C# .NET 5.0 部署到Docker

本文轉載自查看原文 2021-11-23 17:29 1810 003 C# / 006 .NET5學習筆記

VS中存在Docker部署工具

1.創建項目時，勾選Docker支持，如果沒有選擇，創建項目后也可支持，如下所示

2.選擇項目==》右鍵添加==》Docker支持

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web">

  <PropertyGroup>
    <TargetFramework>net5.0</TargetFramework>
    <UserSecretsId>eb830265-ac01-4476-86d5-58fcac7d3973</UserSecretsId>
    <DockerDefaultTargetOS>Linux</DockerDefaultTargetOS>
    <DockerfileContext>.</DockerfileContext>
  </PropertyGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Azure.Containers.Tools.Targets" Version="1.11.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Swashbuckle.AspNetCore" Version="5.6.3" />
  </ItemGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <ProjectReference Include="..\Models\Models.csproj" />
  </ItemGroup>

</Project>

注： <DockerDefaultTargetOS>Linux/Windows</DockerDefaultTargetOS>　

當添加或啟用 Docker 支持時，Visual Studio 會向項目添加以下各項：

Dockerfile** 文件
.dockerignore 文件
對 Microsoft.VisualStudio.Azure.Containers.Tools.Targets 的 NuGet 包引用

同時，launchSettings.json 文件新增Docker，可在Docker中調試

{
  "iisSettings": {
    "windowsAuthentication": false,
    "anonymousAuthentication": true,
    "iisExpress": {
      "applicationUrl": "http://localhost:48098",
      "sslPort": 44372
    }
  },
  "$schema": "http://json.schemastore.org/launchsettings.json",
  "profiles": {
    "IIS Express": {
      "commandName": "IISExpress",
      "launchBrowser": true,
      "launchUrl": "swagger",
      "environmentVariables": {
        "ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT": "Development"
      }
    },
    "Asp.Netcore.Demos": {
      "commandName": "Project",
      "launchBrowser": true,
      "launchUrl": "swagger",
      "environmentVariables": {
        "ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT": "Development"
      },
      "dotnetRunMessages": "true",
      "applicationUrl": "https://localhost:5001;http://localhost:5000"
    },
    "Docker": {
      "commandName": "Docker",
      "launchBrowser": true,
      "launchUrl": "{Scheme}://{ServiceHost}:{ServicePort}/swagger",
      "publishAllPorts": true,
      "useSSL": true
    }
  }
}

Dockerfile文件解釋：

#See https://aka.ms/containerfastmode to understand how Visual Studio uses this Dockerfile to build your images for faster debugging.

#Depending on the operating system of the host machines(s) that will build or run the containers, the image specified in the FROM statement may need to be changed.
#For more information, please see https://aka.ms/containercompat

#--------------------多階段構建 4個階段，提升效率-----------------------------
#基礎階段
FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/aspnet:5.0 AS base
WORKDIR /app
EXPOSE 80
EXPOSE 443
#構建階段，包含所有構建工具
FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/sdk:5.0 AS build
WORKDIR /src
COPY ["Asp.Netcore.Demos.csproj", "."]
COPY ["../Models/Models.csproj", "../Models/"]
RUN dotnet restore "./Asp.Netcore.Demos.csproj"
COPY . .
WORKDIR "/src/."
RUN dotnet build "Asp.Netcore.Demos.csproj" -c Release -o /app/build
#發布階段
FROM build AS publish
RUN dotnet publish "Asp.Netcore.Demos.csproj" -c Release -o /app/publish
#最終階段
FROM base AS final
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=publish /app/publish .
ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "Asp.Netcore.Demos.dll"]

有了Dockerfile就可以創建鏡像：

注：需要下載並安裝 Docker Desktop應用，略

安裝過程遇到問題：