1.連接websocket服務器
import logging from websocket import creat_connertion logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) url = 'ws://echo.websocket.org' #一個在線回環websocket接口,必須以websocket的方式連接后訪問,無法直接在網頁端輸入該地址訪問 wss = creat_connertion(url, timeout=timeout)
2.發送websocket消息
wss.send('hello world')
3.接受websocket消息
res = wss.recv()
logger.info(res)
4.關閉websocket連接
wss.close()
websocket第三方庫的調用不支持直接發送除字符串外的其他數據類型,所以在發送請求之前需要將python結構化的格式,轉換成字符串類型或者json字符串后,再發起websocket的接口請求。
#待發送的數據體格式為: data= { "a" : "abcd", "b" : 123 } #發送前需要把數據處理成json字符串 new_data = json.dumps(data,ensure_ascii=Flase) wss.send(new_data)
接收的數據體的處理:如果接口定義為json的話,由於數據的傳輸都是字符串格式的,需要對接收的數據進行轉換操作
#接收的數據體的格式也是字符串: logger.info(type(res)) #<class 'str'>
對於響應內容進行格式轉換處理:
def load_json(base_str): if isinstance(base_str, str): try: res = json.loads(base_str) return load_json(res) except JSONDecodeError: return base_str elif isinstance(base_str,list): res=[] for i in base_str: res.append(load_json(i)) return res elif isinstance(base_str,str): for key, value in base_str.items(): base_str[key]=load_json(value) return base_str return base_str
websocket接口自動化測試,二次封裝demo展示
web_socket_util.py
import logging import json from json import JSONDecodeError from websocket import create_connection logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) class WebsocketUtil(): def conn(self, uri, timeout=3): ''' 連接web服務器 :param uri: 服務的url :param timeout: 超時時間 :return: ''' self.wss = create_connection(uri, timeout=timeout) def send(self, message): ''' 發送請求數據體 :param message: 待發送的數據信息 :return: ''' if not isinstance(message, str): message = json.dumps(message) return self.wss.send(message) def load_json(self, base_str): ''' 進行數據體處理 :param base_str: 待處理的數據 :return: ''' if isinstance(base_str, str): try: res = json.loads(base_str) return base_str except JSONDecodeError: return base_str elif isinstance(base_str, list): res = [] for i in base_str: res.append(self.load_json(i)) return res elif isinstance(base_str, str): for key, value in base_str.items(): base_str[key] = self.load_json(value) return base_str return base_str def recv(self, timeout=3): ''' 接收數據體信息,並調用數據體處理方法處理響應體 :param timeout: 超時時間 :return: ''' if isinstance(timeout, dict): timeout = timeout["timeout"] try: self.settimeout(timeout) recv_json = self.wss.recv() all_json_recv = self.load_json(recv_json) self._set_response(all_json_recv) return all_json_recv except WebSocketTimeoutException: logger.error(f'已經超過{timeout}秒沒有接收數據啦') def settimeout(self, timeout): ''' 設置超時時間 :param timeout: 超時時間 :return: ''' self.wss.settimeout(timeout) def recv_all(self, timeout=3): ''' 姐搜多個數據體信息,並調用數據體處理方法處理響應體 :param timeout: 超時時間 :return: ''' if isinstance(timeout, dict): timeout = timeout['timeout'] recv_list = [] while True: try: self.settimeout(timeout) recv_list = self.wss.recv() all_json_recv = self.load_json(recv_list) recv_list.append(all_json_recv) logger.info(f'all::::: {all_json_recv}') except WebSocketTimeoutException: logger.error(f'已經超過{timeout}秒沒有接收數據啦') break self._set_response(recv_list) return recv_list def close(self): ''' 關閉連接 :return: ''' return self.wss.close() def _set_response(self, response): self.response = response def _get_response(self) -> list: return self.response
test_case.py websocket接口自動化測試用例:
class TestWsDemo: def setup(self): url = 'ws://echo.websocket.org' self.wss = WebsocketUtil() self.wss.conn(url) def teardown(self): self.wss.close() def test_demo(self): data = {'a': 'hello', 'b': 'world'} self.wss.send(data) res = self.wss.recv() assert 'hello' == res['a']