注：下文中-u elastic:123456是為了適應本機設上了密碼的ES，如讀者的沒有設置，那么請忽略這部分內容。
【查看索引信息】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -XGET 'localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v'
反饋：
health status index uuid pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size green open .security-7 c3ozcN3FRAyYEgn2V21ypA 1 0 7 0 25.7kb 25.7kb
【顯示node節點信息】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -XGET 'localhost:9200/_cat/nodes?v'
反饋：
ip heap.percent ram.percent cpu load_1m load_5m load_15m node.role master name 192.168.32.130 48 93 3 0.00 0.10 0.13 cdhilmrstw * node-1
【查看集群健康狀況】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -XGET 'localhost:9200/_cat/health?v'
反饋：
epoch timestamp cluster status node.total node.data shards pri relo init unassign pending_tasks max_task_wait_time active_shards_percent 1650113556 12:52:36 liangshan green 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 - 100.0%
以上三個命令都是非業務相關，只關注業務的可以先跳過。
【CRUD之插數據】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPUT 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/1?pretty' -d' {"name":"songjiang","age":"45","salary":"100000","hire-date":"2002-1-1T12:12:12","title":"boss"}'
反饋：
{ "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "1", "_version" : 1, "result" : "created", "_shards" : { "total" : 2, "successful" : 1, "failed" : 0 }, "_seq_no" : 0, "_primary_term" : 1 }
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPUT 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/2?pretty' -d' {"name":"wuyong","age":"44","salary":"90000","hire-date":"2001-1-1T12:12:12","title":"manager"}'
反饋：
"_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "2", "_version" : 1, "result" : "created", "_shards" : { "total" : 2, "successful" : 1, "failed" : 0 }, "_seq_no" : 1, "_primary_term" : 1 }
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPUT 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/3?pretty' -d' {"name":"likui","age":"43","salary":"80000","hire-date":"2000-1-1T12:12:12","title":"killer","skill":"axe-wing"}'
反饋：
{ "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "3", "_version" : 1, "result" : "created", "_shards" : { "total" : 2, "successful" : 1, "failed" : 0 }, "_seq_no" : 4, "_primary_term" : 1 }
通過以上三次插值操作，就給梁山公司添加了三名雇員：宋江、吳用和李逵。
【CRUD之找出全部雇員】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/_search?pretty'
反饋：
{ "took" : 940, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 3, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 1.0, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "1", "_score" : 1.0, "_source" : { "name" : "songjiang", "age" : "45", "salary" : "100000", "hire-date" : "2002-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "boss" } }, { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "2", "_score" : 1.0, "_source" : { "name" : "wuyong", "age" : "44", "salary" : "90000", "hire-date" : "2001-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "manager" } }, { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "3", "_score" : 1.0, "_source" : { "name" : "likui", "age" : "43", "salary" : "80000", "hire-date" : "2000-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "killer", "skill" : "axe-wing" } } ] } }
【CRUD之按名稱找雇員】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/_search?q=name:likui&pretty'
反饋：
{ "took" : 110, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 1, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 0.9808291, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "3", "_score" : 0.9808291, "_source" : { "name" : "likui", "age" : "43", "salary" : "80000", "hire-date" : "2000-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "killer", "skill" : "axe-wing" } } ] } }
可以看到，還真把逵子找出來了。
按名稱查詢的另一種方式：
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/_search?pretty' -d' { "query":{ "match":{ "name":"likui" } } }'
反饋：
{ "took" : 12, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 1, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 0.9808291, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "3", "_score" : 0.9808291, "_source" : { "name" : "likui", "age" : "43", "salary" : "80000", "hire-date" : "2000-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "killer", "skill" : "axe-wing" } } ] } }
這樣也可找出逵子。
【CRUD之按年齡過濾】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/_search?pretty' -d' { "query":{ "bool":{ "filter":{ "range":{ "age":{"gt":"43"} } } } } }'
反饋：
{ "took" : 67, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 2, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 0.0, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "1", "_score" : 0.0, "_source" : { "name" : "songjiang", "age" : "45", "salary" : "100000", "hire-date" : "2002-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "boss" } }, { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "2", "_score" : 0.0, "_source" : { "name" : "wuyong", "age" : "44", "salary" : "90000", "hire-date" : "2001-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "manager" } } ] } }
想找43歲以上員工，於是45歲的宋江和44歲的吳用就被找出來了，43的逵子自然不在列。
【CRUD之按id找出數據】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/3?pretty'
反饋：
{ "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "3", "_version" : 2, "_seq_no" : 7, "_primary_term" : 1, "found" : true, "_source" : { "name" : "likui", "age" : "43", "salary" : "80000", "hire-date" : "2000-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "killer", "skill" : "axe-wing" } }
命令目的是查找李逵，還真找到了。
【CRUD之 按名字查找】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/_search?q=name:likui&pretty'
反饋:
{ "took" : 638, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 1, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 0.9808291, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "3", "_score" : 0.9808291, "_source" : { "name" : "likui", "age" : "43", "salary" : "80000", "hire-date" : "2000-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "killer", "skill" : "axe-wing" } } ] } }
【CRUD之按技能查找】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/_search?q=skill:axe-wing&pretty'
反饋：
{ "took" : 36, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 1, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 0.5753642, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "3", "_score" : 0.5753642, "_source" : { "name" : "likui", "age" : "43", "salary" : "80000", "hire-date" : "2000-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "killer", "skill" : "axe-wing" } } ] } }
只有李逵一人有技能，名為旋風斧，還真找到了。
【CRUD之按年齡范圍查找】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/_search?pretty' -d' { "query":{ "range":{ "age":{"from":"43","to":"44"} } } }'
反饋：
{ "took" : 45, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 2, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 1.0, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "2", "_score" : 1.0, "_source" : { "name" : "wuyong", "age" : "44", "salary" : "90000", "hire-date" : "2001-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "manager" } }, { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "3", "_score" : 1.0, "_source" : { "name" : "likui", "age" : "43", "salary" : "80000", "hire-date" : "2000-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "killer", "skill" : "axe-wing" } } ] } }
43是李逵，44是吳用，還真找到了這兩人。
【CRUD之按薪水范圍查找】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/_search?pretty' -d' { "query":{ "range":{ "salary":{"from":"75000","to":"85000"} } } }'
輸出：
{ "took" : 11, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 1, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 1.0, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "3", "_score" : 1.0, "_source" : { "name" : "likui", "age" : "43", "salary" : "80000", "hire-date" : "2000-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "killer", "skill" : "axe-wing" } } ] } }
薪水在七萬五到八萬之間的只有逵子，還真給找出來了。
【CRUD之刪除記錄】
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -XDELETE 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/2?pretty'
反饋：
{ "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "2", "_version" : 5, "result" : "deleted", "_shards" : { "total" : 2, "successful" : 1, "failed" : 0 }, "_seq_no" : 8, "_primary_term" : 1 }
確認是否刪除掉了：
curl -u elastic:123456 -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/2?pretty'
反饋：
{ "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "2", "found" : false }
【全文搜索之匹配】
這種模式能拆分短語，然后進行匹配。
首先我們需要創建三條數據：
curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPUT 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/4?pretty' -d' {"name":"linchong","age":"42","salary":"70000","hire-date":"1999-1-1T12:12:12","title":"clerk","interest":"rock climbming"}' curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPUT 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/5?pretty' -d' {"name":"wusong","age":"41","salary":"60000","hire-date":"1998-1-1T12:12:12","title":"clerk","interest":"hunting"}' curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPUT 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/6?pretty' -d' {"name":"huarong","age":"40","salary":"50000","hire-date":"1997-1-1T12:12:12","title":"clerk","interest":"rock discovery"}'
然后找興趣為攀岩的，命令是：
curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/_search?pretty' -d' { "query":{ "match":{ "interest":"rock climbming" } } }'
反饋是：
{ "took" : 243, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 2, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 1.2832261, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "4", "_score" : 1.2832261, "_source" : { "name" : "linchong", "age" : "42", "salary" : "70000", "hire-date" : "1999-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "clerk", "interest" : "rock climbming" } }, { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "6", "_score" : 0.4889865, "_source" : { "name" : "huarong", "age" : "40", "salary" : "50000", "hire-date" : "1997-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "clerk", "interest" : "rock discovery" } } ] } }
可以看到，林沖和花榮都被找出來了，他們按相關性高低排序，林沖得分1.28，他的興趣與查詢關鍵詞匹配度較高；花榮得分0.48，他的興趣只與關鍵詞有部分匹配。
這種查詢方式在傳統數據庫上實現起來已經很困難了。
【全文檢索之短語匹配】
這種模式不進行關鍵詞拆分，而是去看全文中包含完整短語的匹配。
命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/_search?pretty' -d' { "query":{ "match_phrase":{ "interest":"rock discovery" } } }'
反饋：
{ "took" : 31, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 1, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 1.7466557, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "6", "_score" : 1.7466557, "_source" : { "name" : "huarong", "age" : "40", "salary" : "50000", "hire-date" : "1997-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "clerk", "interest" : "rock discovery" } } ] } }
結果花榮被找出來了。
【高亮搜索】
首先我們更新一下花榮的數據：
curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPUT 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/6?pretty' -d' {"name":"huarong","age":"40","salary":"50000","hire-date":"1997-1-1T12:12:12","title":"clerk","interest":"He likes rock discovery on spare time."}'
高亮搜索命令：
curl -u elastic:123456 -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XGET 'localhost:9200/liangshan/emp/_search?pretty' -d' { "query":{ "match_phrase":{ "interest":"rock discovery" } }, "highlight":{ "fields":{ "interest":{} } } }'
反饋:
{ "took" : 493, "timed_out" : false, "_shards" : { "total" : 1, "successful" : 1, "skipped" : 0, "failed" : 0 }, "hits" : { "total" : { "value" : 1, "relation" : "eq" }, "max_score" : 0.8474333, "hits" : [ { "_index" : "liangshan", "_type" : "emp", "_id" : "6", "_score" : 0.8474333, "_source" : { "name" : "huarong", "age" : "40", "salary" : "50000", "hire-date" : "1997-1-1T12:12:12", "title" : "clerk", "interest" : "He likes rock discovery on spare time." }, "highlight" : { "interest" : [ "He likes <em>rock</em> <em>discovery</em> on spare time." ] } } ] } }
可以看到查詢結果中多了一個highlight的部分，這個部分包含了interest屬性匹配的文本部分，並以HTML標簽<em></em>封裝。
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