一、使用docker-compose快速部署Prometheus+grafana環境

本文轉載自查看原文 2022-01-14 18:18 4335 Golang/ 監控/ Prometheus/ Grafana

由於最近公司服務頻繁出問題，老板很生氣，下面的人都很不好過，於是老大讓加一下業務監控，來觀察線上數據狀態。
但是由於qa環境數據量太少，所以自己搭建了一套環境做相關監控，並且寫了個腳本模仿生產上的數據，並且做了很多指標，寫了一些Grafana的PromQL語法，網上的資料也很少，我就來補充一下，這個下一章再講。

注意：
docker和docker-compose請自行下載安裝

創建相關目錄並給予權限，持久化目錄需要給777權限，否則容器啟動失敗

cd ~ && mkdir prometheus && chmod 777 prometheus
cd prometheus && mkdir grafana_data prometheus_data && chmod 777 grafana_data prometheus_data

vim docker-compose.yml

version: "3.7"
services:
  node-exporter:
    image: prom/node-exporter:latest
    container_name: "node-exporter0"
    ports:
      - "9100:9100"
    restart: always
  prometheus:
    image: prom/prometheus:latest
    container_name: "prometheus0"
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "9090:9090"
    volumes:
      - "./prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml"
      - "./prometheus_data:/prometheus"
  grafana:
    image: grafana/grafana
    container_name: "grafana0"
    ports:
      - "3000:3000"
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - "./grafana_data:/var/lib/grafana"

注：prometheus主機需要部署以上容器，其他被監控主機只需要部署node-exporter

3.prometheus配置文件(根據自己的服務器ip進行修改targets內容)

vim prometheus.yml

global:
  scrape_interval:     15s # 默認抓取周期
  external_labels:
    monitor: 'codelab-monitor'
scrape_configs:
  - job_name: 'node-exporter' #服務的名稱
    scrape_interval: 5s
    metrics_path: /metrics  #獲取指標的url
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['139.224.224.229:9100'] # 這個為監聽指定服務服務的ip和port，需要修改為自己的ip，貌似雲服務必須用公網ip

4.docker-compose啟動

docker-compose up -d         # 掛載目錄給權限，不然會啟動失敗

如果啟動報如下的"沒有權限"錯誤：

grafana0         | You may have issues with file permissions, more information here: http://docs.grafana.org/installation/docker/#migrate-to-v51-or-later
grafana0         | mkdir: can't create directory '/var/lib/grafana/plugins': Permission denied
grafana0         | GF_PATHS_DATA='/var/lib/grafana' is not writable.
grafana0         | You may have issues with file permissions, more information here: http://docs.grafana.org/installation/docker/#migrate-to-v51-or-later
grafana0         | mkdir: can't create directory '/var/lib/grafana/plugins': Permission denied
grafana0         | GF_PATHS_DATA='/var/lib/grafana' is not writable.
grafana0         | You may have issues with file permissions, more information here: http://docs.grafana.org/installation/docker/#migrate-to-v51-or-later
grafana0         | mkdir: can't create directory '/var/lib/grafana/plugins': Permission denied
grafana0         | GF_PATHS_DATA='/var/lib/grafana' is not writable.
grafana0         | You may have issues with file permissions, more information here: http://docs.grafana.org/installation/docker/#migrate-to-v51-or-later
grafana0         | mkdir: can't create directory '/var/lib/grafana/plugins': Permission denied
grafana0         | GF_PATHS_DATA='/var/lib/grafana' is not writable.
grafana0         | You may have issues with file permissions, more information here: http://docs.grafana.org/installation/docker/#migrate-to-v51-or-later
grafana0         | mkdir: can't create directory '/var/lib/grafana/plugins': Permission denied

則需要將掛載目錄賦予權限，即：
chmod 777 grafana_data/ prometheus_data/ #個人根據配置文件中具體的掛在目錄進行權限修改

5.訪問主機的9090端口可以查到Prometheus監控到的數據，訪問3000端口是grafana的界面，賬密admin/admin

6.配置監控，點擊齒輪，選擇Data Sources