Centos7離線安裝mysql8

linux版本：Centois7

mysql版本：mysql-8.0.16 主要版本要一致

1、下載

下載地址 ：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

選擇：

2、將tar包上傳至服務器

3、刪除原來的mariadb

先查看一下是否已經安裝了，命令：rpm -qa|grep mariadb
刪除mariadb，命令：rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs

4、解壓mysql離線安裝包

cd /home/soft

tar -xvf mysql-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

解壓后包含如下rpm包：

mysql-community-libs-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

5、安裝rpm

逐個安裝，命令如下：

【必須安裝】

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

【非必須安裝】

rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-test-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm

錯誤1：

warning: mysql-community-devel-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
    pkgconfig(openssl) is needed by mysql-community-devel-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64

解決方法1：

yum install openssl-devel.x86_64 openssl.x86_64 -y

 

錯誤2：

warning: mysql-community-test-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
    perl(Data::Dumper) is needed by mysql-community-test-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64
    perl(JSON) is needed by mysql-community-test-8.0.16-2.el7.x86_64

解決方法2：

yum install perl.x86_64 perl-devel.x86_64 -y

yum install perl-JSON.noarch -y

yum -y install autoconf

6、mysql服務指令

mysql -V   看長安裝版本

systemctl status mysqld 查看狀態

systemctl start mysqld  啟動mysql

systemctl stop mysqld   停止mysql

7、初始化mysql

關掉mysql：

systemctl stop mysqld

 

初始化先先編輯my.cnf文件：

vim /etc/my.cnf

在文件末尾追加內容：

#無密碼登錄
skip-grant-tables

#忽略大小寫
lower_case_table_names=1

最后初始化：

mysqld --initialize --console --lower-case-table-names=1

8、目錄授權

chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/

授權完啟動mysql:

systemctl start mysqld

9、mysql操作

登錄mysql:

mysql -u root -p  注意：直接回車掉過密碼輸入

登錄如果操作報錯：

--必須先執行 flush privileges，否則會報The MySQL server is running with the --skip-grant-tables option so it cannot execute this statement

需要先執行指令：

flush privileges;

修改密碼：

alter USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

授權遠程連接：

show databases;

use mysql;

select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user;

update user set host = "%" where user='root';

select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from user;

flush privileges;

 

嘗試遠程登錄：

遠程登錄前需要指定防火牆訪問端口，這步驟這里先忽略，不動可以去參考 url

解決辦法：

mysql -u root -p（回車后，輸入更改后的密碼123456）

use mysql;

alter USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';

flush privileges;

 

最后記得，把etc/my.cnf 中的   skip-grant-tables 注釋掉，重啟mysql就可以使用了。