[虛擬化]虛擬機 XML 配置

虛擬機 XML 配置示例

虛擬機的 XML 配置(也稱為 域 XML )決定虛擬機的設置和組件。下表顯示了虛擬機(VM)的 XML 配置示例並解釋了其內容。

要獲取虛擬機的 XML 配置，您可以使用 virsh dumpxml 命令，后跟虛擬機的名稱。

virsh dumpxml demo-guest1

XML 配置示例和解釋

<domain type='kvm' id='13'>
  <name>demo-guest1</name>
  <uuid>409fc837-ef54-48c9-9a47-c62fe383d33d</uuid>
  <!-- guset可以使用的最大內存，以KB為單位 -->  
  <memory unit='KiB'>2097152</memory>
  <!-- guest啟動時內存，可以通過virsh setmem來調整內存，但不能大於最大可使用內存 -->  
  <currentMemory unit='KiB'>2097152</currentMemory>
  <!-- 分配的虛擬cpu --> 
  <vcpu placement='static'>2</vcpu>
  <resource>
    <partition>/machine</partition>
  </resource>
  <os>
    <type arch='x86_64' machine='pc-i440fx-rhel7.0.0'>hvm</type>
    <boot dev='hd'/>
  </os>
  <features>
    <acpi/>
    <apic/>
  <!-- 處理器特性 --> 
  </features>
  <cpu mode='custom' match='exact' check='full'>
    <model fallback='forbid'>Skylake-Server-IBRS</model>
    <feature policy='require' name='md-clear'/>
    <feature policy='require' name='spec-ctrl'/>
    <feature policy='require' name='ssbd'/>
    <feature policy='require' name='hypervisor'/>
    <feature policy='disable' name='arat'/>
  </cpu>
  <!-- 時鍾, 使用本地時間: utc --> 
  <clock offset='utc'>
    <timer name='rtc' tickpolicy='catchup'/>
    <timer name='pit' tickpolicy='delay'/>
    <timer name='hpet' present='no'/>
  </clock>
  <!-- 定義了在kvm環境中crash時的默認的動作分別為destroy和restart。
    destroy：停止該虛擬機。相當於關閉電源。
    restart: 重啟虛擬機 -->  
  <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
  <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
  <on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
  <pm>
    <suspend-to-mem enabled='no'/>
    <suspend-to-disk enabled='no'/>
  </pm>
  <!-- 設備定義開始 -->
  <devices>
    <!-- 模擬器，此處路徑為qemu-kvm絕對路徑 -->
    <emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator>
    <!-- 用於kvm啟動或者存儲的文件,啟動設備為：/image/UCarApp1/UCarApp1_clone-disk1.raw -->
    <disk type='file' device='disk'>
      <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
      <source file='/image/UCarApp1/UCarApp1_clone-disk1.raw'/>
      <backingStore/>
      <target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/>
      <!-- 可通過--disk 修改磁盤總線類型為ide --disk UCarApp1_clone-disk1.raw,bus=ide -->
      <alias name='virtio-disk0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x06' function='0x0'/>
    </disk>
    <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-ehci1'>
      <alias name='usb'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x7'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci1'>
      <alias name='usb'/>
      <master startport='0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0' multifunction='on'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci2'>
      <alias name='usb'/>
      <master startport='2'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x1'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci3'>
      <alias name='usb'/>
      <master startport='4'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x2'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='0' model='pci-root'>
      <alias name='pci.0'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='virtio-serial' index='0'>
      <alias name='virtio-serial0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0'/>
    </controller>
    <!-- 采用普通的驅動，即硬盤和網卡都采用默認配置情況下，網卡工作在 模擬的rtl 8139 網卡下，速度為100M 全雙工。采用 virtio 驅動后，網卡工作在 1000M 的模式下 -->
    <interface type='bridge'>
      <mac address='52:54:00:bc:1b:74'/>
      <source bridge='br0'/>
      <target dev='vnet6'/>
      <model type='virtio'/>
      <alias name='net0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>
    </interface>
    <serial type='pty'>
      <source path='/dev/pts/11'/>
      <target type='isa-serial' port='0'>
        <model name='isa-serial'/>
      </target>
      <alias name='serial0'/>
    </serial>
    <console type='pty' tty='/dev/pts/11'>
      <source path='/dev/pts/11'/>
      <target type='serial' port='0'/>
      <alias name='serial0'/>
    </console>
    <channel type='unix'>
      <source mode='bind' path='/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/channel/target/domain-13-demo-guest1/org.qemu.guest_agent.0'/>
      <target type='virtio' name='org.qemu.guest_agent.0' state='disconnected'/>
      <alias name='channel0'/>
      <address type='virtio-serial' controller='0' bus='0' port='1'/>
    </channel>
    <!-- 輸入設備 -->
    <input type='tablet' bus='usb'>
      <alias name='input0'/>
      <address type='usb' bus='0' port='1'/>
    </input>
    <!-- 輸入設備 -->
    <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'>
      <alias name='input1'/>
    </input>
    <input type='keyboard' bus='ps2'>
      <alias name='input2'/>
    </input>
    <!-- 定義與guset交互的圖形設備。在這個例子中，使用vnc協議。listen的地址為0.0.0.0的地址。prot為5903,通過以下的命令查找端口號: virsh vncdisplay guestName -->
    <graphics type='vnc' port='5903' autoport='yes' listen='0.0.0.0'>
      <listen type='address' address='0.0.0.0'/>
    </graphics>
    <video>
      <model type='cirrus' vram='16384' heads='1' primary='yes'/>
      <alias name='video0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/>
    </video>
    <memballoon model='virtio'>
      <alias name='balloon0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x07' function='0x0'/>
    </memballoon>
    <rng model='virtio'>
      <backend model='random'>/dev/urandom</backend>
      <alias name='rng0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x08' function='0x0'/>
    </rng>
  <!-- 設備定義結束 -->
  </devices>
  <seclabel type='dynamic' model='selinux' relabel='yes'>
    <label>system_u:system_r:svirt_t:s0:c47,c808</label>
    <imagelabel>system_u:object_r:svirt_image_t:s0:c47,c808</imagelabel>
  </seclabel>
  <seclabel type='dynamic' model='dac' relabel='yes'>
    <label>+107:+107</label>
    <imagelabel>+107:+107</imagelabel>
  </seclabel>
</domain>