Netty通过WebSocket实现长连接,服务器和浏览器可以双向通信

1.服务端

package netty.mydemo;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.sctp.nio.NioSctpServerChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObjectAggregator;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpServerCodec;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketServerProtocolHandler;
import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;
import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;
import io.netty.handler.stream.ChunkedWriteHandler;

/**
 *Netty通过WebSocket实现长连接,服务器和浏览器可以双向通信*/
public class NettyServer {
    public static void main(String[] args)throws  Exception{
        //创建2个线程组
        EventLoopGroup boss=new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
        EventLoopGroup work=new NioEventLoopGroup();//NettyRuntime.availableProcessors() * 2) 默认创建的线程个数
        ServerBootstrap serverBootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
        try {
            serverBootstrap.group(boss, work);
            serverBootstrap.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class);
            serverBootstrap.handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO)); //Netty提供的日志handler
            serverBootstrap.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                @Override
                protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
                    ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
                    //基于http协议，使用http的编码和解码器
                    pipeline.addLast(new HttpServerCodec());
                    //以块方式写，添加ChunkedWriteHandler处理器
                    pipeline.addLast(new ChunkedWriteHandler());
                    /*
                    1. http数据在传输过程中是分段, HttpObjectAggregator ，就是可以将多个段聚合
                    2. 这就就是为什么，当浏览器发送大量数据时，就会发出多次http请求
                     */
                    pipeline.addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(7168));
                    /*
                    1. 对应websocket ，它的数据是以 帧(frame) 形式传递
                    2. 可以看到WebSocketFrame 下面有六个子类
                    3. 浏览器请求时 ws://localhost:9000/demo 表示请求的uri
                    4. WebSocketServerProtocolHandler 核心功能是将 http协议升级为 ws协议 , 保持长连接
                    5. 是通过一个 状态码 101
                     */
                    pipeline.addLast(new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler("/demo"));

                    //自定义的handler ，处理业务逻辑
                    pipeline.addLast(new MyTextWebSocketFrameHandler());
                }
            });

            //启动服务器
            ChannelFuture channelFuture = serverBootstrap.bind(9000).sync();
            channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        }finally {
            boss.shutdownGracefully();
            work.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }


}

package netty.mydemo;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandler;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.TextWebSocketFrame;

import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;

public class MyTextWebSocketFrameHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<TextWebSocketFrame> {
    @Override
    protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, TextWebSocketFrame msg) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("服务端收到消息："+msg.text());
        //回复消息
        ctx.channel().writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame(("服务器当前时间："+ LocalDateTime.now()+"  "+msg.text())));
    }

    //当web客户端连接后， 触发方法
    @Override
    public void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("handlerAdded 被调用 id" + ctx.channel().id());
        //id 表示唯一的值，LongText 是唯一的 ShortText 不是唯一
        System.out.println("handlerAdded 被调用" + ctx.channel().id().asLongText());
        System.out.println("handlerAdded 被调用" + ctx.channel().id().asShortText());
    }


    @Override
    public void handlerRemoved(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {

        System.out.println("handlerRemoved 被调用" + ctx.channel().id().asLongText());
    }

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("异常发生 " + cause.getMessage());
        ctx.close(); //关闭连接
    }
}

 

2.浏览器端

 

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<script>
    var socket;
    //判断当前浏览器是否支持websocket
    if(window.WebSocket) {
        //go on
        socket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:9000/demo");
        //相当于channelReado, ev 收到服务器端回送的消息
        socket.onmessage = function (ev) {
            var rt = document.getElementById("responseText");
            rt.value = rt.value + "\n" + ev.data;
        }

        //相当于连接开启(感知到连接开启)
        socket.onopen = function (ev) {
            var rt = document.getElementById("responseText");
            rt.value = "连接开启了.."
        }

        //相当于连接关闭(感知到连接关闭)
        socket.onclose = function (ev) {

            var rt = document.getElementById("responseText");
            rt.value = rt.value + "\n" + "连接关闭了.."
        }
    } else {
        alert("当前浏览器不支持websocket")
    }

    //发送消息到服务器
    function send(message) {
        if(!window.socket) { //先判断socket是否创建好
            return;
        }
        if(socket.readyState == WebSocket.OPEN) {
            //通过socket 发送消息
            socket.send(message)
        } else {
            alert("连接没有开启");
        }
    }
</script>
    <form onsubmit="return false">
        <textarea name="message" style="height: 300px; width: 300px"></textarea>
        <input type="button" value="发生消息" onclick="send(this.form.message.value)">
        <textarea id="responseText" style="height: 300px; width: 300px"></textarea>
        <input type="button" value="清空内容" onclick="document.getElementById('responseText').value=''">
    </form>
</body>
</html>

浏览器端