有需要GDAL開發的同學,在linux服務器上,最好還是自己編譯環境,初次編譯是很痛苦,但是在此過程中,對插件之間的版本依賴關系,插件編譯配置、問題定位,解決問題,shell腳本都能夠全面的提升。最后還能得到一個最新版的環境,何樂而不為了!!!
一、環境准備
1、環境要求
Centos系統可以訪問外網。
Centos系統版本:CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core)
需要安裝的軟件如下:
apache-ant-1.10.12-bin.tar.gz
cgal-4.14.tar.xz
cmake-3.20.6.tar.gz
gdal-3.0.4.tar.gz
geos-3.8.0.tar.bz2
gmp-6.1.2.tar.bz2
json-c-json-c-0.13.1-20180305.tar.gz
libxml2-2.9.10.tar.gz
mpfr-4.0.2.tar.gz
pcre-8.44.tar.gz
postgis-3.0.1.tar.gz
postgresql-12.2.tar.gz
proj-6.3.1.tar.gz
protobuf-c-1.3.3.tar.gz
protobuf-cpp-3.11.4.tar.gz
SFCGAL-1.3.7.tar.gz
sqlite-autoconf-3360000.tar.gz
swig-4.0.1.tar.gz
2、環境安裝
先通過yum基礎插件
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ gcc-g77 make libtool flex bison autoconf automake bzip2-devel zlib-devel ncurses-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libtiff-devel freetype-devel pam-devel openssl-devel libxml2-devel gettext-devel pcre-devel
二、編譯Postgresql-12.2
以下所有安裝源文件放置均放在/usr/local/src/下
1、安裝postgresql數據庫
#用戶組 groupadd postgres #用戶組添加用戶 useradd -g postgres postgres mkdir -p /usr/local/pgsql mkdir /usr/local/pgsql/data chown -R postgres:postgres /usr/local/pgsql cd /usr/local/src/ wget https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v12.2/postgresql-12.2.tar.gz tar -xzvf postgresql-12.2.tar.gz cd postgresql-12.2 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pgsql --without-readline make && make install
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pgsql --without-readline,效果:
make 效果:
make install 效果:
2、添加環境變量
vi打開配置文件后,按i插入,ESC退出編譯,:wq保存,:q!不保存,以后每次保存后要刷新環境變量:source /etc/profile
vi /etc/profile
PG_HOME=/usr/local/pgsql
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PG_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
PATH=$PG_HOME/bin:$PATH
PKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PG_HOME/lib/pkgconfig:$PKG_CONFIG_PATH
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH
source /etc/profile
查看Postgresql版本命令
pg_config --version
3、初始化數據庫
#切換用戶
su postgres
#初始化數據庫
/usr/local/pgsql/bin/initdb -D /usr/local/pgsql/data
4、設置遠程可訪問數據庫
#切換root
exit
vi /usr/local/pgsql/data/postgresql.conf
listen_address = '*'
port = 5432
vi /usr/local/pgsql/data/pg_hba.conf
host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5
host all all 192.168.1.0/24 md5
host all all ::1/128 ident
5、數據庫服務
#切換用戶
su postgres
#啟動數據庫服務器
/usr/local/pgsql/bin/pg_ctl -D /usr/local/pgsql/data -l logfile start
#創建數據庫
/usr/local/pgsql/bin/createdb gisdb
#停止數據庫服務
/usr/local/pgsql/bin/pg_ctl stop -D /usr/local/pgsql/data
#重新啟動數據庫
/usr/local/pgsql/bin/pg_ctl start -D /usr/local/pgsql/data
到這里,數據庫已經安裝成功了,使用navicat或dbeaver連接試試吧!
操作命令說明
pg_ctl stop -D /usr/local/pgsql/data/
pg_ctl start -D /usr/local/pgsql/data/
pg_ctl restart -D /usr/local/pgsql/data/
6、設置Postgresql自啟動
/usr/lib/systemd/system 新建postgresql.service文件,復制以下內容到postgresql.service
[Unit]
Description=PostgreSQL database server
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
User=postgres
Group=postgres
# Port number for server to listen on
Environment=PGPORT=5432
# Location of database directory
Environment=PGDATA=/usr/local/pgsql/data
# Where to send early-startup messages from the server (before the logging
# options of postgresql.conf take effect)
# This is normally controlled by the global default set by systemd
# StandardOutput=syslog
# Disable OOM kill on the postmaster
OOMScoreAdjust=-1000
#ExecStartPre=/usr/local/pgsql/bin/postgresql-check-db-dir ${PGDATA}
ExecStart=/usr/local/pgsql/bin/pg_ctl start -D ${PGDATA} -s -o "-p ${PGPORT}" -w -t 300
ExecStop=/usr/local/pgsql/bin/pg_ctl stop -D ${PGDATA} -s -m fast
ExecReload=/usr/local/pgsql/bin/pg_ctl reload -D ${PGDATA} -s
# Give a reasonable amount of time for the server to start up/shut down
TimeoutSec=300
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
su root
cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
chmod 754 postgresql.service
systemctl enable postgresql.service
7、其它一些操作命令說明
啟動,停止,重啟
systemctl start postgresql.service
systemctl stop postgresql.service
systemctl restart postgresql.service
修改數據庫密碼
su - postgres
psql -U postgres
ALTER USER postgres WITH PASSWORD '123456'
\q
三、編譯GDAL依賴
CentOs7安裝unzip
yum install -y unzip zip
1、安裝 sqlite3
wget https://www.sqlite.org/2020/sqlite-autoconf-3360000.tar.gz tar –zxvf sqlite-autoconf-3360000.tar.gz cd sqlite-autoconf-3360000 bash ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pgsql/plugin/sqlite3 make && make install
#軟連接到/usr/bin目錄
ln -s /usr/local/pgsql/plugin/sqlite3/bin/sqlite3 /usr/bin/sqlite3 echo "/usr/local/pgsql/plugin/sqlite3/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/sqlite3.conf ldconfig
#查看版本號
sqlite3 -version
bash ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pgsql/plugin/sqlite3 命令結果:
make 命令結果:
make install 命令結果:
2、安裝 json-c-0.13.1
wget https://github.com/json-c/json-c/archive/json-c-0.13.1-20180305.tar.gz tar -xzvf json-c-0.13.1-20180305.tar.gz cd json-c-json-c-0.13.1-20180305 bash ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pgsql/plugin/json-c make && make install echo "/usr/local/pgsql/plugin/json-c/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/json-c-0.13.1.conf ldconfig
bash ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pgsql/plugin/json-c,命令效果:
make 命令效果:
make install 命令效果:
3、編譯 protobuf-3.11.4,protobuf-c 1.3.3
編譯protobuf-3.11.4
wget https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases/download/v3.11.4/protobuf-cpp-3.11.4.tar.gz tar -xzvf protobuf-cpp-3.11.4.tar.gz cd protobuf-3.11.4 bash ./configure make && make install
bash ./configure 命令效果:
make 命令效果:
make install 命令效果:
編譯protobuf-c 1.3.3
wget https://github.com/protobuf-c/protobuf-c/releases/download/v1.3.3/protobuf-c-1.3.3.tar.gz tar -xzvf protobuf-c-1.3.3.tar.gz cd protobuf-c-1.3.3 bash ./configure make && make install
bash ./configure 報錯:
vi /etc/profile 添加配置
PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig:$PKG_CONFIG_PATH
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH
source /etc/profile 配置生效。
.configure 命令正常效果:
make 命令效果:
make install 命令效果:
4、安裝Proj 6.3.1
wget https://download.osgeo.org/proj/proj-6.3.1.tar.gz tar -xf proj-6.3.1.tar.gz cd proj-6.3.1 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pgsql/plugin/proj make && make install echo "/usr/local/pgsql/plugin/proj/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/proj-6.3.1.conf ldconfig
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pgsql/plugin/proj 命令報錯,提示sqlite3版本太低,必須大於等於3.11,當前版本為3.7.17
解決方法:升級sqlite版本。如果再出現以下提示,應該是在安裝sqlite3時指定了安裝目錄,個別命令沒有安裝全面。
重新安裝sqlite3
wget https://www.sqlite.org/2020/sqlite-autoconf-3360000.tar.gz tar –zxvf sqlite-autoconf-3360000.tar.gz cd sqlite-autoconf-3360000 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pgsql/plugin/sqlite3 make && make install #查看版本號 sqlite3 -version
進入 /usr/local/src/proj-6.3.1目錄, ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pgsql/plugin/proj 命令正常效果:
make 命令效果:
make install 命令效果:
5、安裝GEOS 3.8.0
wget http://download.osgeo.org/geos/geos-3.8.0.tar.bz2 tar -jxf geos-3.8.0.tar.bz2 cd geos-3.8.0 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pgsql/plugin/geos make && make install echo "/usr/local/pgsql/plugin/geos/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/geos-3.8.0.conf ldconfig
在解壓 *.tar.bz2文件時報錯如下,解決方法:yum -y install bzip2
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pgsql/plugin/geos 命令效果:
make 命令效果:
make install 命令效果:
6、安裝SFCGAL 1.3.7
由於SFCGAL需要依賴Boost、CGAL、GMP、MPFR這四個軟件,所以具體總共需要安裝以下四個軟件:
boost-devel.x86_64
gmp-devel.x86_64
mpfr-devel.x86_64
CGAL-4.14
6.1 Boost-1.5.3
yum install boost boost-devel
6.2 GMP-6.1.2
wget https://gmplib.org/download/gmp/gmp-6.1.2.tar.bz2 tar -jxvf gmp-6.1.2.tar.bz2 cd gmp-6.1.2 bash ./configure --enable-cxx make && make install
./configure --enable-cxx 命令效果:
make 命令效果:
make install 命令效果:
6.3 MPFR-4.0.2
wget https://www.mpfr.org/mpfr-current/mpfr-4.0.2.tar.gz tar -xzvf mpfr-4.0.2.tar.gz cd mpfr-4.0.2 ./configure make && make install
make install 命令效果:
6.4 cgal-4.14
wget http://distfiles.macports.org/cgal/cgal-4.14.tar.xz xz -d cgal-4.14.tar.xz tar xvf cgal-4.14.tar cd CGAL-4.14 mkdir build && cd build cmake .. make && make install
cmake .. 命令提示未找到,具體安裝步驟參考:https://blog.csdn.net/llwy1428/article/details/95473542
如果使用yum安裝cmake,默認版本是:cmake version 2.8.12.2,在執行cmake ..命令時報以下錯誤
- 安裝新版本cmake
wget https://cmake.org/files/v3.17/cmake-3.17.4.tar.gz tar -zxvf cmake-3.17.4.tar.gz cd cmake-3.17.4 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/cmake make make install #創建鏈接 ln -s /usr/local/cmake/bin/cmake /usr/bin/cmake
- 修改環境變量,查看版本
vim /etc/profile export CMAKE_HOME=/usr/local/cmake export PATH=$PATH:$CMAKE_HOME/bin #使配置生效 source /etc/profile #查看版本 cmake –version
接下來繼續安裝cgal-4.14,進入/usr/local/src/CGAL-4.14/build,執行cmake .. 命令正常效果:
make 命令效果:
make install 命令效果:
安裝過程中可能會出現以下錯誤
解決方法: 修改/usr/include/boost/ cstdint.hpp 44行代碼為:
#if defined(BOOST_HAS_STDINT_H) \ && (!defined(__GLIBC__) \ || defined(__GLIBC_HAVE_LONG_LONG) \ || (defined(__GLIBC__) && ((__GLIBC__ > 2) || ((__GLIBC__ == 2) && (__GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 17)))))
6.5 SFCGAL 1.3.7
wget https://github.com/Oslandia/SFCGAL/archive/v1.3.7.tar.gz tar -zxvf SFCGAL-1.3.7.tar.gz cd SFCGAL-1.3.7 mkdir build && cd build cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/sfcgal .. make && make install echo "/usr/local/sfcgal/lib64" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/sfcgal-1.3.7.conf ldconfig
make 命令效果:
make install 命令效果:
7、pcre-8.44安裝
wget https://ftp.pcre.org/pub/pcre/pcre-8.44.tar.gz tar -xzvf pcre-8.44.tar.gz cd pcre-8.44 ./configure --enable-utf8 --prefix=/usr/local/pcre make && make intall echo "/usr/local/pcre/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/pcre-8.44.conf ldconfig
./configure --enable-utf8 --prefix=/usr/local/pcre 命令效果:
make 命令效果:
make install 命令效果:
8、libxml2-2.9.10安裝
wget http://xmlsoft.org/sources/libxml2-2.9.10.tar.gz tar -xzvf libxml2-2.9.10.tar.gz cd libxml2-2.9.10 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libxml2 make && make intall echo "/usr/local/libxml2/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/libxml2-2.9.10.conf ldconfig
make命令,遇到錯誤提示“libxml.c:14:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory”
解決方法如下:
# 可以先查看一下含python-devel的包 yum search python | grep python-devel # 64位安裝python-devel.x86_64,32位安裝python-devel.i686,我這里安裝: sudo yum install python-devel.x86_64 # 進入/usr/include/python2.7看一下現在有沒有Python.h,版本不同目錄名不同,我這里是2.7版本。 # 其實也可以看到很多.h文件,python需要庫或頭文件都在這個地方。
make 命令正常效果:
make install 命令效果:
9、編譯gdal.jar進行 java開發,不需要開發,可以跳過
9.1、 ant 1.10.12
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache//ant/binaries/apache-ant-1.10.12-bin.tar.gz tar -zxvf apache-ant-1.10.12-bin.tar.gz mv apache-ant-1.10.12 /usr/local/ant
9.2、swig 4.0.1
wget http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/swig/swig-4.0.1.tar.gz tar -zxvf swig-4.0.1.tar.gz cd swig-4.0.1 bash ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/swig --without-pcre make && make install
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/swig --without-pcre 命令效果:
make 命令效果:
make install 命令效果:
9.3、配置profile
vim /etc/profile
ANT_HOME=/usr/local/ant SWIG_HOME=/usr/local/swig PATH=$ANT_HOME/bin:$SWIG_HOME/bin:$PATH export ANT_HOME SWIG_HOME
source /etc/profile
查看版本
ant –version
四、安裝GDAL 3.0.4
1、編譯gdal
wget http://download.osgeo.org/gdal/3.0.4/gdal-3.0.4.tar.gz tar -xf gdal-3.0.4.tar.gz cd gdal-3.0.4 bash ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pgsql/plugin/gdal --with-proj=/usr/local/pgsql/plugin/proj --with-geos=/usr/local/pgsql/plugin/geos/bin/geos-config --with-libjson-c=/usr/local/pgsql/plugin/json-c make && make install echo "/usr/local/pgsql/plugin/gdal/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/gdal-3.0.4.conf ldconfig
make 命令效果:
make install 命令效果:
2、配置GDAL環境變量
通過vi /etc/profile去配置gdal/lib、gdal/bin、gdal/data吧,也可以把profile下載到本地改完再上傳
GDAL_HOME=/usr/local/pgsql/plugin/gdal GDAL_DATA=$GDAL_HOME/share/gdal LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$GDAL_HOME/lib:/usr/local/lib64:$JRE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH PATH=$GDAL_HOME/bin:$PATH export PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH GDAL_DATA
3、GDAL安裝完成,看看版本號和支持的數據格式吧
gdalinfo –version
- 如只編譯GDAL的同學,下面的內容可以不用看了,安裝PostGIS的同學,請繼續
五、編譯安裝PostGIS
1、編譯
wget https://download.osgeo.org/postgis/source/postgis-3.0.1.tar.gz tar -xvzf postgis-3.0.1.tar.gz cd postgis-3.0.1 ./configure --with-pgconfig=/usr/local/pgsql/bin/pg_config --with-geosconfig=/usr/local/pgsql/plugin/geos/bin/geos-config --with-projdir=/usr/local/pgsql/plugin/proj --with-gdalconfig=/usr/local/pgsql/plugin/gdal/bin/gdal-config --with-jsondir=/usr/local/pgsql/plugin/json-c --with-pcredir=/usr/local/pcre make && make install
./configure 命令效果:
make 命令效果:
make install 命令效果:
如果編譯安裝PostGIS報錯:
undefined reference to `sqlite3_column_origin_name',解決鏈接參考:https://www.cnblogs.com/xuanmanstein/p/13227545.html
具體做法是在源碼文件夾下
cd /usr/local/src/sqlite-autoconf-3360000 vi ./sqlite3.c
添加
#define SQLITE_CORE 1 #define SQLITE_AMALGAMATION 1 #ifndef SQLITE_PRIVATE # define SQLITE_PRIVATE static #endif
然后 再
./configure
make
make install
2、安裝fuzzystrmatch擴展
cd /usr/local/src/postgresql-12.2/contrib/fuzzystrmatch make && make install
make 命令效果:
make install 命令效果:
3、創建PostGiS數據庫
- 為了PostGIS插件生效,停止啟動服務
systemctl stop postgresql.service
systemctl start postgresql.service
- 創建數據庫
#切換postgres用戶 su postgres #登錄PG數據庫 psql # 創建數據庫 create database postgis; #切換到postgis庫中 \c postgis #顯示一下擴展模塊 \dx
4、創建Postgresql擴展
create extension postgis;
create extension postgis_topology;
create extension fuzzystrmatch;
create extension postgis_tiger_geocoder;
4.1、錯誤
create extension postgis; 報錯如下:
could not load library "/usr/local/pgsql/lib/postgis-3.so": libprotobuf-c.so.1

vi /etc/ld.so.conf #依賴庫比較多時,就直接把依賴庫lib加入系統共享庫,如 /usr/local/lib ldconfig
重新啟動postgresql數據庫。
4.2 擴展成功創建
六、發布gdal項目、讀取TIF高程文件,根據經緯度獲取海拔
1、必須正常執行以下步驟
三、編譯GDAL依賴
四、編譯GDAL 3.0.4
2、編譯生成gdal.jar
2.1 配置java.opt
修改文件:/usr/local/src/gdal-3.0.4/swig/java/java.opt,修改JAVA_HOME的值為java的根目錄 JAVA_HOME = /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_281
2.2 編譯
cd /usr/local/src/gdal-3.0.4/swig/java make && make install
3、JavaWeb應用的 gdal環境配置
3.1、整理文件,把生成的文件放置到gdal/java目錄
mkdir -p /usr/local/pgsql/plugin/gdal/java cp /usr/local/src/gdal-3.0.4/swig/java/gdal.jar /usr/local/pgsql/plugin/gdal/java cp /usr/local/src/gdal-3.0.4/swig/java/.libs/*.so /usr/local/pgsql/plugin/gdal/java
3.2、在centos下, java.library.path/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_281/lib/amd64,放置libgdalalljni.so到此目錄,javaWeb項目從這里加載libgdalalljni.so動態庫
cp /usr/local/src/gdal-3.0.4/swig/java/.libs/*.so /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_281/lib/amd64
3.3、把/swig/java中生成的gdal.jar文件復制到jre/lib/ext,jvm啟動加載
cp /usr/local/src/gdal-3.0.4/swig/java/gdal.jar /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_281/jre/lib/ext vi /etc/profile CLASS_PATH=$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/ext/gdal.jar:$CLASS_PATH source /etc/profile
3.4、在/usr/local/gdal-3.0.4/swig/java/目錄下復制gdal.jar、libgdalalljni.so文件到項目resources/gdal/linux
4、啟動JavaWeb看看吧
- 載入動態庫libgdalalljni.so
http://192.168.1.82:8080/gdal/api/gdal/load
- 注冊gdal驅動
http://192.168.1.82:8080/gdal/api/gdal/register
- shp轉geojson
http://192.168.1.82:8080/gdal/api/gdal/test/shp
- 根據經緯度查詢海拔
http://192.168.1.82:8080/gdal/api/gdal/selectAltitude?lon=101.971729&lat=38.246638
5、可能出現的問題
錯誤1: java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: Native Library /usr/java/packages/lib/amd64/libgdalalljni.so already loaded in another classloader
jvm啟動時已經加載過libgdalalljni.so,不能能再次加載了,在linux系統上無需代碼加載libgdalalljni.so
- 錯誤2:libpq.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory 原因是未設置pg庫到系統動態庫配置請設置ld.so.conf
echo '/usr/local/pgsql/lib' >> /etc/ld.so.conf ldconfig
- 錯誤3:nested exception is java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: org.gdal.ogr.ogrJNI.RegisterAll()V
gdal.jar未放置到/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_281/jre/lib/ext vi /etc/profile CLASS_PATH=$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/ext/gdal.jar:$CLASS_PATH source /etc/profile




































































