教务管理系统设计总结

一、概述

教务管理系统，是一个管理教师、学生信息和管理教师、学生事务的管理系统，该系统分为教师端、学生端和管理员端，其权限比较：管理员>教师>学生，管理员负责管理教师、学生、账号各信息，教师负责向学生端发布作业信息和批改学生作业，学生端接受作业后将作业提交至教师端，三者中管理员权限最大也最辛苦，可由教师账号和学生账号选举产生，由管理员授权

二、项目结构及执行流程

1.执行流程

技术架构

学生端

教师端

管理员

2.项目结构

以 maven 为容器，SpringBoot+Vue 架构，前后端分离

后端

SpringBoot+MyBatis Plus+SpringMVC

前端

Vue+Axios+Element UI

开发环境

jdk1.8

MySQL8.0.20

Vue @vue/cli 4.5.15

三、数据库

表结构

脚本

-- 教务管理系统
CREATE DATABASE studentworksystem;

USE studentworksystem;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for class
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `class`;
CREATE TABLE `class`
(
    `Class_Id`   int(0)                                                       NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '班级编号',
    `Class_Name` varchar(64) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '班级名称',
    PRIMARY KEY (`Class_Id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  AUTO_INCREMENT = 11
  CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4
  COLLATE = utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci
  ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for student
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `student`;
CREATE TABLE `student`
(
    `Student_Id`      int(0)                                                         NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '编号',
    `Student_Name`    varchar(64) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci   NOT NULL COMMENT '学生姓名',
    `Student_Age`     int(0)                                                         NOT NULL COMMENT '学生年龄',
    `Student_Sex`     varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci   NOT NULL COMMENT '学生性别',
    `Student_Address` varchar(1024) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '学生居住地',
    `Class_ID`        int(0)                                                         NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '班级编号',
    `User_ID`         int(0)                                                         NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户编号',
    PRIMARY KEY (`Student_Id`) USING BTREE,
    INDEX `Student_Work_fk` (`Class_ID`) USING BTREE,
    INDEX `Student_User_fk` (`User_ID`) USING BTREE,
    CONSTRAINT `Student_User_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`User_ID`) REFERENCES `user` (`User_Id`) ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE,
    CONSTRAINT `Student_Work_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`Class_ID`) REFERENCES `class` (`Class_Id`) ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  AUTO_INCREMENT = 204
  CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4
  COLLATE = utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci
  ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for student_work
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `student_work`;
CREATE TABLE `student_work`
(
    `Student_Work_Id` int(0)                                                         NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '编号',
    `Student_ID`      int(0)                                                         NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '学生编号',
    `Work_ID`         int(0)                                                         NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '作业编号',
    `Student_Work`    varchar(3072) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '学生作业',
    `Student_Source`  double                                                         NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT '学生成绩',
    PRIMARY KEY (`Student_Work_Id`) USING BTREE,
    INDEX `Student_fk` (`Student_ID`) USING BTREE,
    INDEX `SWork_fk` (`Work_ID`) USING BTREE,
    CONSTRAINT `Student_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`Student_ID`) REFERENCES `student` (`Student_Id`) ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE,
    CONSTRAINT `SWork_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`Work_ID`) REFERENCES `work` (`Work_Id`) ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  AUTO_INCREMENT = 235
  CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4
  COLLATE = utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci
  ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for teacher
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `teacher`;
CREATE TABLE `teacher`
(
    `Teacher_Id`      int(0)                                                         NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '编号',
    `Teacher_Name`    varchar(64) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci   NOT NULL COMMENT '教师姓名',
    `Teacher_Age`     int(0)                                                         NOT NULL COMMENT '教师年龄',
    `Teacher_Sex`     varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci   NOT NULL COMMENT '教师性别',
    `Teacher_Address` varchar(1024) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '教师居住地',
    `User_ID`         int(0)                                                         NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户编号',
    PRIMARY KEY (`Teacher_Id`) USING BTREE,
    INDEX `Teacher_User_fk` (`User_ID`) USING BTREE,
    CONSTRAINT `Teacher_User_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`User_ID`) REFERENCES `user` (`User_Id`) ON DELETE RESTRICT ON UPDATE CASCADE
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  AUTO_INCREMENT = 53
  CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4
  COLLATE = utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci
  ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for user
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
CREATE TABLE `user`
(
    `User_Id`          int(0)                                                       NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '编号',
    `User_Name`        varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '用户姓名',
    `User_Password`    varchar(32) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '用户密码',
    `User_Deleted`     int(0)                                                       NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT '冻结指数',
    `User_Create_Time` datetime(0)                                                  NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(0) COMMENT '创建时间',
    `User_Update_Time` datetime(0)                                                  NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(0) ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(0) COMMENT '修改时间',
    `User_Identity`    int(0)                                                       NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT '身份码',
    `User_Admin`       int(0)                                                       NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT '管理员码',
    PRIMARY KEY (`User_Id`) USING BTREE,
    UNIQUE INDEX `username` (`User_Name`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  AUTO_INCREMENT = 263
  CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4
  COLLATE = utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci
  ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for work
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `work`;
CREATE TABLE `work`
(
    `Work_Id`      int(0)                                                         NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '编号',
    `Work_Name`    varchar(1024) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL COMMENT '作业姓名',
    `Work_Content` varchar(3072) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '作业要求',
    `Teacher_Id`   int(0)                                                         NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '教师编号',
    `Class_Id`     int(0)                                                         NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '班级编号',
    PRIMARY KEY (`Work_Id`) USING BTREE,
    INDEX `Class_Work_fk` (`Class_Id`) USING BTREE,
    INDEX `Teacher_Work_fk` (`Teacher_Id`) USING BTREE,
    CONSTRAINT `Class_Work_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`Class_Id`) REFERENCES `class` (`Class_Id`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE,
    CONSTRAINT `Teacher_Work_fk` FOREIGN KEY (`Teacher_Id`) REFERENCES `teacher` (`Teacher_Id`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  AUTO_INCREMENT = 71
  CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4
  COLLATE = utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci
  ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

四、后端开发

后端依托 springboot 这个大框架为主体，mybatis plus 作为数据层，springMVC 为表现层

1.核心结构

数据层

以 mybatis plus 为框架

业务层

直接与数据层交互

表现层

与业务层交互

2.核心业务代码

由于项目前后端分离，在这里用于与前端交互数据，前端向后端服务器发送各种请求，后端将返回 Json 用于响应

3.前端需发送的请求如下：

所有请求的前缀为 http://[后端服务器地址]:[端口号]，以下请求均以此向后添加字段即可

注意：由于响应的字符串为 Json 字符串，以下我将罗列响应和请求的 Json 各 key 值的含义，方便理解

以下为 java 实体类源码，其中 Json 以实体类定义的各对象属性字段为 key 值，带有@TableId(type = IdType.AUTO)为数据库主键，带有@TableField(exist = false)注解的代表数据库中没有该字段但实体类操作过程中必须的字段

//班级
@TableId(type = IdType.AUTO)
    private Long classId;//班级编号
    private String className;//班级名称
    @TableField(exist = false)
    private List<Work> classWorks;//班级作业

//学生
@TableId(type = IdType.AUTO)
    private Long studentId;//编号
    private String studentName;//学生姓名
    private Long classId;//班级编号
    private Long userId;//用户编号
    @TableField(exist = false)
    private String className;//班级名称
    private Integer studentAge;//学生年龄
    private String studentSex;//学生性别
    private String studentAddress;//学生地址
    @TableField(exist = false)
    private List<StudentWork> studentWorks;//学生作业

//学生作业
@TableId(type = IdType.AUTO)
    private Long studentWorkId;//学生作业编号
    private Long studentId;//学生编号
    private Long workId;//作业编号
    private String studentWork;//学生作业
    private Double studentSource;//作业分数
    @TableField(exist = false)
    private String studentName;//学生姓名

//教师
@TableId(type = IdType.AUTO)
    private Long teacherId;//编号
    private String teacherName;//教师姓名
    private int teacherAge;//教师年龄
    private String teacherSex;//教师性别
    private String teacherAddress;//教师地址
    private Long userId;//用户编号

//用户
@TableId(type = IdType.AUTO)
    private Long userId;//编号
    private String userName;//用户名
    @TableField(exist = false)
    private String newUserName;//新用户名
    private String userPassword;//用户密码
    @TableField(exist = false)
    private String newUserPassWord;//新密码
    @TableLogic
    private Integer userDeleted;//冻结指数
    @TableField(fill = FieldFill.INSERT)
    private Date userCreateTime;//创建时间
    @TableField(fill = FieldFill.INSERT_UPDATE)
    private Date userUpdateTime;//修改时间
    private Integer userIdentity;//用户身份
    private Integer userAdmin;//管理员标识
    @TableField(exist = false)
    private String userRealName;//用户真实姓名
    @TableField(exist = false)
    private String className;//用户班级
    @TableField(exist = false)
    private String address;//用户地址
    @TableField(exist = false)
    private String Identity;//身份
    @TableField(exist = false)
    private String Admin;//权限

//作业
@TableId(type = IdType.AUTO)
    private Long workId;//作业编号
    private String workName;//作业名称
    private String workContent;//作业要求
    private Long teacherId;//教师编号
    private Long classId;//班级编号
    @TableField(exist = false)
    private String teacherName;//布置人
    @TableField(exist = false)
    private String className;//班级名

//Json
private boolean status;//状态信息
private Object data;//数据