Openwrt支持移遠4G模塊過程記錄
來源 https://www.right.com.cn/FORUM/thread-4033702-1-1.html
參考 http://iotts.com.cn/blog/2021/08/08/OpenWrt-%E6%8C%82%E8%BD%BD%E7%A7%BB%E8%BF%9CEC20%E3%80%81EC21%E3%80%81EC25%E3%80%81AG35%E7%AD%894G%E6%A8%A1%E5%9D%97/
參考了不少教程，也做了不少嘗試，最后記錄下整個過程以便自己和壇友們參考
我所用的4G模塊是Quectel EC20 R2.0，對於這個型號以下的操作前半部分修改USB Serial驅動應該是不需要的，但是我也都修改了並且記錄下來，對於其他品牌型號的模塊應該是原理相通的
修改內核增加USB Serial驅動支持
1.增加PID&VID，教程中所用內核4.4.79尚沒有支持，我用的4.19.122已經支持，而且兩者之間的定義方式稍有不同
教程里需要添加的代碼為
build_dir/target-mips_24kc_musl/linux-ar71xx_generic/linux-4.4.79/drivers/usb/serial/option.c
【注】只添加#if 1 到 #endif的內容
static const struct usb_device_id option_ids[] = {
#if 1 //Added by Quectel
{ USB_DEVICE(0x05C6, 0x9090) }, /* Quectel UC15 */
{ USB_DEVICE(0x05C6, 0x9003) }, /* Quectel UC20 */
{ USB_DEVICE(0x2C7C, 0x0125) }, /* Quectel EC25 */
{ USB_DEVICE(0x2C7C, 0x0121) }, /* Quectel EC21 */
{ USB_DEVICE(0x05C6, 0x9215) }, /* Quectel EC20 */
{ USB_DEVICE(0x2C7C, 0x0191) }, /* Quectel EG91 */
{ USB_DEVICE(0x2C7C, 0x0195) }, /* Quectel EG95 */
{ USB_DEVICE(0x2C7C, 0x0306) }, /* Quectel EG06/EP06/EM06 */
{ USB_DEVICE(0x2C7C, 0x0296) }, /* Quectel BG96 */
{ USB_DEVICE(0x2C7C, 0x0435) }, /* Quectel AG35 */
#endif
可以看到是在結構體usb_device_id option_ids[]里添加了移遠各型號的PID和VID
而新內核的此結構體是通過在前面define然后后面通過VENDOR_ID和PRODUCT來定義
#define QUECTEL_VENDOR_ID 0x2c7c
/* These Quectel products use Quectel's vendor ID */
#define QUECTEL_PRODUCT_EC21 0x0121
#define QUECTEL_PRODUCT_EC25 0x0125
#define QUECTEL_PRODUCT_BG96 0x0296
#define QUECTEL_PRODUCT_EP06 0x0306
#define QUECTEL_PRODUCT_EM12 0x0512
#define QUECTEL_PRODUCT_RM500Q 0x0800
后面則是
{ USB_DEVICE(QUECTEL_VENDOR_ID, QUECTEL_PRODUCT_EC25), .driver_info = RSVD(4) },
總之就是此處不需要額外修改了
2.添加零包處理
文件位於build_dir/target-mips_24kc_musl/linux-ar71xx_generic/linux-4.4.79/drivers/usb/serial/usb_wwan.c
添加在函數urb中
static struct urb *usb_wwan_setup_urb(struct usb_serial_port *port,
int endpoint,
int dir, void *ctx, char *buf, int len,
void (*callback) (struct urb *))
{
struct usb_serial *serial = port->serial;
struct usb_wwan_intf_private *intfdata = usb_get_serial_data(serial);
struct urb *urb;
urb = usb_alloc_urb(0, GFP_KERNEL); /* No ISO */
if (!urb)
return NULL;
usb_fill_bulk_urb(urb, serial->dev,
usb_sndbulkpipe(serial->dev, endpoint) | dir,
buf, len, callback, ctx);
if (intfdata->use_zlp && dir == USB_DIR_OUT)
urb->transfer_flags |= URB_ZERO_PACKET;
#if 1 //Added by Quectelfor Zero Packet
if (dir == USB_DIR_OUT) {
struct usb_device_descriptor *desc = &serial->dev->descriptor;
if (desc->idVendor == cpu_to_le16(0x05C6) && desc->idProduct == cpu_to_le16(0x9090))
urb->transfer_flags |= URB_ZERO_PACKET;
if (desc->idVendor == cpu_to_le16(0x05C6) && desc->idProduct == cpu_to_le16(0x9003))
urb->transfer_flags |= URB_ZERO_PACKET;
if (desc->idVendor == cpu_to_le16(0x05C6) && desc->idProduct == cpu_to_le16(0x9215))
urb->transfer_flags |= URB_ZERO_PACKET;
if (desc->idVendor == cpu_to_le16(0x2C7C))
urb->transfer_flags |= URB_ZERO_PACKET;
if (desc->idVendor == cpu_to_le16(0x1286) && desc->idProduct == cpu_to_le16(0x4e3d))
{
urb->transfer_flags |= URB_ZERO_PACKET;
}
}
#endif
return urb;
}
3.增加休眠后喚醒接口
文件位於build_dir/target-mips_24kc_musl/linux-ar71xx_generic/linux-4.4.79/drivers/usb/serial/option.c
添加在option_1port_device結構體中
static struct usb_serial_driver option_1port_device = {
.driver = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.name = "option1",
},
.description = "GSM modem (1-port)",
.id_table = option_ids,
.num_ports = 1,
.probe = option_probe,
.open = usb_wwan_open,
.close = usb_wwan_close,
.dtr_rts = usb_wwan_dtr_rts,
.write = usb_wwan_write,
.write_room = usb_wwan_write_room,
.chars_in_buffer = usb_wwan_chars_in_buffer,
.tiocmget = usb_wwan_tiocmget,
.tiocmset = usb_wwan_tiocmset,
.ioctl = usb_wwan_ioctl,
.attach = option_attach,
.release = option_release,
.port_probe = usb_wwan_port_probe,
.port_remove = usb_wwan_port_remove,
.read_int_callback = option_instat_callback,
#ifdef CONFIG_PM
.suspend = usb_wwan_suspend,
.resume = usb_wwan_resume,
#if 1 //Added by Quectel
.reset_resume = usb_wwan_resume,
#endif
#endif
};
4.使用 GobiNet or QMI WWAN
如果使用ucxx/ec2x/egxx/EP06/EM06/BG96/AG35，並要求GobiNet或QMI WWAN，請添加以下語句，以防止這些模塊接口4被用作USB串行設備
文件位於build_dir/target-mips_24kc_musl/linux-ar71xx_generic/linux-4.4.79/drivers/usb/serial/option.c
添加在函數option_probe中
static int option_probe(struct usb_serial *serial,
const struct usb_device_id *id)
{
struct usb_interface_descriptor *iface_desc =
&serial->interface->cur_altsetting->desc;
unsigned long device_flags = id->driver_info;
/* Never bind to the CD-Rom emulation interface */
if (iface_desc->bInterfaceClass == USB_CLASS_MASS_STORAGE)
return -ENODEV;
/*
* Don't bind reserved interfaces (like network ones) which often have
* the same class/subclass/protocol as the serial interfaces. Look at
* the Windows driver .INF files for reserved interface numbers.
*/
if (device_flags & RSVD(iface_desc->bInterfaceNumber))
return -ENODEV;
/*
* Allow matching on bNumEndpoints for devices whose interface numbers
* can change (e.g. Quectel EP06).
*/
if (device_flags & NUMEP2 && iface_desc->bNumEndpoints != 2)
return -ENODEV;
#if 1 //Added by Quectel
//Quectel UC20's interface 4 can be used as USB network device
if (serial->dev->descriptor.idVendor == cpu_to_le16(0x05C6) && serial->dev->descriptor.idProduct == cpu_to_le16(0x9003) && serial->interface->cur_altsetting->desc.bInterfaceNumber >= 4)
return -ENODEV;
//Quectel EC20's interface 4 can be used as USB network device
if (serial->dev->descriptor.idVendor == cpu_to_le16(0x05C6) && serial->dev->descriptor.idProduct == cpu_to_le16(0x9215) && serial->interface->cur_altsetting->desc.bInterfaceNumber >= 4)
return -ENODEV;
//Quectel EC25&EC21&EG91&EG95&EG06&EP06&EM06&BG96/AG35's interface 4 can be used as USB network device
if (serial->dev->descriptor.idVendor == cpu_to_le16(0x2C7C) && serial->interface->cur_altsetting->desc.bInterfaceNumber >= 4)
return -ENODEV;
#endif
/* Store the device flags so we can use them during attach. */
usb_set_serial_data(serial, (void *)device_flags);
return 0;
}
以下部分則是必須的了，不然即便設備和接口都能正常識別，但是卻沒法獲取ip，此處參考https://www.right.com.cn/forum/thread-480555-1-1.html
修改內核增加QMI WWAN驅動支持
1.增加VID和PID
文件位於build_dir/target-mips_24kc_musl/linux-ar71xx_generic/linux-4.4.79/drivers/net/usb/qmi_wwan.c
在結構體usb_device_id products[]中
static const struct usb_device_id products[] = {
#if 1 //Added by Quectel
#ifndef QMI_FIXED_INTF
/* map QMI/wwan function by a fixed interface number */
#define QMI_FIXED_INTF(vend, prod, num) \
.match_flags = USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEVICE |
USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_INFO, \
.idVendor = vend, \
.idProduct = prod, \
.bInterfaceClass = 0xff, \
.bInterfaceSubClass = 0xff, \
.bInterfaceProtocol = 0xff, \
.driver_info = (unsigned long)&qmi_wwan_force_int##num,
#endif
{ QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x05C6, 0x9003, 4) }, /* Quectel UC20 */
{ QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x2C7C, 0x0125, 4) }, /* Quectel EC25 */
{ QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x2C7C, 0x0121, 4) }, /* Quectel EC21 */
{ QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x05C6, 0x9215, 4) }, /* Quectel EC20 */
{ QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x2C7C, 0x0191, 4) }, /* Quectel EG91 */
{ QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x2C7C, 0x0195, 4) }, /* Quectel EG95 */
{ QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x2C7C, 0x0306, 4) }, /* Quectel EG06/EP06/EM06 */
{ QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x2C7C, 0x0296, 4) }, /* Quectel BG96 */
{ QMI_FIXED_INTF(0x2C7C, 0x0435, 4) }, /* Quectel AG35 */
#endif
但是我注意到源文件里有
#define QMI_MATCH_FF_FF_FF(vend, prod) \
USB_DEVICE_AND_INTERFACE_INFO(vend, prod, USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC, \
USB_SUBCLASS_VENDOR_SPEC, 0xff), \
.driver_info = (unsigned long)&qmi_wwan_info_quirk_dtr
...
...
{QMI_MATCH_FF_FF_FF(0x2c7c, 0x0125)}, /* Quectel EC25, EC20 R2.0 Mini PCIe */
{QMI_MATCH_FF_FF_FF(0x2c7c, 0x0306)}, /* Quectel EP06/EG06/EM06 */
{QMI_MATCH_FF_FF_FF(0x2c7c, 0x0512)}, /* Quectel EG12/EM12 */
{QMI_MATCH_FF_FF_FF(0x2c7c, 0x0800)}, /* Quectel RM500Q-GL */
不知道此處應該怎么理解
2.增加對Raw IP Mode的支持
文件位於build_dir/target-mips_24kc_musl/linux-ar71xx_generic/linux-4.4.79/drivers/net/usb/qmi_wwan.c
增加一個函數
struct sk_buff *qmi_wwan_tx_fixup(struct usbnet *dev, struct sk_buff *skb, gfp_t flags) {
if (dev->udev->descriptor.idVendor != cpu_to_le16(0x2C7C))
return skb;
// Skip Ethernet header from message
if (skb_pull(skb, ETH_HLEN)) {
return skb;
} else {
dev_err(&dev->intf->dev, "Packet Dropped ");
}
// Filter the packet out, release it
dev_kfree_skb_any(skb);
return NULL;
};
本來教程還要添加一部分LINUX_VERSION_CODE < KERNEL_VERSION( 3,9,1 )也就是處理內核版本低於3.9.1的，因為已知肯定是高於這個版本了，我就沒有添加了
下來是修改qmi_wwan_bind函數
static int qmi_wwan_bind(struct usbnet *dev, struct usb_interface *intf)
{
int status = -1;
u8 *buf = intf->cur_altsetting->extra;
int len = intf->cur_altsetting->extralen;
...
...
/* make MAC addr easily distinguishable from an IP header */
if (possibly_iphdr(dev->net->dev_addr)) {
dev->net->dev_addr[0] |= 0x02; /* set local assignment bit */
dev->net->dev_addr[0] &= 0xbf; /* clear "IP" bit */
}
dev->net->netdev_ops = &qmi_wwan_netdev_ops;
dev->net->sysfs_groups[0] = &qmi_wwan_sysfs_attr_group;
#if 1 //Added by Quectel
if (dev->udev->descriptor.idVendor == cpu_to_le16(0x2C7C)) {
dev_info(&intf->dev, "Quectel EC25&EC21&EG91&EG95&EG06&EP06&EM06&BG96&AG35 work on RawIP mode\n");
dev->net->flags |= IFF_NOARP;
usb_control_msg(
interface_to_usbdev(intf),
usb_sndctrlpipe(interface_to_usbdev(intf), 0),
0x22, //USB_CDC_REQ_SET_CONTROL_LINE_STATE
0x21, //USB_DIR_OUT | USB_TYPE_CLASS | USB_RECIP_INTERFACE
1, //active CDC DTR
intf->cur_altsetting->desc.bInterfaceNumber,
NULL, 0, 100);
}
#endif
err:
return status;
}
教程里還有一個要修改的函數qmi_wwan_bind_shared，但是在此處不存在，所以不修改
然后是兩個結構體qmi_wwan_info和qmi_wwan_info_quirk_dtr里需要添加
static const struct driver_info qmi_wwan_info = {
.description = "WWAN/QMI device",
.flags = FLAG_WWAN | FLAG_SEND_ZLP,
.bind = qmi_wwan_bind,
.unbind = qmi_wwan_unbind,
.manage_power = qmi_wwan_manage_power,
.rx_fixup = qmi_wwan_rx_fixup,
#if 1 //Added by Quectel
.tx_fixup = qmi_wwan_tx_fixup,
#endif
};
static const struct driver_info qmi_wwan_info_quirk_dtr = {
.description = "WWAN/QMI device",
.flags = FLAG_WWAN | FLAG_SEND_ZLP,
.bind = qmi_wwan_bind,
.unbind = qmi_wwan_unbind,
.manage_power = qmi_wwan_manage_power,
.rx_fixup = qmi_wwan_rx_fixup,
#if 1 //Added by Quectel
.tx_fixup = qmi_wwan_tx_fixup,
#endif
.data = QMI_WWAN_QUIRK_DTR,
};
編譯設置
內核
- Device Drivers ->
- USB Support ->
- USB Serial Converter support ->
- USB driver for GSM and CMDA modems
- Device Drivers →
-*- Network device support →
USB Network Adapters →
{*} Multi-purpose USB Networking Framework
<*> QMI WWAN driver for Qualcomm MSM based 3G and LTE modems
常規
Kernel modules >>
USB Support >>
<*> Kmod -usb-core
-*- Kmod -usb-net
-*- Kmod-usb-net-cdc-ether
<*> Kmod-usb-net-cdc-mbim
-*- Kmod-usb-net-cdc-ncm
<*> Kmod-usb-net-cdc-subset
<*> Kmod-usb-net-qmi-wwan
<*> Kmod-usb-ohci
<*> Kmod-usb-serial
<*> Kmod-usb-serial-option
<*> Kmod-usb-uhci
<*> Kmod-usb2
NetWork >>
<*>wwan
<*>chat
<*>ppp
<*>umbim
Utilities
<*> quectel_cm
<*> usb-modeswitch
Luci
1. Collections
<*> luci
3. Applications
<*> luci-app-multiwan (optional to support multiple 3g dongles)
<*> luci-app-qos (optional to provide QOS support)
6. Protocols
<*> luci-proto-3g
-*- luci-proto-ppp
<*> luci-proto-qmi
其中quectel_cm也是來自https://download.csdn.net/download/jianzhizuo/10749215因為Quectel對於資料方面的管控比較嚴格，這方面我就不私自放出了，不過我查了github上有哈哈哈
編譯好刷入后，在ssh執行quectel_cm &就會開始撥號，並且四海眾聯何錦明發布的源碼是會自動設置dns的，不然還要自己手動設置
撥號成功后ifconfig會看到wwan0這個接口已經有了ip
然后開始ping baidu.com也有結果了
到了這時候，路由器自身已經可以上網了，但是還沒能把網絡轉發給LAN，需要額外創建一個接口，叫什么無所謂，協議選DHCP，接口選wwan0，防火牆選在wan就可以了
<ignore_js_op>
其他相關內容，也是在學習過程中發現的：
采用的模塊型號為移遠EC20 R2.0等同於EC25，兩者PID和VID一致，所以在lsusb時識別為EC25
插上后/dev會出現五個設備，分別是cdc-wdm0，ttyUSB0，ttyUSB1，ttyUSB2，ttyUSB3
其中cdc-wdm0是進行qmi撥號的設備
ttyUSB0是DM接口
ttyUSB1是GPS NMEA信息輸出接口
ttyUSB2是AT指令的接口
ttyUSB3是建立ppp連接或者AT指令的接口
因為ttyUSB2是用來交互AT指令的，所以可以通過cat /dev/ttyUSB2 & 指令來保持這個接口的輸出反饋，然后輸入AT指令來控制模塊
echo -e "AT+QCCID\r\n" >/dev/ttyUSB2 //查詢SIM卡
echo -e "AT+CFUN=1,1\r\n" >/dev/ttyUSB2 //重啟模塊
echo -e "AT+QSIMDET=1\r\n" >/dev/ttyUSB2 //開啟SIM卡熱插拔狀態報告
echo -e "AT+QSIMDET=1,1\r\n" >/dev/ttyUSB2 //開啟SIM卡檢測功能
echo -e "AT+CSQ\r\n" >/dev/ttyUSB2 //查詢信號強度
echo -e "AT+QNWINFO\r\n" >/dev/ttyUSB2 //查詢網絡狀態
echo -e "AT+CGMM\r\n" >/dev/ttyUSB2 //輸出模塊型號
echo -e "AT+CGMI\r\n" >/dev/ttyUSB2 //輸出廠商
echo -e "AT+QCFG=\"NWSCANMODE\",3,1\r\n" >/dev/ttyUSB2 //設置4G LTE only
echo -e "AT+QCFG=\"NWSCANMODE\",2,1\r\n" >/dev/ttyUSB2 //設置3G WCDMA only
echo -e "AT+QCFG=\"NWSCANMODE\",1,1\r\n" >/dev/ttyUSB2 //設置2G GSM only
echo -e "AT+QCFG=\"NWSCANMODE\",0,1\r\n" >/dev/ttyUSB2 //設置自動搜索網絡
添加接口並且綁定域為WAN可以這樣搞：
uci set network.GSM=interface
uci set network.GSM.proto=dhcp
uci set network.GSM.ifname=wwan0
uci commit network
uci set firewall.@zone[1].network='wan wan6 GSM'
uci commie firewall
QCA4028軟件平台啟用雙WAN指導
來源 https://www.cnblogs.com/gierwu-wirelessIoT/p/8572871.html
1 為何要啟用雙WAN
QCA4028的硬件方案，基板上部署了一個LTE模塊插槽，同時又外留了一個USB3.0接口，因此，就可以在此硬件平台上調試基於LTE的雙WAN，預期實現：
A 鏈路備份，在任意一個LTE網絡連接異常時，其下的有線/WiFi無線用戶仍能持續接入上游網絡；
B 負載均衡，盡量讓上行流量均衡分配在2個LTE網絡鏈路上，避免流量其中到單個LTE鏈路。
本文檔中采用LTE模塊為上海移遠的EC2X模塊，USB3.0的LTE模塊轉接板來自T寶，它自帶了SIM卡槽。
2 具體操作
在QSDK軟件工程代碼中選中"muliiwan"組件，作為雙wan的監護進程，它缺省是不啟用的，非常好調試。在確保2個LTE模塊都能成功保證WiFi用戶上網后，再來調試雙WAN功能更加有效。本次調試中發現EC系列的模塊，它的wwanX接口的MAC地址是隨機的，每次都不一樣，此外，2個wwan接口的MAC地址還是一樣的，開始調不通時為這個折騰了好久，后來才發現MAC一樣對用戶上網也沒有關系（這個問題可能會埋伏了深層BUG，有待持續改進）。
mutliwan在同QSDK的配合中，發現提取不到網卡的IP地址和網關地址，導致錯誤將2個WAN鏈路都定位為offline，從而會出現將resolv.conf.auto清空，將default gateway條目刪除掉，導致無法上網。規避方法是：在acquire_wan_data中，在ipaddr和gateway都為x后，再直接到網卡上取ip和gw值。WiFi用戶上網時，會發現打不開頁面或網站的情況，這個是因為QSDK固件中用了dnsmasq，而它需要真實的DNS配合進行解析，refresh_dns中頻繁地清空resolv.conf.auto文件，可能會導致dnsmasq工作異常，規避方法是：不讓refresh_dns頻繁操作resolv.conf.auto，而改為操作一個新臨時文件，只有當這個新臨時文件不為空，且與現有的resolv.conf.auto不同時，再將新臨時文件替換resolv.conf.auto，並重啟dnsmasq，這樣就穩定了。此外，針對monitor_wan，其現有實現對LTE網絡是不適合的，因為LTE網絡可能已經斷開了，但IP和網關卻依舊存在的，所以，這里需要讓它每次都進入add_task，要不在人工將某個wan口down下來后，監控進程都不處理，導致WIFi用戶上網失敗。
另一方面，就是WAN口的up需要重新優化，在QSDK中，如果不啟用multiwan服務，則缺省路由是后啟動網卡所對應的缺省路由，且只有一條缺省路由條目，導致你將這個唯一的缺省路由網卡關閉后，WiFi用戶就上不了網。這個不是multiwan引入，但也需要規避。可以在定期任務中檢查route條目來解決，檢查缺省路由條目和帶UH標識條目，確保他倆一樣即可。但multiwan確實還是引入了問題的，其一：運行中關閉multiwan服務后，會將default路由條目刪除掉，導致用戶無法上網；其二：WAN接口上線成功后，不會更新dns和缺省路由條目，但它明明檢測了新wan口，且狀態是online了。規避方法是：在multiwan被stop后，重構路由條目（也可在定時任務中檢測路由條目）；在網卡更新IP后，立即重啟multiwan服務。但重啟multiwan服務它會重構路由表，可能會導致ping包時延波動或丟包，游戲用戶可能會影響體驗。
3 驗證結果
- 路由信息表
- 頁面顯示雙WAN正常
- 負載均衡顯示有效
4 結論
利用Multiwan來實現雙WAN管控是可行的，具體使用時，還需要為目標環境進行簡單修改，可能無法做到拿來即可用。
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