下載 CentOS-Stream-8 qcow2 鏡像文件
curl -O https://cloud.centos.org/centos/8-stream/x86_64/images/CentOS-Stream-GenericCloud-8-20220125.1.x86_64.qcow2
sha256sum
SHA256 (CentOS-Stream-GenericCloud-8-20220125.1.x86_64.qcow2) = a25560ab39e10594ee7a4a1dadcba7bf303b7c3c41559b4a7fc3c522540a6672
在宿主上通過 openssh 命令生成加密密碼，如：
[root@172-16-20-18 ~]# openssl passwd -1 123456 $1$C7lylF/z$zl7lH47UASlC2tJhO.BGx0
使用 guestfish 進入交互命令界面后依次執行run、list-filesystems、mount等指令
[root@172-16-20-18 wangrui]# guestfish --rw -a CentOS-Stream-GenericCloud-8-20220125.1.x86_64.qcow2 Welcome to guestfish, the guest filesystem shell for editing virtual machine filesystems and disk images. Type: ‘help’ for help on commands ‘man’ to read the manual ‘quit’ to quit the shell ><fs> run ><fs> list-filesystems /dev/sda1: xfs ><fs> mount /dev/sda1 / ><fs>
編輯 /etc/shadow，修改 root 用戶密碼
><fs> vi /etc/shadow
內容如下：
root:!!:19017:0:99999:7::: bin:*:18397:0:99999:7::: daemon:*:18397:0:99999:7::: adm:*:18397:0:99999:7::: lp:*:18397:0:99999:7::: sync:*:18397:0:99999:7::: shutdown:*:18397:0:99999:7::: halt:*:18397:0:99999:7::: mail:*:18397:0:99999:7::: operator:*:18397:0:99999:7::: games:*:18397:0:99999:7::: ftp:*:18397:0:99999:7::: nobody:*:18397:0:99999:7::: dbus:!!:19017:::::: systemd-coredump:!!:19017:::::: systemd-resolve:!!:19017:::::: tss:!!:19017:::::: polkitd:!!:19017:::::: unbound:!!:19017:::::: rpc:!!:19017:0:99999:7::: sssd:!!:19017:::::: setroubleshoot:!!:19017:::::: rpcuser:!!:19017:::::: cockpit-ws:!!:19017:::::: cockpit-wsinstance:!!:19017:::::: chrony:!!:19017:::::: sshd:!!:19017:::::: rngd:!!:19017::::::
將第一行兩個 ":" 之間的內容替換加密密碼
$1$C7lylF/z$zl7lH47UASlC2tJhO.BGx0
完了第一行的內容為：
root:$1$C7lylF/z$zl7lH47UASlC2tJhO.BGx0:19017:0:99999:7:::
保存退出
重新生成時區軟連接
><fs> rm /etc/localtime ><fs> ln /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
編輯 rc.local 設置 sshd_config 配置
><fs> vi /etc/rc.local
增加如下內容：
sed -i 's/PasswordAuthentication no/PasswordAuthentication yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config systrmctl restart sshd
授予可執行權限
><fs> chmod 0755 /etc/rc.local
quit 退出
><fs> quit
完了就可以上傳 qcow2 到 openstack 投遞虛擬機或者直接本地使用 virsh 啟動 kvm 虛擬機，如：
virt-install \ --virt-type kvm \ --name CentOS-Stream-GenericCloud-8-20220125.1.x86_64 \ --memory 4096 \ --vcpus 2 \ --import \ --hvm \ --disk CentOS-Stream-GenericCloud-8-20220125.1.x86_64.qcow2,size=50 \ --bridge=br1 \ --graphics vnc,listen=0.0.0.0 \ --video vga \ --noautoconsole \ --os-type=linux \ --os-variant=centos8
開啟 vnc 使用 vncviewer 進行驗證
virsh vncdisplay CentOS-Stream-GenericCloud-8-20220125.1.x86_64