解決：修改本地數據庫的字符集更改為ZHS16GBK
1，查看數據庫的字符集 select * from v$nls_parameters;
公司是ZHS16GBK
本地是
2，修改本地oracle字符集為ZHS16GBK
1.cmd下,cd到oracle數據庫軟件的服務器端 如：D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\BIN
2.輸入set ORACLE_SID=你想進入的數據庫的那個sid
3.輸入 sqlplus /nolog
4.將數據庫啟動到RESTRICTED模式下做字符集更改：
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 236000356 bytes
Fixed Size 451684 bytes
Variable Size 201326592 bytes
Database Buffers 33554432 bytes
Redo Buffers 667648 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;
System altered.
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;
System altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK;
ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set
提示我們的字符集：新字符集必須為舊字符集的超集，這時我們可以跳過超集的檢查做更改：
SQL> ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK;
Database altered.
SQL> select * from v$nls_parameters;
略
19 rows selected.
重啟檢查是否更改完成：
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 236000356 bytes
Fixed Size 451684 bytes
Variable Size 201326592 bytes
Database Buffers 33554432 bytes
Redo Buffers 667648 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> select * from v$nls_parameters;
至此修改成功，
打開navicat 卻報錯 如下ORA-29275:partial multibyte character
解決：把本地環境變量NLS_LANG的值改成所修改的字符集格式
重新打開navicat，，解決問題！