新概念英语第二册 lesson3 Please send me a card

Lesson3 Please sent me a card

1.New words

1.1 send ⭐️

v. 寄，送，派遣，打发

send - sent - sent

1.加双宾语

send sb sth	把某物送给某人⭐️
=send sth to sb
eg : send me a postcard	寄张明信片给我
= send a postcard to me

2.加单宾语

send sth	寄送某物
send sb	派遣 / 打发某人
eg : send a parcel	寄一个包裹
send the children to bed	带小孩去睡觉

3.优美短语

send sb my love	代向...致意
=give sb my love
eg : Please send your sister my love.	代我向你的姐姐表示致意
Please send my love to your sister.	代我向你的姐姐表示致意
send for sb	派人去请某人
send for sth	派人去找某物
eg : send for a doctor	派人请医生
send for a taxi	派人去叫出租车

1.2 postcard

n. 明信片

card	卡片
a Christmas card	圣诞卡片
a birthday card	生日卡片
a get-well card	康复卡
an identity card	身份证
a post card	明信片
cards	纸牌
a pack of cards	一副纸牌

1.优美短语

one's best card	某人的王牌，决招
=one's strongest card
give sb his cards	开除，解雇
lay one's cards on the table	摊牌
put one's cards on the table	摊牌

2.拆分

post	n./v. 邮，寄
post-bag	邮袋
post-box(u.s. mail box)	邮箱
post-code	邮政编码
post-office	邮局
postman(u.s. mailman)	邮递员
post mark	邮戳
post-free	免付邮资的，邮资已付的
post-paid	邮资已付的

1.3 spoil ⭐️

1. 使索然无味，损坏，破环，糟蹋

   spoil - spoiled - spoiled（规则）；spoil - spoilt-spoilt（不规则）

   spoiled 和 spoilt 的使用规则

英式英语	不规则
美式英语	规则
过去分词做定语	不规则
eg : a spoilt child	被惯坏的小孩
eg : spoilt milk	坏的牛奶

注：定语：用于修饰名词或者代词。

2. v. 娇惯，宠坏，溺爱（尤值儿童）

That little girl is terribly spoilt - her parents give her everything she asks for.	那个小女孩真惯得不像话--父母对她是有求必应
Everybody enjoys being spoilt from time to time	谁都喜欢偶尔被宠一宠

1.4 museum

n. 博物馆

museum	1.适合博物馆展览的精品 2.（贬）老古董
eg : this old radio of yours is a bit of museum piece; it is about time you got a new one.	这个收音机该进博物馆了，早该换新的了

1.5 public⭐️

1. adj. 公众的，与公众相关的（作定语）

   反义词：private

   a public harden	公园
   public affairs	公事
   public education	民众教育
   public health	民众健康
   public libraries	公共图书馆
   the public highway	公路

2. n. 公众，民众

   the public	公众，民众
   in public	公开的，公然的
   反义
   in private	私自的，私人的
   eg : she apologized to the public in public for her mistakes.	她公开的像公众对她所犯的错误道歉

1.6 friendly⭐️

1. adj. 友好的

friendly	adj. 友好的
friendly nations	友邦
a friendly smile	友好的微笑
a friendly welcome	友好的欢迎
a friendly manner	友好的态度
friend⭐️	n. 朋友
1.make friends with sb	和某人交朋友
2.A friend in need is a friend indeed.	患难朋友才是真朋友
3.close friend	密友
bosom friend	知己
4.boy friend	男朋友
girl friend	女朋友

"ly"结尾的adj.
friendly	友好的
lonely	孤独的
silly	蠢的
brotherly	兄长般的
lovely	可爱的
deadly	致命的
likely	可能的

1.7 waiter

1. n. (饭店，旅馆，餐厅等)的服务员

		-ess是女性的象征
waiter	男服务员	waitress	女服务员
actor	男演员	actress	女演员
tiger	雄性老虎	tigress	雌性老虎

1.8 lend⭐️

1. v. 借

   lend - lent - lent

lend sb sth	借给某人某物（借出）⭐️
= lend sth to sb
borrow sth from sb	从某人那借来某物（借回）⭐️
eg : can you lend me 200 yuan?	你能借给我200块吗？
I'll pay you back tomorrow	我明天还给你.
lend sb a hand	帮某人的忙
=give sb help
lend sb an ear	耐心聆听
be living on borrowed time	大难不死

2. 区别

lender	出借人，贷方
borrower	借东西的人，借方

1.9 decision⭐️

1. n. 决定

   decision	n. 决定
   make a decision	做出决定
   =reach a decision
   =come to a decision
   =arrive at a decision
   eg : On the last day of my holiday, I made a big decision.	假期的最后一天，我做了一个巨大的决定

2. v. 决定

   decide	v. 决定
   decide to do ...	决定做某事⭐️
   =make up one's mind to do ...	下定决心做...⭐️
   eg : I decided to study another foreign language	我决定去学一门外国语言

    

1.10 whole ⭐️

1. adj. 完全的，整体的，全部的

   entire；complete

   whole	完全的，整体的，全部的
   =entire
   =complete
   a whole day	一整天
   three whole days	整整三天
   the whole country	全国
   the whole world	全世界
   eg : let's forget the whole affair	让我们忘记整件事情吧

2. n. 整个，整体

   quarter	n.四分之一，一季度，一刻钟
   half	n.一半
   eg:Two halves make a whole	两个一半构成一个整体

3. 短语

   as a whole	整个地
   on the whole	总的来说，一般来讲
   wholesale	批发
   wholesaler	批发商
   retail	零售
   retail dealer	零售商
   =retail trader

1.11 single⭐️

1. adj 唯一的，单一的 only one

   a single letter	唯一的信件
   a single apple hanging from the tree	唯一的苹果在树上
   a single ticket	单程票
   a round ticket	往返票
   =a return ticket

2. adj 未婚的，独身的

   single men and women	单身男女
   married	已婚的

3. adj 单独一个人使用的

   a single bed	单人床
   a double bed	双人床
   a single room
   a double room

4. adj 单亲 single-parent

   a single-parent family	单亲家庭

2. Key Structures⭐️

2.1 Simple past 一般过去时

1. 功能

   表示过去某个/某段时间发生的动作或情况，常搭配过去一段时间。

   eg:We visited the school last year	我们去年参观过这个学校

   2. 形式

   规则变化	v. + ed
   	walked,happened
   不规则变化	特殊记忆
   现在时	过去时
   eat	ate
   go	went
   see	saw
   come	came
   be	was/were

2.2 一般现在和一般过去的区别

一般现在时	一般过去时
Her brother is an artist	Her brother was an artist
她哥哥以前是个艺术家（去世）	她哥哥是个艺术家（健在）
That's all I had to say	That's all I have to say
话已说完	言之未尽

3.Text

Postcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. Every day I thought about postcards.

My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!

 

3.1 Postcards always spoil my holidays.

always	总是（频度副词 在实义动词之后）
a holiday	一天假
holiday	长假
go on holiday	去度假
be on holiday	在度假
holidays	较长的假期
vacation	法定节假日
leave	雇员因某种原因而获准的休假
ask for a leave	请假
take French leave	不辞而别

3.2 Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens.

Italy	意大利
Italian	意大利人
public garden	公园

3.3 A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian.

3.3.1 teach

teach sb sth	教某人某事（双宾）
teach myself English	教我英语
teach sb a lesson	教训某人一顿
=give sb a lesson
teach sb to do sth	教某人去做某事
teach fish to swim	班门弄斧

teach 和 其他“教育”动词 的区别

educate	知识和智慧全面培养，指学校正规教育
teach	单一学科或技能的教育程度
coach	非正规指导，可能某一科考试的指导，或对体育运动的指导
train	训练，使在行为，技能或体能上达到要求
instruct	教授某人学校科目；传授某人技巧；指导；命令

3.3.2 word

1. n. 词

   new words and aexpressions	新词和短语

2. n. 话，语言

   I don't belive a word of his story	他的一个字我都不相信

3. n. 消息

   Word came that he had run into trouble	有些人传来说他遇到麻烦了
   Actions speak louder than words	行动胜于语言
   have a word in sb's ear	和...说句悄悄话
   have a word with sb	和...说一句话
   have words with sb	和...吵架
   have word from sb	收到...的消息

3.4 Then he lent me a book.

lend sb sth	借给某人某物

3.5 Every day I thought about postcards.

think about + n. / doing	思考，思索，回想，想起
eg:Do you often think about your childhood？	你经常回想你的童年吗？
think of	考虑，想起，记起
eg:I thought of postcards	我总是考虑明信片

3.6 My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends.

pass	v.(passed)
send sth to sb	寄某物给某人
=send sb sth
eg:I did not send cards to my friends.	我没有寄明信片给我的朋友

3.7 I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!

spend	花费
sb spend time/money/energy on sth	某人花费时间，钱，精力在某事上
sb spend time/money/energy (in) doing sth	某人花费时间，钱，精力去做某事
eg:He spends money as if he were a millionaire.	他花钱像个百万富翁一样

4.Special Difficult ⭐️

4.1 过去式

1. 功能

   表示过去某个特定时间或某段时间发生的动作或状况

4.2 双宾

1. 功能

   动词可以带两个宾语，这些大多具有“给予”含义

   He lent me a book
   =He lent a book to me
   me	间接宾语
   a book	直接宾语

5. Exercises

5.1

He was a friendly waiter He spoke to the writer _____.

A. friend B. as friends C. like friends D. in a friendly way

5.2

On the last day he made a big decision. It was the _______ day of his holiday. A. final B. end C. latest D. bottom

5.3

He didn't write a single card so he _____. A. wrote only one B. didn't write even one C. wrote just one D. wrote all the cards except one

5.4

There is need to check the ______ of the report A. frequency B. accuracy C. emergency D. efficiency

6.Analysis

5.1

Answer：D

Friend	朋友
as friend	作为朋友
like friends	像朋友一样
in a friendly way	以友好的方式

5.2

Answer：A

final	最后的
end	最后，结束
latest	最近的，最新的
bottom	底部，末端

5.3

Answer：B

wrote only one	只写了一张
didn't write even one	甚至一张都没写
wrote just one	只写了一张
wrote all the cards except one	除了一张没写，其他都写了

5.4

Answer：B

frequent	频率很高的，经常的
accurate	准确的，精确的
emergent	紧急的
efficient	效率高的