i= 0,x,z ; i < 50 ;i++){
x = (Math.sin(Math.PI*2*(i/50)) * 1000)+500;
y = (Math.cos(Math.PI*2*(i/50)) * 1000)+500;
scene.addThing(new Diam({
wh:new WH(100,100),
xyz:new XYZ(x,y,3000)
}));
}
for(var i= 0,x,z ; i < 50 ;i++){
x = (Math.sin(Math.PI*2*(i/50)) * 1000)+500;
z = (Math.cos(Math.PI*2*(i/50)) * 1000)+3000;
scene.addThing(new Diam({
wh:new WH(100,100),
xyz:new XYZ(x,document.body.clientHeight/2+200,z)
}));
}
scene.addThing(new Sky({
wh:new WH(160000,120000),
xyz:new XYZ(-80000,-60000,54000),
isOpacity:false
}));
}(window);
</script>
</body>
</html>

效果3

<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
<title>偽3d透視效果</title>
<style>
html,body{ padding:0px; margin:0px; height:100%; width:100%;overflow:hidden;}
#box{ background:#fff; height:100%; border:1px solid #ccc;position:relative; overflow:hidden;}
#debug{ width:200px; background:#fff; border:1px solid #ccc; position:absolute; left:10px; top:0px;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="box">
</div>
<div id="debug"></div>
<script>
void function(window){
/**
* by Od 2011/12/25
*/
var document = window.document;
var debug = document.getElementById('debug');
function ObjtoStr(obj){
var arr = [];
for(var i in obj){
if(isNaN(obj[i])) continue;
arr.push(i + ':' + obj[i]);
}
return arr.join('; ');
}
function getElementOffset(element){
var left = 0, top = 0;
do{
left += element.offsetLeft;
top += element.offsetTop;
}while(element = element.offsetParent);
return {
left:left,
top:top
};
}
function getMouseOffset(event){
return {
x:(event.pageX || event.clientX + document.body.scrollLeft - document.body.clientLeft),
y:(event.pageY || event.clientY + document.body.scrollTop - document.body.clientTop)
};
}
function addEventListener(element,type,fun){
if(element.addEventListener){
element.addEventListener(type,function(event){
fun(event);
},false);
}else{
element.attachEvent('on'+type,function(){
fun(window.event);
});
}
}
function extend(subClass,supClass){
var fun = function(){},
prototype = subClass.prototype;
fun.prototype = supClass.prototype;
subClass.prototype = new fun();
for(var i in prototype){
subClass.prototype[i] = prototype[i];
}
subClass.$supClass = supClass;
subClass.prototype.$supClass = function(){
var supClass = arguments.callee.caller.$supClass;
if(typeof supClass == 'function'){
supClass.apply(this,arguments);
this.$supClass = supClass;
}
};
subClass.prototype.constructor = subClass;
return subClass;
}
/**
* WH類，高寬
*/
function WH(w,h){
this.w = w;
this.h = h;
}
WH.prototype = {
clone:function(){
return new WH(this.w,this.h);
}
};
/**
* xyz坐標類
*
*/
function XYZ(x,y,z){
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
this.z = z;
}
XYZ.prototype = {
clone:function(){
return new XYZ(this.x,this.y,this.z);
}
};
/**
* 場景類
*/
function Scene(options){
//屬性
//dom
this.element = null;
//場景距離
this.fl = 500;
this.wh = null;
//基准z軸
this.baseZ = 0;
//中心消失點坐標
this.cX = 0;
this.cY = 0;
//中心消失點便宜
this.cXl = 0;
this.cYl = 0;
//偏移系數
this.ce = 1;
this.ThingList = [];
this.setOption(options);
this.init();
}
Scene.prototype = {
setOption:function(options){
for(var i in options){
switch(i){
case 'element':
this[i] = typeof options[i] == 'string' ? document.getElementById(options[i]) : options[i];
break;
}
}
},
init:function(){
if(!this.element) throw new Error(90,'not box');
this.wh = new WH(this.element.clientWidth,this.element.clientHeight);
this.bindEvent();
},
addThing:function(/* Thing */ thing){
this.ThingList.push(thing);
this.calcPosition(thing);
this.element.appendChild(thing.getElement(this));
},
//計算位置及大小
calcPosition:function(/*Thing*/ thing){
this.cX = this.element.clientWidth/2;
this.cY = this.element.clientHeight/2;
scale = this.fl/(this.fl + thing.xyz.z+this.baseZ);
if(scale <= 0){
thing.element.style.display = 'none';
return ;
}else{
thing.element.style.display = '';
}
thing.element.style.width = thing.wh.w * scale + 'px';
thing.element.style.height = thing.wh.h * scale + 'px';
thing.element.style.top = (this.cY + ((thing.xyz.y+this.cYl-this.cY) * scale)) + 'px';
thing.element.style.left = (this.cX + ((thing.xyz.x+this.cXl-this.cX) * scale)) + 'px';
thing.element.style.zIndex = Math.round(scale*1000);
thing.element.style.opacity = Math.min(scale*4.5,1);
thing.element.style.filter = 'alpha(opacity='+(Math.min(scale*4.5,1) * 100)+')';
},
bindEvent:function(){
var self = this;
addEventListener(this.element,'mousemove',function(event){
self.onMouseMove(event);
});
var mousewheel = navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Firefox') > 0 ? 'DOMMouseScroll' : 'mousewheel';
addEventListener(this.element,mousewheel,function(event){
self.onMouseWheel(event);
});
setInterval(function(){
self.onEnterFrame();
},40);
},
//在場景內移動事件
onMouseMove:function(event){
//場景的頁面坐標
var po = getElementOffset(this.element);
//鼠標光標的頁面坐標
var ev = getMouseOffset(event);
//場景內坐標
var x = ev.x-po.left;
var y = ev.y-po.top;
//中間消失點的坐標偏移差
this.cXl = (this.element.clientWidth/2 - x) * this.ce;
this.cYl = (this.element.clientHeight/2 - y) * this.ce;
this.reDraw();
},
onMouseWheel:function(event){
var code = event.wheelDelta || -event.detail;
if(code > 0){
this.baseZ -= 200;
}else{
this.baseZ += 200;
}
this.reDraw();
},
onEnterFrame:function(){
var thing;
for(var i=0; i<this.ThingList.length;i++){
thing = this.ThingList[i];
if(thing.isstatic) continue;
if(thing.xyz.y+1 >this.wh.h){
thing.xyz.y = 0;
}else{
thing.xyz.y += 20;
}
this.calcPosition(thing);
}
},
reDraw:function(){
for(var i=0 ; i<this.ThingList.length;i++){
this.calcPosition(this.ThingList[i]);
}
}
};
/**
* 物件抽象類
*/
function Thing(options){
this.scene = null;
this.wh = null;
this.xyz = new XYZ(10,10,0);
this.element = null;
this.isstatic = false;
this.setOption(options);
this.init();
}
Thing.prototype = {
setOption:function(options){
for(var i in options){
switch(i){
case 'wh':
case 'xyz':
case 'isstatic':
this[i] = options[i];
break;
default:
break;
}
}
},
init:function(){
this.element = this.draw();
this.element.style.position = 'absolute';
this.element.style.width = this.wh.w + 'px';
this.element.style.height = this.wh.h + 'px';
},
draw:function(){
throw new Error(998,'method do not realize!');
},
getElement:function(/*Scene*/ scene){
this.scene = scene;
return this.element;
}
};
function Snowflake(options){
this.$supClass(options);
}
Snowflake.prototype = {
draw:function(){
var img = document.createElement('img'),self = this;
loadimg = img.cloneNode(true);
loadimg.onload = function(){
//self.wh = new WH(this.width,this.height);
}
img.src = loadimg.src = [
'http://img18.wal8.com/img18/227468_20111230225028/p16i7nf1high41bbodrb18aboor8.gif',
'http://img18.wal8.com/img18/227468_20111230225028/p16i7nf1hiaeu6am10m7192a4pj7.gif',
'http://img18.wal8.com/img18/227468_20111230225028/p16i7nf1hi1te5gdb12p0mhp12lc6.gif',
'http://img18.wal8.com/img18/227468_20111230225028/p16i7nf1hi1fa51km41ofeh1219p25.gif',
'http://img18.wal8.com/img18/227468_20111230225028/p16i7nf1hiugi18uj1g5t1la4bd84.gif',
'http://img18.wal8.com/img18/227468_20111230225028/p16i7nf1hi13fb1mjstfgo11pel3.gif'
][Math.round(Math.random()*5)];
return img;
}
};
extend(Snowflake,Thing);
var scene = new Scene({
'element':'box'
});
function tree(options){
this.$supClass(options);
}
tree.prototype = {
draw:function(){
var img = document.createElement('img'),self = this;
img.src = 'http://img18.wal8.com/img18/227468_20111230225028/p16i7nf1hijv3rtcqab1mbjr0g9.gif';
return img;
}
};
extend(tree,Thing);
for(var i= 0,x,z ; i < 100 ;i++){
scene.addThing(new Snowflake({
wh:new WH(50,50),
xyz:new XYZ(Math.round(Math.random()*document.body.clientWidth),Math.round(Math.random()*document.body.clientHeight),Math.round(Math.random()*6000-1000))
}));
}
for(var i= 0,x,z ; i < 80 ;i++){
scene.addThing(new tree({
wh:new WH(500,800),
isstatic:true,
xyz:new XYZ(Math.round(Math.random()*document.body.clientWidth),Math.round(document.body.clientHeight),Math.round(Math.random()*6000-1000))
}));
}
for(var i= 0,x,z ; i < 80 ;i++){
scene.addThing(new tree({
wh:new WH(500,800),
isstatic:true,
xyz:new XYZ(Math.round(Math.random()*document.body.clientWidth*20),Math.round(document.body.clientHeight),Math.round(Math.random()*4000+3000))
}));
}
for(var i= 0,x,z ; i < 80 ;i++){
scene.addThing(new tree({
wh:new WH(500,800),
isstatic:true,
xyz:new XYZ(Math.round(Math.random()*-document.body.clientWidth*20),Math.round(document.body.clientHeight),Math.round(Math.random()*4000+3000))
}));
}
for(var i= 0,x,z ; i < 80 ;i++){
scene.addThing(new tree({
wh:new WH(500,800),
isstatic:true,
xyz:new XYZ(Math.round(Math.random()*-document.body.clientWidth*10),Math.round(document.body.clientHeight),Math.round(Math.random()*4000+1000))
}));
}
}(window);
</script>
</body>
</html>

效果4

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