【ElasticSearch】索引模板(一)

背景　　

　　由於需要存儲風控審核相關的數據，審核數據原數據是保存在MySQL，數據量太大，按月分表，分表后導致后台無法跨月查詢，因此將數據同步到ElasticSearch中

　　為了合理的划分索引的大小，需要將對應的ElasticSearch索引也按月創建索引，將對應的MySQL月份表數據同步到ES月份索引中，所有的ElasticSearch 按月創建的索引使用同一個別名，后台查詢統一使用索引別名查詢，這樣就解決了MySQL按月分表后無法進行跨月查詢的問題

 

測試代碼

　　為需要按月創建的索引，創建指定的索引模板

　　1.創建模板 test_template，指定索引別名為test，以及對應的mapping

           template屬性表示 在創建以 “test”開頭的索引時，會自動使用該模板

# 模板
PUT /_template/test_template
{
  "template": "test*",
  "settings": {
    "number_of_shards": 10
  },
  "mappings": {
    "data": {
      "_source": {
        "enabled": false
      },
      "properties": {
        "name": {
          "type": "keyword"
        },
        "id": {
          "type": "long"
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "aliases": {
    "test": {}
  }
}

　　模板創建完成后，可以使用API查詢模板詳情

GET /_template/test_template

　　2.創建索引 test2和test1

PUT test1
PUT test2

　　由於索引test1和索引test2匹配到模板test_template，會自動套用該模板屬性

　　因此查詢test1和test2索引詳情可以看到，與模板屬性一致

　　test1索引詳情

{
  "test1" : {
    "aliases" : {
      "test" : { }
    },
    "mappings" : {
      "data" : {
        "_source" : {
          "enabled" : false
        },
        "properties" : {
          "id" : {
            "type" : "long"
          },
          "name" : {
            "type" : "keyword"
          }
        }
      }
    },
    "settings" : {
      "index" : {
        "creation_date" : "1646624507395",
        "number_of_shards" : "10",
        "number_of_replicas" : "1",
        "uuid" : "5qbPh-QsQ2SNzKqNGL401Q",
        "version" : {
          "created" : "6080799"
        },
        "provided_name" : "test1"
      }
    }
  }
}

　　test2索引詳情

{
  "test2" : {
    "aliases" : {
      "test" : { }
    },
    "mappings" : {
      "data" : {
        "_source" : {
          "enabled" : false
        },
        "properties" : {
          "id" : {
            "type" : "long"
          },
          "name" : {
            "type" : "keyword"
          }
        }
      }
    },
    "settings" : {
      "index" : {
        "creation_date" : "1646624657372",
        "number_of_shards" : "10",
        "number_of_replicas" : "1",
        "uuid" : "t0irKTFQT9qU_F5m_v7RlA",
        "version" : {
          "created" : "6080799"
        },
        "provided_name" : "test2"
      }
    }
  }
}

　　3.為test1和test2添加數據

POST test1/_doc/1
{
  "id":1,
  "name":"test1-aaaa"
}

POST test1/_doc/2
{
  "id":2,
  "name":"test1-bbbb"
}
POST test2/_doc/1
{
  "id":1,
  "name":"test2-aaaa"
}

POST test2/_doc/2
{
  "id":2,
  "name":"test2-bbbb"
}

　　4.通過別名test查詢,可以查詢test1和test2全部數據

GET test/_search

{
  "took" : 0,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 40,
    "successful" : 40,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : 4,
    "max_score" : 1.0,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "test1",
        "_type" : "data",
        "_id" : "1",
        "_score" : 1.0
      },
      {
        "_index" : "test2",
        "_type" : "data",
        "_id" : "1",
        "_score" : 1.0
      },
      {
        "_index" : "test1",
        "_type" : "data",
        "_id" : "2",
        "_score" : 1.0
      },
      {
        "_index" : "test2",
        "_type" : "data",
        "_id" : "2",
        "_score" : 1.0
      }
    ]
  }
}