Ubuntu的官方源對於國內用戶來說是比較慢的，可以將它的源換成國內的源，用起來就快很多了。
# Ubuntu server 環境 ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo su - [sudo] password for ubuntu: root@ubuntu:~# uname -r 3.19.0-25-generic root@DDTSC-Test-01:~# lsb_release -a No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description: Ubuntu 14.04.5 LTS Release: 14.04 Codename: trusty root@ubuntu:~# ufw status Status: inactive root@ubuntu:~# ufw version ufw 0.34~rc-0ubuntu2 Copyright 2008-2012 Canonical Ltd. # Ubuntu自帶的源 root@ubuntu:~# grep -E -v '^#|^$' /etc/apt/sources.list deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty universe deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty universe deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates universe deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates universe deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty multiverse deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty multiverse deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates multiverse deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates multiverse deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security main restricted deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security main restricted deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security universe deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security universe deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security multiverse deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security multiverse # 備份源列表 root@ubuntu:~# mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_bak # 阿里雲源 root@ubuntu:~# vim /etc/apt/sources.list deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse ## Not recommended # deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse 以上內容的帶有詞含義解析： proposed 預發布軟件源，不建議啟用 deb-src 源碼 # 更新源 root@ubuntu:~# apt-get update ... ...若出現以下錯誤提示 ..."Hash Sum mismatch" 解決辦法： sudo rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* # 刪掉/var/lib/apt/lists 這個目錄下的東西 sudo mkdir /var/lib/apt/lists/partial # 新建相應文件夾 sudo apt-get update # 重新update # 更新軟件 root@ubuntu:~# apt-get upgrade ... ...若出現以下錯誤提示 subprocess dpkg-deb --control returned error exit status 2 E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) 解決辦法： cd /var/lib/dpkg/ sudo mv info/ info_bak # 現將info文件夾更名 sudo mkdir info # 再新建一個新的info文件夾 sudo apt-get update # 更新 sudo apt-get -f install # 修復 sudo mv info/* info_bak/ # 執行完上一步操作后會在新的info文件夾下生成一些文件，現將這些文件全部移到info_bak文件夾下 sudo rm -rf info # 把自己新建的info文件夾刪掉 sudo mv info_bak info # 把以前的info文件夾重新改回名 apt-get upgrade和dist-upgrade的差別: upgrade：系統將現有的Package升級,如果有相依性的問題,而此相依性需要安裝其它新的Package或影響到其它Package的相依性時,此Package就不會被升級,會保留下來. dist-upgrade：可以聰明的解決相依性的問題,如果有相依性問題,需要安裝/移除新的Package,就會試着去安裝/移除它. (所以通常這個會被認為是有點風險的升級) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 清華源 deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal universe deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal multiverse deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security universe deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security multiverse --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 中科大源 deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # 網易163源 deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse