【阿里雲鏡像】使用VM虛擬機安裝OpenWRT並更換阿里雲鏡像源

一、參考鏈接

阿里巴巴開源鏡像站-OPSX鏡像站-阿里雲開發者社區 (aliyun.com)

openwrt鏡像-openwrt下載地址-openwrt安裝教程-阿里巴巴開源鏡像站 (aliyun.com)

VMware安裝OpenWrt讓宿主機上網&旁路由（兩種方案）_Algorithm的博客-CSDN博客_vmware 旁路由

VM虛擬機搭建openwrt系統環境配置和使用_weixin_41782780的博客-CSDN博客_openwrt vm

二、OpenWRT簡介

OpenWRT（曾用名 LEDE）是一款廣泛應用於路由器的嵌入式操作系統。本站提供 OpenWRT 的包管理器 opkg的鏡像，以加快國內訪問速度。

三、使用VM虛擬機安裝OpenWRT操作步驟

1、下載OpenWRT.img鏡像源

下載地址：https://mirrors.aliyun.com/openwrt

2、將.img鏡像文件轉換成.vmdk虛擬硬盤格式文件

所需工具為：StarWind V2V Image Converter

（1）打開StarWind V2V Image Converter

（2）選擇將要轉換的鏡像文件存儲的位置

（選擇Local file）本地文件夾

（3）選擇源鏡像文件

（4）選擇轉換格式

（5）選擇磁盤格式

（6）確認信息，開始轉換

（7）轉換完成

3、使用VM虛擬機創建OpenWRT

部分關鍵截圖如下圖所示

① 選擇的客戶機操作系統如下圖所示

② 使用NAT地址轉換模式

③ 選擇磁盤，為剛剛轉換過后的.vmdk磁盤格式文件

④ 創建完成，點擊“開啟此虛擬機”

⑤ 登錄成功

4、修改網絡參數信息並SSH連接

root@OpenWrt:~# vi /etc/config/network
root@OpenWrt:~# cat /etc/config/network

config interface 'loopback'
        option device 'lo'
        option proto 'static'
        option ipaddr '127.0.0.1'
        option netmask '255.0.0.0'

config globals 'globals'
        option ula_prefix 'fd33:8f52:e9fd::/48'

config device
        option name 'br-lan'
        option type 'bridge'
        list ports 'eth0'

config interface 'lan'
        option device 'br-lan'
        option proto 'static'
        option ipaddr '192.168.200.50'
        option netmask '255.255.255.0'
        option ip6assign '60'

root@OpenWrt:~# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel master br-lan state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:b4:2f:04 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
5: br-lan: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:b4:2f:04 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.200.50/24 brd 192.168.200.255 scope global br-lan
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fd33:8f52:e9fd::1/60 scope global noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feb4:2f04/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
root@OpenWrt:~#
_________________________________________________________________

C:\Users\xybdiy>ssh root@192.168.200.50
The authenticity of host '192.168.200.50 (192.168.200.50)' can't be established.
ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:uINCvTddAyG9bGGRCD/5R2b7DSmUoxLDcyNe4Pcr9OA.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.200.50' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts.


BusyBox v1.33.1 (2021-10-24 09:01:35 UTC) built-in shell (ash)

  _______                     ________        __
 |       |.-----.-----.-----.|  |  |  |.----.|  |_
 |   -   ||  _  |  -__|     ||  |  |  ||   _||   _|
 |_______||   __|_____|__|__||________||__|  |____|
          |__| W I R E L E S S   F R E E D O M
 -----------------------------------------------------
 OpenWrt 21.02.1, r16325-88151b8303
 -----------------------------------------------------
=== WARNING! =====================================
There is no root password defined on this device!
Use the "passwd" command to set up a new password
in order to prevent unauthorized SSH logins.
--------------------------------------------------
root@OpenWrt:~#

5、訪問OpenWRT的WEB界面，輸入配置的IP地址即可

四、更換阿里OpenWRT鏡像源

手工替換
登錄到路由器，並編輯 /etc/opkg/distfeeds.conf文件，

將其中的downloads.openwrt.org 替換為 mirrors.aliyun.com/openwrt`即可。

快捷替換
執行如下命令自動替換

sed -i 's_downloads.openwrt.org_mirrors.aliyun.com/openwrt_' /etc/opkg/distfeeds.conf

操作過程如下：

root@OpenWrt:~# cat /etc/opkg/distfeeds.conf
src/gz openwrt_core https://downloads.openwrt.org/releases/21.02.1/targets/x86/64/packages
src/gz openwrt_base https://downloads.openwrt.org/releases/21.02.1/packages/x86_64/base
src/gz openwrt_luci https://downloads.openwrt.org/releases/21.02.1/packages/x86_64/luci
src/gz openwrt_packages https://downloads.openwrt.org/releases/21.02.1/packages/x86_64/packages
src/gz openwrt_routing https://downloads.openwrt.org/releases/21.02.1/packages/x86_64/routing
src/gz openwrt_telephony https://downloads.openwrt.org/releases/21.02.1/packages/x86_64/telephony
root@OpenWrt:~# sed -i 's_downloads.openwrt.org_mirrors.aliyun.com/openwrt_' /etc/opkg/distfeeds.conf
root@OpenWrt:~# cat /etc/opkg/distfeeds.conf
src/gz openwrt_core https://mirrors.aliyun.com/openwrt/releases/21.02.1/targets/x86/64/packages
src/gz openwrt_base https://mirrors.aliyun.com/openwrt/releases/21.02.1/packages/x86_64/base
src/gz openwrt_luci https://mirrors.aliyun.com/openwrt/releases/21.02.1/packages/x86_64/luci
src/gz openwrt_packages https://mirrors.aliyun.com/openwrt/releases/21.02.1/packages/x86_64/packages
src/gz openwrt_routing https://mirrors.aliyun.com/openwrt/releases/21.02.1/packages/x86_64/routing
src/gz openwrt_telephony https://mirrors.aliyun.com/openwrt/releases/21.02.1/packages/x86_64/telephony
root@OpenWrt:~#

五、總結與問題反饋

暫未解決使用VM虛擬機創建的OpenWRT系統，使其能夠訪問外網，已經嘗試多種方法，依舊不行。問題留存，待解決。

root@OpenWrt:~# ping qq.com
ping: bad address 'qq.com'
root@OpenWrt:~#