winform是一老技術，感覺都有點掉牙了（我近20年前就是從winform開始接觸.net的）；blazor，是微軟技術圈里的新寵，正在被悉心照顧。當這一老一少的技術碰撞后，會有什么火花？
.net v6.0.0-preview.3，給winform和blazor結合帶來了前提。https://github.com/axzxs2001/Asp.NetCoreExperiment/tree/master/Asp.NetCoreExperiment/Blazor/BlazorWinForm 是我寫的一個簡單的demo，在winform窗體中引入blazor。
先看一下長什么樣：
是一個簡單的用助記碼查詢葯品的例子，輸入框查詢按鈕，table的樣式都是Bootstrap5.0的，外層是一個winform的Form窗體。
具體實現，先看項目文件csproj的不一樣：Sdk要換成Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Razor，然后是要通過nuget引入這些包。
<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Razor">
<PropertyGroup>
<OutputType>WinExe</OutputType>
<TargetFramework>net6.0-windows</TargetFramework>
<UseWindowsForms>true</UseWindowsForms>
</PropertyGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<PackageReference Include="Dapper" Version="2.0.78" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.WebView.WindowsForms" Version="6.0.0-preview.3.21201.13" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection" Version="6.0.0-preview.3.21201.4" />
<PackageReference Include="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Razor" Version="5.0.0-preview.8.20414.8" />
<PackageReference Include="System.Data.SqlClient" Version="4.8.2" />
</ItemGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<Content Update="wwwroot\app.css">
<CopyToOutputDirectory>Always</CopyToOutputDirectory>
</Content>
<Content Update="wwwroot\Query.razor">
<CopyToOutputDirectory>Always</CopyToOutputDirectory>
</Content>
<Content Update="wwwroot\css\bootstrap.min.css">
<CopyToOutputDirectory>Always</CopyToOutputDirectory>
</Content>
<Content Update="wwwroot\index.html">
<CopyToOutputDirectory>Always</CopyToOutputDirectory>
</Content>
<Content Update="wwwroot\js\bootstrap.min.js">
<CopyToOutputDirectory>Always</CopyToOutputDirectory>
</Content>
</ItemGroup>
<ItemGroup>
<None Update="wwwroot\app.css">
<CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
</None>
<None Update="wwwroot\Query.razor">
<CopyToOutputDirectory>Always</CopyToOutputDirectory>
</None>
<None Update="wwwroot\index.html">
<CopyToOutputDirectory>Always</CopyToOutputDirectory>
</None>
</ItemGroup>
</Project>
通過csproj也知道，我是添加了wwwroot文件夾，並添加了一些前端文件：
index.html是一個模板頁，引入一些css和js
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no" />
<title>Blazor app</title>
<base href="/" />
<link href="{PROJECT NAME}.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<link href="app.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<link href="css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" />
</head>
<body>
<div id="app" class="container"></div>
<div id="blazor-error-ui">
An unhandled error has occurred.
<a href="" class="reload">Reload</a>
<a class="dismiss">🗙</a>
</div>
<script src="_framework/blazor.webview.js"></script>
<script src="js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
css和js就不說了，是前端的文件，重點看query.razor，這里實現了主要業務邏輯，業務數據+UI表現
@using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.Web
@using Dapper
@using System.Data.SqlClient;
<div class="row">
<div class="col-1"></div>
<div class="col-10">
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<input type="text" class="form-control" id="zjm" placeholder="請輸入助記碼" @bind="ZJM" aria-describedby="button-addon2">
<button class="btn btn-outline-secondary" type="button" @onclick="GetGoods" id="button-addon2">查詢</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-1"></div>
</div>
@code {
private string ZJM { get; set; }
List<Goods> list = new List<Goods>();
void GetGoods()
{
using (var con = new SqlConnection(System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["sqlcon"].ConnectionString))
{
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(ZJM))
{
list = con.Query<Goods>("select top 30 spid,spmch,shpchd,shpgg from spkfk ").ToList();
}
else
{
list = con.Query<Goods>("select top 30 spid,spmch,shpchd,shpgg from spkfk where zjm like @zjm ",new {zjm="%"+ZJM+"%" }).ToList();
}
}
}
}
<div class="row">
<table class="table table-striped table-hover">
<thead>
<tr class="table-dark">
<th scope="col">編號</th>
<th scope="col">名稱</th>
<th scope="col">產地</th>
<th scope="col">規格</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
@foreach (var item in list)
{
<tr>
<td>@item.spid</td>
<td>@item.spmch</td>
<td>@item.shpchd</td>
<td>@item.shpgg</td>
</tr>
}
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
怎么引入到form窗體中呢？這里有點像之前的winform中引入一個webview，這里換成了BlazorWebView。
using BlazorWinForm.wwwroot;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Components.WebView.WindowsForms;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace BlazorWinForm
{
public partial class frmMain : Form
{
public frmMain()
{
InitializeComponent();
var serviceCollection = new ServiceCollection();
serviceCollection.AddBlazorWebView();
var blazor = new BlazorWebView()
{
Dock = DockStyle.Fill,
HostPage = "wwwroot/index.html",
Services = serviceCollection.BuildServiceProvider(),
};
blazor.AutoScroll = false;
blazor.RootComponents.Add<Query>("#app");
Controls.Add(blazor);
}
}
class Goods
{
public string spid { get; set; }
public string spmch { get; set; }
public string shpchd { get; set; }
public string shpgg { get; set; }
}
}
總體下來，這種把winform+c#+html,css,js混合起來編程，即把豐富的前端框架引入進來，讓winform表現更加靈活，強大，也不丟失cs架構對當前電腦的控制力(有很多行業是通過exe來對接專有設備的驅動的)。winform的UI之前是通過三方UI控件比如DevExpress來增強的，雖然有WPF，但還是在微軟自己畫的一個圈圈里轉，blazor則是帶來了豐富的前端庫。另外，與之前winform嵌入webview不一樣的是，blazor中的c#，可以方便的和winform來互動，語言相通，直接交流，比如你可以很輕松的在blazor的頁里里new一個form出來。
Blazor進winform，是雞肋還是革新？應該是仁者見仁，智者見智了。
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