Spring5源碼分析之@Configuration注解的詳解。希望讀者能夠耐着性子看完


前言:


對於Spring創建Bean的方式我相信大家 並不陌生,絕大數同學其實都知道Spring最初就是通過xml的方式去初始化Bean並完成依賴注入的工作,但是在Spring3.0之后,在spring framework模塊中提供了了@Confirguration這個注解,並通過搭配@Bean等注解,可以完全不依賴xml配置,在運行時完成Bean的創建和初始化工作。

@Configuration注解的簡單實用(demo)

package com.vipbbo.selfdemo.spring.configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
public class CustomBeanConfig {
    /**
     * @Bean注解聲明了一個bean,bean名稱默認為方法名 beanImpl
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    IBean beanImpl(){
        return new BeanImpl();
    }
}
interface IBean{
}
class BeanImpl implements IBean{
}

注意:默認情況下Bean的名稱和方法名稱相同,也可以通過name屬性來進行修改指定

比如:
@Bean(name = "customName")

@Configuratio注解的分析

首先我們先上述案例點擊@Configuration注解看一下源碼,如下:

  • 看源碼(Configuration.java)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Component
public @interface Configuration {
    @AliasFor(annotation = Component.class)
    String value() default "";
    Boolean proxyBeanMethods() default true;
}
  • 源碼分析

我們看到源碼里面,@Configuration標記了@Component元注解,因此可以被@ComponentScan掃描並處理,在Spring容器初始化時Configuration類會被注冊到Bean容器中,最后還會被實例化。

使用@Autowired、@Inject注解

因為@Configuration本身也是一個@Component,因此配置類本身也會被注冊到應用上下文,並且也可以使用IOC的@Autowired、@Inject等注解來注入所需的Bean,我們來修改一下之前的Demo,如下:

@Configuration
public class CustomBeanConfig {
    @Autowired
    private Environment environment;
    /**
     * 、 @Bean注解聲明了一個bean,bean名稱默認為方法名 beanImpl
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
        IBean beanImpl(){
        return new BeanImpl();
    }
}

@ComponentScan注解的使用

配置類也可以自己添加注解@ComponentScan,來顯示掃描需使用的組件。

@Configuration使用@Component進行元注解,因此@Configuration類也可以被組件掃描到(特別是使用XML元素)

例如:

@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.vipbbo")
public class CustomBeanConfig {
  // 略......
}

注解@Controller @Service @Repository @Component

  • @Controller : 表明標識的"類"是一個Controller,也就是控制器,可以把它理解為MVC模式下的Controller角色。這個注解是一個特殊的@Component,允許實現類通過類路徑的掃描掃描到。它通常與@RequestMapping 注解一起使用。

  • @Service: 表明這個帶注解的類是一個"Service",也就是服務層,可以把它理解為MVC 模式中的Service層這個角色,這個注解也是一個特殊的@Component,允許實現類通過類路徑的掃描掃描到

  • @Repository: 表明這個注解的類是一個"Repository",團隊實現了JavaEE 模式中像是作為"Data Access Object" 可能作為DAO來使用,當與 PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor 結合使用時,這樣注釋的類有資格獲得Spring轉換的目的。這個注解也是@Component 的一個特殊實現,允許實現類能夠被自動掃描到

  • @Component: 表明這個注釋的類是一個組件,當使用基於注釋的配置和類路徑掃描時,這些類被視為自動檢測的候選者

  • 看源碼

// @Controller
@Target({
    ElementType.TYPE
}
)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Component
public @interface Controller {
    @AliasFor(annotation = Component.class)
    String value() default "";
}

// @Service
@Target({
    ElementType.TYPE
}
)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Component
public @interface Service {
    @AliasFor(annotation = Component.class)
    String value() default "";
}

//  @Repository
@Target({
    ElementType.TYPE
}
)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Component
public @interface Repository {
    @AliasFor(annotation = Component.class)
    String value() default "";
}

// @Component

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Indexed
public @interface Component {
    String value() default "";
}
  • 源碼分析

我們可以看到@Controller,@Service,@Repository這三個注解上面都有@Component這個注解;也就是說,上面四個注解標記的類都能夠通過@ComponentScan掃描到,上面四個注解最大的區別就是使用的場景和語義不一樣,比如你定義一個Service類想要被Spring管理,你應該把它定義為@Service而不是@Controller因為我們從語義上講,@Service更像是一個服務的類,而不是一個控制器的類,@Component通常被稱作組件,它可以標記任何你沒有嚴格予以說明的類,比如說是一個配置類,它不屬於MVC的任何一層,這個時候你更習慣把它定義為@Component。

@Controller,@Service,@Repository的注解上都有@Component,所以這三個注解都可以用@Component進行替換

同@Import注解組合使用

新建一個配置類,例如數據庫配置類:

@Configuration
public class DatabaseConfig {
    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource(){
        return new DataSource(){
            ...
        };
    }
}

然后再CustomBeanConfig中使用@Import來導入配置

@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.vipbbo")
@Component
@Import(DatabaseConfig.class)
public class CustomBeanConfig {
    /**
     * 注入的bean在DatabaseConfig.class中定義
     */
    @Autowired
    private DataSource dataSource;
}

最后執行:

ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(CustomBeanConfig.class);
DatabaseConfig dataSourceConfig = context.getBean(DatabaseConfig.class);

執行過后你就會發現只注冊了CustomBeanConfig.class,容器自動會把@Import指向的配置類初始化。

同@Profile注解組合使用

在配置類可以聲明@Profile注解,僅當滿足profile條件時,才會處理配置類,也可以將@Profile注解加載配置類中的每一個@Bean來實現更細粒度的條件控制。如下:

@Configuration
@Profile("develop")
public class DatabaseConfig {
    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource(){
        return new DataSource(){
            // ...
        };
    }
}

@Profile注解也接受稍復雜的環境表達式,支持 ** &、** |、 !** 三種符號來表達與、或、非的關系。**

上面的Bean僅會在 “develop” 環境同時被激活時才注冊。

嵌套使用@Configuration

在配置類中可以創建靜態內部類,並添加@Configuration注解,這樣上下文只需要注冊最外面的配置類,內部的配置類會自動被加載。這樣做就省略了@Import,因為本身就在配置類內部,無需在特別指定了。比如:

@Configuration
public class CustomBeanConfig {
    @Configuration
    public static class DatabaseConfig{
        @Bean
        DataSource dataSource(){
            return new DataSource() {
                ...
            };
        }
    }
}
注意注意注意注意!!!!!!!!!!

任何嵌套的@Configuration都必須是static的。

@Lazy初始化

默認情況下,配置類中的Bean都隨着上下文被初始化,可以在配置類中添加@Lazy注解來延遲初始化,當然也可以在每個@Bean注解上添加,來實現更細粒度的控制。

@Configuration
@Lazy
public class CustomConfig {
    @Bean
    CustomBean appBean(){
        return new AppBean();
    }
}

配置類約束

  • 配置類必須為顯式聲明的類,而不能通過工廠類方法返回實例,運行時類增強。
  • 配置類不允許標記為final
  • 配置類必須全局可見(不允許定義在方法本地內部類中)。
  • 嵌套配置類必須聲明為static內部類。
  • @Bean方法不可以在創建新的配置類(所有實例都當作Bean處理,不解析相關配置注解)

@Configuration源碼

ApplicationContext的refresh方法

在之前的一篇文章spring源碼閱讀一中寫過,Spring容器啟動時,即ApplicationContext接口實現類的對象實例執行refresh方法時,在Bean初始化完成之前,有一個擴展點,用來操作BeanFactory,來擴展對應的功能,比如往BeanFactory中注冊的BeanDefinition,我們回顧一下Application的refresh函數:

  • 看源碼(AbstractApplicationContext.java)
@Override
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
    synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
        StartupStep contextRefresh = this.applicationStartup.start("spring.context.refresh");
        // Prepare this context for refreshing.
        // 1.准備刷新的上下文 環境
        prepareRefresh();
        // 2.初始化beanFactory 並進行xml文件讀取
        //ClassPathXmlApplicationContext 包含着beanFactory所提供的一切特征,在這一步會將復用
        //BeanFactory中的配置文件讀取解析及其他功能,這一步之后
        // Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
        ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
        // 3.對beanFactory的各種功能進行填充 、BeanFactory的預准備工作
        // Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
        prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
        try {
            // 4.子類覆蓋方法做額外處理 (具體的見 AbstractRefreshableWebApplicationContext 類中)
            /*
                   BeanFactory的預准備工作(BeanFactory進行一些設置)
                * spring 之所以強大,為世人所推崇,除了它功能上為大家提供便利外,還因為它很好的架構,開放式的架構讓使用它的程序員根據業務需要
                * 擴展已經存在的功能,
                * 這種開放式的設計spring隨處可見,例如在本例中提供了空的函數實現postProcessBeanFactory 方便程序猿在業務上做進一步擴展 */
            // Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
            postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
            StartupStep beanPostProcess = this.applicationStartup.start("spring.context.beans.post-process");
            /* 5.激活beanFactory的處理器 (Bean的后置處理器)
                 * ===========詳解=========
                 * BeanFactoryPostProcessor 接口和 BeanFactoryProcessor 類似,都可以對bean定義(配置元數據)進行處理,也就是說SpringIOC允許
                 * BeanFactoryPostProcessor 在容器實際實例化任何其他的bean之前來讀取配置元數據,並可能修改它,也可以配置多個BeanFactoryPostProcessor
                 * ,可以通過order屬性來控制BeanFactoryPostProcessor的執行順序(注意:此屬性必須當BeanFactoryPostProcessor實現了Ordered
                 * 接口時才可以賒賬),因此在實現BeanFactoryPostProcessor時應該考慮實現Ordered接口
                 * 如果想改變實現的bean實例(例如從配置源數據創建的對象),那最好使用BeanPostProcessor,同樣的BeanFactoryPostProcessor,
                 * 的作用域范圍是容器級別的,它只是和你鎖使用的容器有關。如果你在容器中定義了一個BeanFactoryPostProcessor,它僅僅對此容器的
                 * bean進行后置處理,BeanFactoryPostProcessor不會對定義在另外一個容器的bean進行后置處理,即使兩個容器都在同一個層次上。
                 * 在spring中存在對BeanFactoryPostProcessor的典型應用,如:PropertyPlaceholderConfigure
                 * */
            // Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
            invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
            // 6.注冊攔截Bean創建的Bean攔截器(Bean的后置處理器,攔截Bean的創建),這里只是注冊,真正調用的時候 是在getBean
            // Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
            registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
            beanPostProcess.end();
            // 7.為上下文處理Message源,國際化處理 即不同語言的消息體
            // Initialize message source for this context.
            initMessageSource();
            // 8.初始化應用消息廣播器 也就是事件派發器,並放入 ApplicationEventMulticaster 中
            // Initialize event multicaster for this context.
            initApplicationEventMulticaster();
            // 9.留給子類來初始化它的Bean 給子容器(子類),子類重寫這個方法,在容器刷新的時候可以自定義邏輯
            // Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
            onRefresh();
            // 10.在所有注冊的Bean中查找Listener Bean 注冊到廣播器中
            // Check for listener beans and register them.
            registerListeners();
            // 初始化剩下的單實例(非惰性的)
            // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
            finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
            // 最后一步完成刷新過程,通知生命周期處理器lifecycleProcessor刷新過程,同時發出 ContentRefreshEvent 通知別人
            // Last step: publish corresponding event.
            finishRefresh();
        }
        catch (BeansException ex) {
            if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
                logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
                                            "cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
            }
            // Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
            destroyBeans();
            // Reset 'active' flag.
            cancelRefresh(ex);
            // Propagate exception to caller.
            throw ex;
        }
        finally {
            // Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
            // might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
            resetCommonCaches();
            contextRefresh.end();
        }
    }
}
  • 源碼分析

看這一行代碼invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);,在這里初始化BeanFactory后,會激活各種BeanFactory處理器,我們來看看invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors這個方法。

  • 看源碼(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java)
public static void invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(
            ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> beanFactoryPostProcessors) {
    // 1、首先調用 BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors
    // Invoke BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors first, if any.
    Set<String> processedBeans = new HashSet<>();
    // beanFactory是 BeanDefinitionRegistry 類型
    if (beanFactory instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistry) {
        BeanDefinitionRegistry registry = (BeanDefinitionRegistry) beanFactory;
        // 定義BeanFactoryPostProcessor
        List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> regularPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
        // 定義BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor集合
        List<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor> registryProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
        // 循環手動注冊的 beanFactoryPostProcessors
        for (BeanFactoryPostProcessor postProcessor : beanFactoryPostProcessors) {
            /* 如果是BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor的實例話,
                 * 則調用其 postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry 方法,對bean進行注冊操作
                 */
            if (postProcessor instanceof BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor) {
                BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor registryProcessor =
                                            (BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor) postProcessor;
                registryProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(registry);
                registryProcessors.add(registryProcessor);
            }
            // 否則則將其當做普通的BeanFactoryPostProcessor處理,直接加入regularPostProcessors集合,以備后續處理 else {
                regularPostProcessors.add(postProcessor);
            }
        }
        // Do not initialize FactoryBeans here: We need to leave all regular beans
        // uninitialized to let the bean factory post-processors apply to them!
        // Separate between BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors that implement
        // PriorityOrdered, Ordered, and the rest.
        List<BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor> currentRegistryProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
        // 首先調用實現了 PriorityOrdered (有限排序接口)的
        // First, invoke the BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered.
        String[] postProcessorNames =
                            beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
        for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
            if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) {
                currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
                processedBeans.add(ppName);
            }
        }
        // 排序
        sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
        // 加入registryProcessors集合
        registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
        // 調用所有實現了PriorityOrdered的的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors的postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry方法,注冊bean
        invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry, beanFactory.getApplicationStartup());
        // 清空currentRegistryProcessors,以備下次使用
        currentRegistryProcessors.clear();
        // 其次,調用實現了Ordered(普通排序接口)的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors
        // Next, invoke the BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors that implement Ordered.
        postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
        for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
            if (!processedBeans.contains(ppName) && beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) {
                currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
                processedBeans.add(ppName);
            }
        }
        // 排序
        sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
        // 加入registryProcessors集合
        registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
        // 調用所有實現了PriorityOrdered的的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors的postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry方法,注冊bean
        invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry, beanFactory.getApplicationStartup());
        // 清空currentRegistryProcessors,以備下次使用
        currentRegistryProcessors.clear();
        // 最后,調用其他的BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors
        // Finally, invoke all other BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors until no further ones appear.
        Boolean reiterate = true;
        while (reiterate) {
            reiterate = false;
            postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
            for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
                if (!processedBeans.contains(ppName)) {
                    currentRegistryProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor.class));
                    processedBeans.add(ppName);
                    reiterate = true;
                }
            }
            // 排序
            sortPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, beanFactory);
            // 加入registryProcessors集合
            registryProcessors.addAll(currentRegistryProcessors);
            // 調用其他的 BeanDefinitionRegistryProcessors 的 postProcessorBeanDefinitionRegistry 方法
            invokeBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors(currentRegistryProcessors, registry, beanFactory.getApplicationStartup());
            // 清空currentRegistryProcessors集合 以供下次使用
            currentRegistryProcessors.clear();
        }
        /* 現在調用所有的 BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor (包括手動注冊和配置文件注冊) 和
             * 和 BeanFactoryPostProcessor(只有手動注冊)的回調函數 -> postProcessBeanFactory
             */
        // Now, invoke the postProcessBeanFactory callback of all processors handled so far.
        invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(registryProcessors, beanFactory);
        invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(regularPostProcessors, beanFactory);
    }
    // 2.如果不是BeanDefinitionRegistry的實例,那么直接調用其他回調函數即可 -->postProcessBeanFactory else {
        // Invoke factory processors registered with the context instance.
        invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactoryPostProcessors, beanFactory);
    }
    // 上面的代碼已經處理完了所有的 BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor 和 手動注冊的 BeanFactoryPostProcessor
    // 接下來要處理通過配置文件注冊的 BeanFactoryPostProcessor
    // Do not initialize FactoryBeans here: We need to leave all regular beans
    // uninitialized to let the bean factory post-processors apply to them!
    // 首先獲取所有的BeanFactoryPostProcessor (注意:這里獲取的集合會包含 BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessors)
    String[] postProcessorNames =
                    beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class, true, false);
    // Separate between BeanFactoryPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered,
    // Ordered, and the rest.
    // 這里 將實現了 PriorityOrdered Ordered的處理器和其他處理器區分開來,分別進行處理
    // PriorityOrdered有序處理器
    List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> priorityOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
    // Ordered有序處理器
    List<String> orderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();
    // 無序處理器
    List<String> nonOrderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();
    for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
        if (processedBeans.contains(ppName)) {
            // 判斷processedBeans是否包含當前處理器(processedBeans中的處理器已經處理過的  也就是上邊第一步已經處理過的),如果包含則不做處理
            // skip - already processed in first phase above
        }
        // 加入到PriorityOrdered有序處理器集合 else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) {
            priorityOrderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
        }
        // 加入到Ordered有序處理器集合 else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) {
            orderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
        }
        // 加入到無序處理器集合 else {
            nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
        }
    }
    // 首先調用實現了 PriorityOrdered 接口的處理器
    // First, invoke the BeanFactoryPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered.
    sortPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
    invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
    // 其次 調用了 Ordered 接口的處理器
    // Next, invoke the BeanFactoryPostProcessors that implement Ordered.
    List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> orderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>(orderedPostProcessorNames.size());
    for (String postProcessorName : orderedPostProcessorNames) {
        orderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(postProcessorName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
    }
    sortPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
    invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
    // 最后 調用了無序處理器
    // Finally, invoke all other BeanFactoryPostProcessors.
    List<BeanFactoryPostProcessor> nonOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>(nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.size());
    for (String postProcessorName : nonOrderedPostProcessorNames) {
        nonOrderedPostProcessors.add(beanFactory.getBean(postProcessorName, BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class));
    }
    // 循環遍歷  BeanFactoryPostProcessor 中的 postProcessBeanFactory 方法
    invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(nonOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
    // 清理元數據
    // Clear cached merged bean definitions since the post-processors might have
    // modified the original metadata, e.g. replacing placeholders in values...
    beanFactory.clearMetadataCache();
}
  • 源碼分析

我們着重看看一下registryProcessor.postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(registry);這行代碼,然后看一下其實現類如圖所示:

image

然后我們看一下ConfigurationClassPostProcessor這個類里面的postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry方法

  • 看源碼(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java)
@Override
public void postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
    // 生成唯一標識,用於重復處理驗證
    int registryId = System.identityHashCode(registry);
    if (this.registriesPostProcessed.contains(registryId)) {
        throw new IllegalStateException(
                            "postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry already called on this post-processor against " + registry);
    }
    if (this.factoriesPostProcessed.contains(registryId)) {
        throw new IllegalStateException(
                            "postProcessBeanFactory already called on this post-processor against " + registry);
    }
    this.registriesPostProcessed.add(registryId);
    // 解析Java類配置bean
    processConfigBeanDefinitions(registry);
}

繼續查看解析Java類配置Bean的方法processConfigBeanDefinition(registry)

  • 看源碼(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java)
public void processConfigBeanDefinitions(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
    List<BeanDefinitionHolder> configCandidates = new ArrayList<>();
    // 所有已經注冊的Bean
    String[] candidateNames = registry.getBeanDefinitionNames();
    // 清楚Bean定義信息
    for (String beanName : candidateNames) {
        BeanDefinition beanDef = registry.getBeanDefinition(beanName);
        if (beanDef.getAttribute(ConfigurationClassUtils.CONFIGURATION_CLASS_ATTRIBUTE) != null) {
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                logger.debug("Bean definition has already been processed as a configuration class: " + beanDef);
            }
        }
        // 1. 如果當前Bean是JavaBean配置類(含有@Configuration注解的類), 則加入到集合 configCandidates 中 else if (ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate(beanDef, this.metadataReaderFactory)) {
            configCandidates.add(new BeanDefinitionHolder(beanDef, beanName));
        }
    }
    // Return immediately if no @Configuration classes were found
    // 沒有 @Configuration 注解的類直接退出
    if (configCandidates.isEmpty()) {
        return;
    }
    // Sort by previously determined @Order value, if applicable
    // 多個Java 配置類 按 @Order 注解排序
    configCandidates.sort((bd1, bd2) -> {
        int i1 = ConfigurationClassUtils.getOrder(bd1.getBeanDefinition());
        int i2 = ConfigurationClassUtils.getOrder(bd2.getBeanDefinition());
        return Integer.compare(i1, i2);
    }
    );
    // Detect any custom bean name generation strategy supplied through the enclosing application context
    SingletonBeanRegistry sbr = null;
    if (registry instanceof SingletonBeanRegistry) {
        sbr = (SingletonBeanRegistry) registry;
        if (!this.localBeanNameGeneratorSet) {
            BeanNameGenerator generator = (BeanNameGenerator) sbr.getSingleton(
                                    AnnotationConfigUtils.CONFIGURATION_BEAN_NAME_GENERATOR);
            if (generator != null) {
                this.componentScanBeanNameGenerator = generator;
                this.importBeanNameGenerator = generator;
            }
        }
    }
    if (this.environment == null) {
        this.environment = new StandardEnvironment();
    }
    // Parse each @Configuration class
    // 初始化一個 ConfigurationClassParser 解析器 ,可以解析 @Configuration 配置類
    ConfigurationClassParser parser = new ConfigurationClassParser(
                    this.metadataReaderFactory, this.problemReporter, this.environment,
                    this.resourceLoader, this.componentScanBeanNameGenerator, registry);
    Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> candidates = new LinkedHashSet<>(configCandidates);
    Set<ConfigurationClass> alreadyParsed = new HashSet<>(configCandidates.size());
    do {
        StartupStep processConfig = this.applicationStartup.start("spring.context.config-classes.parse");
        // 2. 解析Java配置類
        parser.parse(candidates);
        // 主要校驗配置類不能使用 final 修飾符修飾 (CGLIB代理是生成一個子類,因此原先的類不能使用final修飾)
        parser.validate();
        // 排除已處理過的配置類
        Set<ConfigurationClass> configClasses = new LinkedHashSet<>(parser.getConfigurationClasses());
        configClasses.removeAll(alreadyParsed);
        // Read the model and create bean definitions based on its content
        if (this.reader == null) {
            this.reader = new ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader(
                                    registry, this.sourceExtractor, this.resourceLoader, this.environment,
                                    this.importBeanNameGenerator, parser.getImportRegistry());
        }
        // 3. 加載Bean 定義信息,主要實現將 @Bean @Configuration @Import @ImportResource  注冊為Bean
        this.reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configClasses);
        alreadyParsed.addAll(configClasses);
        processConfig.tag("classCount", () -> String.valueOf(configClasses.size())).end();
        // 清空已處理的配置類
        candidates.clear();
        // 再次獲取容器中Bean定義數量,如果大於之前獲取的Bean定義數量,則說明有新的Bean注冊到容器中,需要再次解析
        if (registry.getBeanDefinitionCount() > candidateNames.length) {
            String[] newCandidateNames = registry.getBeanDefinitionNames();
            Set<String> oldCandidateNames = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(candidateNames));
            Set<String> alreadyParsedClasses = new HashSet<>();
            for (ConfigurationClass configurationClass : alreadyParsed) {
                alreadyParsedClasses.add(configurationClass.getMetadata().getClassName());
            }
            for (String candidateName : newCandidateNames) {
                if (!oldCandidateNames.contains(candidateName)) {
                    BeanDefinition bd = registry.getBeanDefinition(candidateName);
                    // 新注冊的Bean如果也是@Configuration配置類,則添加數據等待解析
                    if (ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate(bd, this.metadataReaderFactory) &&
                                                    !alreadyParsedClasses.contains(bd.getBeanClassName())) {
                        candidates.add(new BeanDefinitionHolder(bd, candidateName));
                    }
                }
            }
            candidateNames = newCandidateNames;
        }
    }
    while (!candidates.isEmpty());
    // Register the ImportRegistry as a bean in order to support ImportAware @Configuration classes
    if (sbr != null && !sbr.containsSingleton(IMPORT_REGISTRY_BEAN_NAME)) {
        sbr.registerSingleton(IMPORT_REGISTRY_BEAN_NAME, parser.getImportRegistry());
    }
    if (this.metadataReaderFactory instanceof CachingMetadataReaderFactory) {
        // Clear cache in externally provided MetadataReaderFactory; this is a no-op
        // for a shared cache since it'll be cleared by the ApplicationContext.
        ((CachingMetadataReaderFactory) this.metadataReaderFactory).clearCache();
    }
}
  • 源碼解析

processConfigBeanDefinitions這個方法大體可以划分為三個階段:

  1. 階段一:從容器中獲取和Configuration有關系的BeanDefinition
  2. 以該BeanDefinition為起點,進行解析操作,得到解析結果集
  3. 將解析到的結果集加載到容器中,即構造成一個BeanDefinition放到容器中待初始化
1. 判斷類是否與@Configuration有關

在上面第一步中,有@Configuration注解的會加入到集合當中,這個判斷是在ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate當中實現的。

看源碼之前先看一下ConfigturationClassUtils.java類中的一下代碼,在下面的代碼分析中都有用到。

private static final Set<String> candidateIndicators = new HashSet<>(8);
static {
    candidateIndicators.add(Component.class.getName());
    candidateIndicators.add(ComponentScan.class.getName());
    candidateIndicators.add(Import.class.getName());
    candidateIndicators.add(ImportResource.class.getName());
}
  • 看源碼(ConfigurationClassUtils.java)
public static Boolean checkConfigurationClassCandidate(
            BeanDefinition beanDef, MetadataReaderFactory metadataReaderFactory) {
    String className = beanDef.getBeanClassName();
    if (className == null || beanDef.getFactoryMethodName() != null) {
        return false;
    }
    // 獲取注解元數據信息
    AnnotationMetadata metadata;
    if (beanDef instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition &&
                    className.equals(((AnnotatedBeanDefinition) beanDef).getMetadata().getClassName())) {
        // Can reuse the pre-parsed metadata from the given BeanDefinition...
        metadata = ((AnnotatedBeanDefinition) beanDef).getMetadata();
    } else if (beanDef instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition && ((AbstractBeanDefinition) beanDef).hasBeanClass()) {
        // Check already loaded Class if present...
        // since we possibly can't even load the class file for this Class.
        Class<?> beanClass = ((AbstractBeanDefinition) beanDef).getBeanClass();
        if (BeanFactoryPostProcessor.class.isAssignableFrom(beanClass) ||
                            BeanPostProcessor.class.isAssignableFrom(beanClass) ||
                            AopInfrastructureBean.class.isAssignableFrom(beanClass) ||
                            EventListenerFactory.class.isAssignableFrom(beanClass)) {
            return false;
        }
        metadata = AnnotationMetadata.introspect(beanClass);
    } else {
        try {
            MetadataReader metadataReader = metadataReaderFactory.getMetadataReader(className);
            metadata = metadataReader.getAnnotationMetadata();
        }
        catch (IOException ex) {
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                logger.debug("Could not find class file for introspecting configuration annotations: " +
                                            className, ex);
            }
            return false;
        }
    }
    // 注意這個方法 下面后進行一個匹配 看看是不是指定的注解 比如 @Configuration
    Map<String, Object> config = metadata.getAnnotationAttributes(Configuration.class.getName());
    // 查找當前注解是否與 @Configuration 相關
    // 該方法還會判斷該注解上的注解是否有 @Configuration 一直往上尋找 因為有的注解是復合注解
    if (config != null && !Boolean.FALSE.equals(config.get("proxyBeanMethods"))) {
        beanDef.setAttribute(CONFIGURATION_CLASS_ATTRIBUTE, CONFIGURATION_CLASS_FULL);
    }
    // 查找當前注解上是否有 @ComponentScan、@Component、@Import、@ImportResource 注解
    // 如果沒有則查找Bean注解,同上,一直往上查找 else if (config != null || isConfigurationCandidate(metadata)) {
        beanDef.setAttribute(CONFIGURATION_CLASS_ATTRIBUTE, CONFIGURATION_CLASS_LITE);
    } else {
        return false;
    }
    // It's a full or lite configuration candidate... Let's determine the order value, if any.
    Integer order = getOrder(metadata);
    if (order != null) {
        beanDef.setAttribute(ORDER_ATTRIBUTE, order);
    }
    return true;
}

繼續看一下這里面的isConfigurationCandidate這個方法

  • 看源碼(ConfigurationClassUtils.java)
public static Boolean isConfigurationCandidate(AnnotationMetadata metadata) {
    // Do not consider an interface or an annotation...
    if (metadata.isInterface()) {
        return false;
    }
    // Any of the typical annotations found?
    for (String indicator : candidateIndicators) {
        if (metadata.isAnnotated(indicator)) {
            return true;
        }
    }
    // Finally, let's look for @Bean methods...
    return hasBeanMethods(metadata);
}

繼續查看這個方法里面的hasBeanMethods方法:

  • 看源碼(``)
static Boolean hasBeanMethods(AnnotationMetadata metadata) {
    try {
        return metadata.hasAnnotatedMethods(Bean.class.getName());
    }
    catch (Throwable ex) {
        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            logger.debug("Failed to introspect @Bean methods on class [" + metadata.getClassName() + "]: " + ex);
        }
        return false;
    }
}
2. 解析Java配置類parse.parse(candidates)

parse.parse(candidates)方法最終調用processConfigurationClass方法來處理@Configuratin配置類,ConfigurationClassParser.procesConfigurationClass()方法代碼如下:

  • 看源碼(ConfigurationClassParser.java)
protected void processConfigurationClass(ConfigurationClass configClass, Predicate<String> filter) throws IOException {
    // 判斷是否需要解析
    if (this.conditionEvaluator.shouldSkip(configClass.getMetadata(), ConfigurationPhase.PARSE_CONFIGURATION)) {
        return;
    }
    // 判斷同一個配置類是否重復加載過,如果重復加載過,則合並,否則從集合中移除舊的配置類,后續邏輯將處理新的配置類
    ConfigurationClass existingClass = this.configurationClasses.get(configClass);
    if (existingClass != null) {
        if (configClass.isImported()) {
            if (existingClass.isImported()) {
                existingClass.mergeImportedBy(configClass);
            }
            // Otherwise ignore new imported config class; existing non-imported class overrides it.
            return;
        } else {
            // Explicit bean definition found, probably replacing an import.
            // Let's remove the old one and go with the new one.
            this.configurationClasses.remove(configClass);
            this.knownSuperclasses.values().removeIf(configClass::equals);
        }
    }
    // Recursively process the configuration class and its superclass hierarchy.
    // ** 真正解析配置類 **
    SourceClass sourceClass = asSourceClass(configClass, filter);
    do {
        sourceClass = doProcessConfigurationClass(configClass, sourceClass, filter);
    }
    while (sourceClass != null);
    // 再次添加到到集合中
    this.configurationClasses.put(configClass, configClass);
}
  • 源碼解析

看上面代碼中的真正解析配置類的那行代碼sourceClass = doProcessConfigurationClass(configClass, sourceClass, filter);doProcessConfigurationClass方法主要是從配置類中解析所有Bean,包括處理內部類,父類以及各種注解ConfigurationClassParse.doProcessConfigurationClass()解析邏輯如下:

  • 看源碼(ConfigurationClassParser.java)
@Nullable
protected final SourceClass doProcessConfigurationClass(
            ConfigurationClass configClass, SourceClass sourceClass, Predicate<String> filter)
            throws IOException {
    if (configClass.getMetadata().isAnnotated(Component.class.getName())) {
        // Recursively process any member (nested) classes first
        // 遞歸處理任何成員(嵌套)類
        processMemberClasses(configClass, sourceClass, filter);
    }
    // Process any @PropertySource annotations
    // 處理@PropertySource注解
    for (AnnotationAttributes propertySource : AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesForRepeatable(
                    sourceClass.getMetadata(), PropertySources.class,
                    org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource.class)) {
        if (this.environment instanceof ConfigurableEnvironment) {
            processPropertySource(propertySource);
        } else {
            logger.info("Ignoring @PropertySource annotation on [" + sourceClass.getMetadata().getClassName() +
                                    "]. Reason: Environment must implement ConfigurableEnvironment");
        }
    }
    // Process any @ComponentScan annotations
    // 處理@ComponentScan
    //獲取@ComponentScan注解信息
    Set<AnnotationAttributes> componentScans = AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesForRepeatable(
                    sourceClass.getMetadata(), ComponentScans.class, ComponentScan.class);
    if (!componentScans.isEmpty() &&
                    !this.conditionEvaluator.shouldSkip(sourceClass.getMetadata(), ConfigurationPhase.REGISTER_BEAN)) {
        for (AnnotationAttributes componentScan : componentScans) {
            // The config class is annotated with @ComponentScan -> perform the scan immediately
            // 按@CmponentScan注解掃描bean
            Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> scannedBeanDefinitions =
                                    this.componentScanParser.parse(componentScan, sourceClass.getMetadata().getClassName());
            // Check the set of scanned definitions for any further config classes and parse recursively if needed
            // 遍歷掃描出的bean定義是否是配置類bean
            for (BeanDefinitionHolder holder : scannedBeanDefinitions) {
                BeanDefinition bdCand = holder.getBeanDefinition().getOriginatingBeanDefinition();
                if (bdCand == null) {
                    bdCand = holder.getBeanDefinition();
                }
                // 如果掃描出的bean定義是配置類(含有@COnfiguration),則繼續調用parse方法,內部再次調用doProcessConfigurationClas(),遞歸解析
                if (ConfigurationClassUtils.checkConfigurationClassCandidate(bdCand, this.metadataReaderFactory)) {
                    parse(bdCand.getBeanClassName(), holder.getBeanName());
                }
            }
        }
    }
    // Process any @Import annotations
    //處理@Import注解
    processImports(configClass, sourceClass, getImports(sourceClass), filter, true);
    // Process any @ImportResource annotations
    // 處理@ImportResource注解
    AnnotationAttributes importResource =
                    AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesFor(sourceClass.getMetadata(), ImportResource.class);
    if (importResource != null) {
        String[] resources = importResource.getStringArray("locations");
        Class<? extends BeanDefinitionReader> readerClass = importResource.getClass("reader");
        for (String resource : resources) {
            String resolvedResource = this.environment.resolveRequiredPlaceholders(resource);
            configClass.addImportedResource(resolvedResource, readerClass);
        }
    }
    // Process individual @Bean methods
    // 處理@Bean注解
    Set<MethodMetadata> beanMethods = retrieveBeanMethodMetadata(sourceClass);
    for (MethodMetadata methodMetadata : beanMethods) {
        // 將解析出的所有@Bean注解方法添加到configClass配置類信息中
        configClass.addBeanMethod(new BeanMethod(methodMetadata, configClass));
    }
    // Process default methods on interfaces
    // 處理接口中所有添加@Bean注解的方法,內部通過遍歷所有接口,解析得到@Bean注解方法,並添加到configClass配置類信息中
    processInterfaces(configClass, sourceClass);
    // Process superclass, if any
    // 如果有父類,則返回父類,遞歸執行doProcessConfigurationClass()解析父類
    if (sourceClass.getMetadata().hasSuperClass()) {
        String superclass = sourceClass.getMetadata().getSuperClassName();
        if (superclass != null && !superclass.startsWith("java") &&
                            !this.knownSuperclasses.containsKey(superclass)) {
            this.knownSuperclasses.put(superclass, configClass);
            // Superclass found, return its annotation metadata and recurse
            return sourceClass.getSuperClass();
        }
    }
    // No superclass -> processing is complete
    return null;
}

接下來說一下很重要的兩個注解,@Bean@ComponentScan的實現過程。在上面的doProcessConfigurationClass方法里

@ComponentScan注解解析過程
//獲取@ComponentScan注解信息
Set<AnnotationAttributes> componentScans = AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesForRepeatable(
                sourceClass.getMetadata(), ComponentScans.class, ComponentScan.class);

@ComponentScan注解解析,從上面的代碼可以看出@ComponentScan注解解析通過調用ComponentScanAnnotationParser的parse方法完成,而parse()方法內部處理了一些scanner屬性(過濾設置)和basePackages包名處理,最終通過調用ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.doScan方法實現掃描工作。

先來看一下ComponentScanAnnotationParser的parse方法

  • 看源碼(ComponentScanAnnotationParser.java)
public Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> parse(AnnotationAttributes componentScan, final String declaringClass) {
    ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner scanner = new ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(this.registry,
                    componentScan.getBoolean("useDefaultFilters"), this.environment, this.resourceLoader);
    Class<? extends BeanNameGenerator> generatorClass = componentScan.getClass("nameGenerator");
    Boolean useInheritedGenerator = (BeanNameGenerator.class == generatorClass);
    scanner.setBeanNameGenerator(useInheritedGenerator ? this.beanNameGenerator :
                    BeanUtils.instantiateClass(generatorClass));
    ScopedProxyMode scopedProxyMode = componentScan.getEnum("scopedProxy");
    if (scopedProxyMode != ScopedProxyMode.DEFAULT) {
        scanner.setScopedProxyMode(scopedProxyMode);
    } else {
        Class<? extends ScopeMetadataResolver> resolverClass = componentScan.getClass("scopeResolver");
        scanner.setScopeMetadataResolver(BeanUtils.instantiateClass(resolverClass));
    }
    scanner.setResourcePattern(componentScan.getString("resourcePattern"));
    for (AnnotationAttributes filter : componentScan.getAnnotationArray("includeFilters")) {
        for (TypeFilter typeFilter : typeFiltersFor(filter)) {
            scanner.addIncludeFilter(typeFilter);
        }
    }
    for (AnnotationAttributes filter : componentScan.getAnnotationArray("excludeFilters")) {
        for (TypeFilter typeFilter : typeFiltersFor(filter)) {
            scanner.addExcludeFilter(typeFilter);
        }
    }
    Boolean lazyInit = componentScan.getBoolean("lazyInit");
    if (lazyInit) {
        scanner.getBeanDefinitionDefaults().setLazyInit(true);
    }
    Set<String> basePackages = new LinkedHashSet<>();
    String[] basePackagesArray = componentScan.getStringArray("basePackages");
    for (String pkg : basePackagesArray) {
        String[] tokenized = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(this.environment.resolvePlaceholders(pkg),
                            ConfigurableApplicationContext.CONFIG_LOCATION_DELIMITERS);
        Collections.addAll(basePackages, tokenized);
    }
    for (Class<?> clazz : componentScan.getClassArray("basePackageClasses")) {
        basePackages.add(ClassUtils.getPackageName(clazz));
    }
    if (basePackages.isEmpty()) {
        basePackages.add(ClassUtils.getPackageName(declaringClass));
    }
    scanner.addExcludeFilter(new AbstractTypeHierarchyTraversingFilter(false, false) {
        @Override
                    protected Boolean matchClassName(String className) {
            return declaringClass.equals(className);
        }
    }
    );
    return scanner.doScan(StringUtils.toStringArray(basePackages));
}

注意上面最后一行代碼 scanner.doScan(StringUtils.toStringArray(basePackages));

doScan掃描basePackages下所有bean.

  • 看源碼(ClassPathBeanDedefinitionScanner.java)
protected Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> doScan(String... basePackages) {
    Assert.notEmpty(basePackages, "At least one base package must be specified");
    Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> beanDefinitions = new LinkedHashSet<>();
    for (String basePackage : basePackages) {
        // 根據 basePackage 加載包下所有Java文件,並掃描出所有Bean組件
        Set<BeanDefinition> candidates = findCandidateComponents(basePackage);
        // 遍歷 beanDefinition
        for (BeanDefinition candidate : candidates) {
            // 解析作用域 Scope
            ScopeMetadata scopeMetadata = this.scopeMetadataResolver.resolveScopeMetadata(candidate);
            candidate.setScope(scopeMetadata.getScopeName());
            String beanName = this.beanNameGenerator.generateBeanName(candidate, this.registry);
            if (candidate instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition) {
                postProcessBeanDefinition((AbstractBeanDefinition) candidate, beanName);
            }
            // 通過注解解析到 candidate 結構中,主要是處理 Lazy primary DependsOn Role Description 這五個注解
            if (candidate instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition) {
                AnnotationConfigUtils.processCommonDefinitionAnnotations((AnnotatedBeanDefinition) candidate);
            }
            // 檢查當前 Bean 是否已注冊,不存在則注冊
            if (checkCandidate(beanName, candidate)) {
                BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder = new BeanDefinitionHolder(candidate, beanName);
                definitionHolder =
                                            AnnotationConfigUtils.applyScopedProxyMode(scopeMetadata, definitionHolder, this.registry);
                beanDefinitions.add(definitionHolder);
                // 注冊到IOC 容器中,主要是一些 @Component 組件,@Bean方法並沒有在此處注冊,BeanName和BeanDefinition鍵值對
                registerBeanDefinition(definitionHolder, this.registry);
            }
        }
    }
    return beanDefinitions;
}

上面掃掃描出所有Bean組件的方法findCandidateComponents具體實現是在ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProviderscanCandidateComponents方法里面;如下:

  • 看源碼(ClassPathScaningcandidateCommponentProvider.java)
private Set<BeanDefinition> scanCandidateComponents(String basePackage) {
    Set<BeanDefinition> candidates = new LinkedHashSet<>();
    try {
        // @ComponentScan("com.sl.springlearning.extension")
        // 包路徑處理:packageSearchPath = classpath*:com/sl/springlearning/extension/**/*.class
        String packageSearchPath = ResourcePatternResolver.CLASSPATH_ALL_URL_PREFIX +
                            resolveBasePackage(basePackage) + '/' + this.resourcePattern;
        // 獲取當前包下所有的class文件
        Resource[] resources = getResourcePatternResolver().getResources(packageSearchPath);
        Boolean traceEnabled = logger.isTraceEnabled();
        Boolean debugEnabled = logger.isDebugEnabled();
        for (Resource resource : resources) {
            if (traceEnabled) {
                logger.trace("Scanning " + resource);
            }
            if (resource.isReadable()) {
                try {
                    MetadataReader metadataReader = getMetadataReaderFactory().getMetadataReader(resource);
                    // 按照scanner過濾器過濾,比如配置類本身將被過濾掉,沒有@Component等組件注解的類將過濾掉
                    // 包含@Component注解的組件將創建BeanDefinition
                    if (isCandidateComponent(metadataReader)) {
                        ScannedGenericBeanDefinition sbd = new ScannedGenericBeanDefinition(metadataReader);
                        sbd.setSource(resource);
                        if (isCandidateComponent(sbd)) {
                            if (debugEnabled) {
                                logger.debug("Identified candidate component class: " + resource);
                            }
                            candidates.add(sbd);
                        } else {
                            if (debugEnabled) {
                                logger.debug("Ignored because not a concrete top-level class: " + resource);
                            }
                        }
                    } else {
                        if (traceEnabled) {
                            logger.trace("Ignored because not matching any filter: " + resource);
                        }
                    }
                }
                catch (Throwable ex) {
                    throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
                                                    "Failed to read candidate component class: " + resource, ex);
                }
            } else {
                if (traceEnabled) {
                    logger.trace("Ignored because not readable: " + resource);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    catch (IOException ex) {
        throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException("I/O failure during classpath scanning", ex);
    }
    return candidates;
}
@Bean注解解析過程

繼續回到ConfigutationClassParser.java中的doProcessConfigurationClass這個方法里的對@Bean注解的解析。Set beanMethods = retrieveBeanMethodMetadata(sourceClass);

  • 看源碼(ConfigurationClaSSParser.java)
private Set<MethodMetadata> retrieveBeanMethodMetadata(SourceClass sourceClass) {
    AnnotationMetadata original = sourceClass.getMetadata();
    // 獲取所有 @Bean 注解的方法
    Set<MethodMetadata> beanMethods = original.getAnnotatedMethods(Bean.class.getName());
    // 如果配置類中有多個@Bean注解的方法,則排序
    if (beanMethods.size() > 1 && original instanceof StandardAnnotationMetadata) {
        // Try reading the class file via ASM for deterministic declaration order...
        // Unfortunately, the JVM's standard reflection returns methods in arbitrary
        // order, even between different runs of the same application on the same JVM.
        try {
            AnnotationMetadata asm =
                                    this.metadataReaderFactory.getMetadataReader(original.getClassName()).getAnnotationMetadata();
            Set<MethodMetadata> asmMethods = asm.getAnnotatedMethods(Bean.class.getName());
            if (asmMethods.size() >= beanMethods.size()) {
                Set<MethodMetadata> selectedMethods = new LinkedHashSet<>(asmMethods.size());
                for (MethodMetadata asmMethod : asmMethods) {
                    for (MethodMetadata beanMethod : beanMethods) {
                        if (beanMethod.getMethodName().equals(asmMethod.getMethodName())) {
                            selectedMethods.add(beanMethod);
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
                if (selectedMethods.size() == beanMethods.size()) {
                    // All reflection-detected methods found in ASM method set -> proceed
                    beanMethods = selectedMethods;
                }
            }
        }
        catch (IOException ex) {
            logger.debug("Failed to read class file via ASM for determining @Bean method order", ex);
            // No worries, let's continue with the reflection metadata we started with...
        }
    }
    return beanMethods;
}
  • 源碼分析

retrieveBeanMethodMetadata方法可以看到的是只是實現了@Bean方法的解析,但並未將實現Bean實例的創建。

3. 加載Bean定義信息this.reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configClasses)

繼續回到ConfigurationClassPostProcessor類的processConfigBeanDefinitions方法,當調用完praser方法后,能得到一批ConfigurationClass集合,但是這時候只是獲取到,而容器中還沒有對應的注冊信息,那么接下來就是對這批集合進行注冊處理。

this.reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configClasses);這行代碼就是進行注冊處理。

  • 看源碼(ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader.java)
public void loadBeanDefinitions(Set<ConfigurationClass> configurationModel) {
    TrackedConditionEvaluator trackedConditionEvaluator = new TrackedConditionEvaluator();
    for (ConfigurationClass configClass : configurationModel) {
        loadBeanDefinitionsForConfigurationClass(configClass, trackedConditionEvaluator);
    }
}
  • 源碼分析

ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions()方法的功能就是將之前解析出的configClasses配置類信息中所有配置相關的信息添加到Spring的Bean定義。主要是配置類中的@Bean注解方法,配置類@ImportResource和@Import(實現ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar接口方式)的Bean注冊

繼續查看loadBeanDefinitionsForConfigurationClass方法

  • 看源碼(ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader.java)
private void loadBeanDefinitionsForConfigurationClass(
            ConfigurationClass configClass, TrackedConditionEvaluator trackedConditionEvaluator) {
    if (trackedConditionEvaluator.shouldSkip(configClass)) {
        String beanName = configClass.getBeanName();
        if (StringUtils.hasLength(beanName) && this.registry.containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
            this.registry.removeBeanDefinition(beanName);
        }
        this.importRegistry.removeImportingClass(configClass.getMetadata().getClassName());
        return;
    }
    // 與@Import注解相關
    if (configClass.isImported()) {
        registerBeanDefinitionForImportedConfigurationClass(configClass);
    }
    // 將@Bean方法注冊為bean
    for (BeanMethod beanMethod : configClass.getBeanMethods()) {
        loadBeanDefinitionsForBeanMethod(beanMethod);
    }
    // 將configClass中中ImportResource指定的資源注冊為bean
    loadBeanDefinitionsFromImportedResources(configClass.getImportedResources());
    // 將configClass中ImportedRegistrar注冊為bean
    loadBeanDefinitionsFromRegistrars(configClass.getImportBeanDefinitionRegistrars());
}

繼續查看將@Bean方法注冊為Bean的方法:loadBeanDefinitionsForBeanMethod

  • 看源碼(ConfigurationClassBeanDefinitionReader.java)
private void loadBeanDefinitionsForBeanMethod(BeanMethod beanMethod) {
    ConfigurationClass configClass = beanMethod.getConfigurationClass();
    MethodMetadata metadata = beanMethod.getMetadata();
    // 獲取方法名
    String methodName = metadata.getMethodName();
    // Do we need to mark the bean as skipped by its condition?
    if (this.conditionEvaluator.shouldSkip(metadata, ConfigurationPhase.REGISTER_BEAN)) {
        configClass.skippedBeanMethods.add(methodName);
        return;
    }
    if (configClass.skippedBeanMethods.contains(methodName)) {
        return;
    }
    // 獲取@Bean注解的元數據信息
    AnnotationAttributes bean = AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesFor(metadata, Bean.class);
    Assert.state(bean != null, "No @Bean annotation attributes");
    // Consider name and any aliases
    // 獲取@Bean注解是否有name屬性,如:(@Bean(name="myBean"))
    List<String> names = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(bean.getStringArray("name")));
    // 默認Bean的方法和名稱相同,但是如果設置了name,就獲取name作為BeanName
    String beanName = (!names.isEmpty() ? names.remove(0) : methodName);
    // Register aliases even when overridden
    for (String alias : names) {
        this.registry.registerAlias(beanName, alias);
    }
    // Has this effectively been overridden before (e.g. via XML)?
    if (isOverriddenByExistingDefinition(beanMethod, beanName)) {
        if (beanName.equals(beanMethod.getConfigurationClass().getBeanName())) {
            throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(beanMethod.getConfigurationClass().getResource().getDescription(),
                                    beanName, "Bean name derived from @Bean method '" + beanMethod.getMetadata().getMethodName() +
                                    "' clashes with bean name for containing configuration class; please make those names unique!");
        }
        return;
    }
    // 創建一個 BeanMethod 的 BeanDefinition
    ConfigurationClassBeanDefinition beanDef = new ConfigurationClassBeanDefinition(configClass, metadata, beanName);
    beanDef.setSource(this.sourceExtractor.extractSource(metadata, configClass.getResource()));
    // 設置工廠方法,
    // 后去的Bean實例化,getBean的時候,會判斷BeanMethod是否存在FactoryMethod,如果存在就使用反射調用工廠方法,返回工廠方法的對象
    if (metadata.isStatic()) {
        // static @Bean method
        if (configClass.getMetadata() instanceof StandardAnnotationMetadata) {
            beanDef.setBeanClass(((StandardAnnotationMetadata) configClass.getMetadata()).getIntrospectedClass());
        } else {
            beanDef.setBeanClassName(configClass.getMetadata().getClassName());
        }
        beanDef.setUniqueFactoryMethodName(methodName);
    } else {
        // instance @Bean method
        beanDef.setFactoryBeanName(configClass.getBeanName());
        beanDef.setUniqueFactoryMethodName(methodName);
    }
    if (metadata instanceof StandardMethodMetadata) {
        beanDef.setResolvedFactoryMethod(((StandardMethodMetadata) metadata).getIntrospectedMethod());
    }
    beanDef.setAutowireMode(AbstractBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR);
    beanDef.setAttribute(org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.RequiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.
                    SKIP_REQUIRED_CHECK_ATTRIBUTE, Boolean.TRUE);
    AnnotationConfigUtils.processCommonDefinitionAnnotations(beanDef, metadata);
    Autowire autowire = bean.getEnum("autowire");
    if (autowire.isAutowire()) {
        beanDef.setAutowireMode(autowire.value());
    }
    Boolean autowireCandidate = bean.getBoolean("autowireCandidate");
    if (!autowireCandidate) {
        beanDef.setAutowireCandidate(false);
    }
    String initMethodName = bean.getString("initMethod");
    if (StringUtils.hasText(initMethodName)) {
        beanDef.setInitMethodName(initMethodName);
    }
    String destroyMethodName = bean.getString("destroyMethod");
    beanDef.setDestroyMethodName(destroyMethodName);
    // Consider scoping
    ScopedProxyMode proxyMode = ScopedProxyMode.NO;
    AnnotationAttributes attributes = AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesFor(metadata, Scope.class);
    if (attributes != null) {
        beanDef.setScope(attributes.getString("value"));
        proxyMode = attributes.getEnum("proxyMode");
        if (proxyMode == ScopedProxyMode.DEFAULT) {
            proxyMode = ScopedProxyMode.NO;
        }
    }
    // Replace the original bean definition with the target one, if necessary
    BeanDefinition beanDefToRegister = beanDef;
    if (proxyMode != ScopedProxyMode.NO) {
        BeanDefinitionHolder proxyDef = ScopedProxyCreator.createScopedProxy(
                            new BeanDefinitionHolder(beanDef, beanName), this.registry,
                            proxyMode == ScopedProxyMode.TARGET_CLASS);
        beanDefToRegister = new ConfigurationClassBeanDefinition(
                            (RootBeanDefinition) proxyDef.getBeanDefinition(), configClass, metadata, beanName);
    }
    if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
        logger.trace(String.format("Registering bean definition for @Bean method %s.%s()",
                            configClass.getMetadata().getClassName(), beanName));
    }
    this.registry.registerBeanDefinition(beanName, beanDefToRegister);
}
  • 源碼解析

上面的代碼比較多,主要看注釋的核心部分,其目的主要是構造了BeanDefinition,然后注冊進容器,而BeanDefinition的一些屬性則是由注解中獲取的;

另外,可以看到@Bean的方式構造的BeanDefinition的時候,與普通的不同,這種方式是會設置工廠方法去初始化,也就是說,咱們自定義的CustomConfig類型的appBean方法會被Spring當成一個工廠方法,也就是說這種方式與下列的初始化方式原理類似:

<bean id="customConfig" class="com.vipbbo.selfdemo.spring.configuration.CustomConfig"/>
<bean id="appBean" factory-bean="customConfig" factory-method="appBean"></bean>

總結

處理邏輯理了一遍之后,看ConfigurationClassPostProcessor處理器解析@Configuration配置類主要過程:

  1. Spring容器初始化時注冊默認后置處理器ConfigurationClassPostProcessor
  2. Spring容器初始化執行refresh()方法中調用ConfigurationClassPostProcessor
  3. ConfigurationClassPostProcessor處理器借助ConfigurationClassParser完成配置類解析
  4. ConfigurationClassParser配置內解析過程中完成嵌套的MemberClass、@PropertySource注解、@ComponentScan注解(掃描package下的所有Class並進行迭代解析,主要是@Component組件解析及注冊)、@ImportResource、@Bean等處理
  5. 完成@Bean注冊,@ImportResource指定bean的注冊以及@Import(實現ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar接口方式)的Bean注冊
  6. 有@Bean注解的方法在解析的時候作為iConfigurantionClass的一個屬性,最后還是會轉換成BeanDefinition進行處理,而實例化的時候會作為一個工廠方法進行Bean的創建

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