一、前期准備
可參考JDK 1.8的安裝教程：
1.2 PostgreSQL安裝
參考鏈接：
注意：SonarQube 7.9起不再支持MySQL數據庫。
1.3 SonarQube下載
下載鏈接：
1.3.1 數庫庫添加
# 創建用戶
create user sonar with password '123456';
# 創建數據庫
create database sonar owner sonar;
# 授權
grant all privileges on database sonar to sonar;
# 切換到sonar數據庫
\c sonar
# 創建schema指定owner
create schema my_schema authorization sonar;
1.4 Sonar-Scanner下載
下載鏈接：
1.5 文件上傳
二、SonarQube安裝
2.1 用戶添加
#添加用戶
useradd sonar
#用戶密碼添加
passwd sonar
2.2 文件解壓
#創建文件
mkdir /usr/local/sonar
# 解壓文件
unzip sonarqube-7.9.5.zip
# 移動文件並重命名
mv sonarqube-7.9.5 /usr/local/sonar/sonarqube
2.3 修改sonarqube用戶組
chown -R sonar:sonar/usr/local/sonar/sonarqube
2.4 優化系統的參數
2.4.1 臨時優化
sysctl -w vm.max_map_count=262144
sysctl -w fs.file-max=65536
ulimit -u 4096 sonar
ulimit -n 65536 sonar
2.4.2 持久優化
2.4.2.1 修改最大線程數
#修改/etc/security/limits.conf文件，增加配置，用戶退出后重新登錄生效
vim /etc/security/limits.conf
2.4.2.2 修改系統配置文件
vim /etc/sysctl.conf
2.5 更改配置文件
2.5.1 配置數據庫登錄用戶和密碼
# 修改配置文件
vim /usr/local/sonar/sonarqube/conf/sonar.properties
sonar.jdbc.username=sonar
sonar.jdbc.password=123456
2.5.2 配置數據庫鏈接池相關屬性
sonar.jdbc.maxActive=60
sonar.jdbc.maxIdle=5
sonar.jdbc.minIdle=2
sonar.jdbc.maxWait=5000
sonar.jdbc.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis=600000
sonar.jdbc.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=30000
2.5.3 配置web訪問相關
sonar.web.host=0.0.0.0
sonar.web.port=9000
2.6 啟動SonarQube
#切換用戶（sonar），必須以sonar用戶啟動
su - sonar
#啟動SonarQube
./usr/local/sonar/sonarqube/bin/linux-x86-64/sonar.sh console #控制台啟動
./usr/local/sonar/sonarqube/bin/linux-x86-64/sonar.sh start #后台啟動
./usr/local/sonar/sonarqube/bin/linux-x86-64/sonar.sh status #啟動狀態
./usr/local/sonar/sonarqube/bin/linux-x86-64/sonar.sh restart #重新啟動
./usr/local/sonar/sonarqube/bin/linux-x86-64/sonar.sh stop #系統停止
2.6.1 數據表查看
2.6.2 頁面登錄
默認登錄賬號：admin，密碼：admin
2.7 SonarQube漢化
2.7.1 插件中心下載
2.7.2 漢化插件離線安裝
插件下載地址：
#上傳文件到指定文件
cd /usr/local/sonar/sonarqube/extensions/plugins
#改變文件用戶組
chown sonar:sonar sonar-l10n-zh-plugin-1.29.jar
2.7.3 重啟系統，查看頁面
2.8 SonarQube加入開機自啟動
2.8.1 創建軟鏈接
ln -s /usr/local/sonar/sonarqube/bin/linux-x86-64/sonar.sh /usr/bin/sonar
2.8.2 創建服務
vim /etc/init.d/sonarqube
cat /etc/init.d/sonarqube
#內容如下
#!/bin/sh
#
# rc file for SonarQube
#
# chkconfig: 345 96 10
# description: SonarQube system (www.sonarsource.org)
#
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: sonar
# Required-Start: $network
# Required-Stop: $network
# Default-Start: 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 2 6
# Short-Description: SonarQube system (www.sonarsource.org)
# Description: SonarQube system (www.sonarsource.org)
### END INIT INFO
#export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/
su sonar /usr/bin/sonar $*
2.8.3 增加執行權限
chmod +x /etc/init.d/sonarqube
2.8.4 添加服務
chkconfig --add sonarqube
2.8.5 配置服務啟動時依賴的jdk
vim /usr/local/sonar/sonarqube/conf/wrapper.conf
2.8.6 加入開機啟動
service sonarqube on
2.8.6 啟動服務
service sonarqube start #啟動
service sonarqube restart #重啟
service sonarqube console #控制台啟動
service sonarqube stop #終止
service sonarqube status #狀態
三、Sonar-Scanner安裝
3.1 文件解壓
#解壓文件
unzip sonar-scanner-cli-4.6.0.2311-linux.zip
#移動文件並重命名
mv sonar-scanner-4.6.0.2311-linux/ /usr/local/sonar/sonarscanner
3.2 添加環境變量
#配置環境變量
vim /etc/profile
#文件末尾添加
export SONAR_SCANNER_HOME=/usr/local/sonar/sonarscanner
export PATH=$PATH:${SONAR_SCANNER_HOME}/bin
保存后執行下面的命令，使配置生效！
# 使配置生效
source /etc/profile
3.3 配置sonar-scanner
#配置文件
vim /usr/local/sonar/sonarscanner/conf/sonar-scanner.properties
3.4 驗證sonar-scanner
sonar-scanner -h
四、SonarQube項目實踐
4.1 使用工具
idea，maven, sonarqube, sonarscanner
4.2 實踐方式
4.2.1 修改maven添加sonar配置+pom文件導入sonar插件
4.2.1.1 maven配置文件修改
<settings>
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>sonar</id>
<properties>
<sonar.jdbc.url>jdbc:postgresql://192.168.61.80/sonar?currentSchema=my_schema</sonar.jdbc.url>
<sonar.jdbc.driver>org.postgresql.Driver</sonar.jdbc.driver>
<sonar.jdbc.username>sonar</sonar.jdbc.username>
<sonar.jdbc.password>123456</sonar.jdbc.password>
<sonar.host.url>http://192.168.61.81:9000/</sonar.host.url>
</properties>
</profile>
</profiles>
<!-- activeProfiles
| List of profiles that are active for all builds.
|
-->
<activeProfiles>
<activeProfile>sonar</activeProfile>
</activeProfiles>
</settings>
4.2.1.2 pom文件添加sonar插件
<plugin>
<groupId>org.sonarsource.scanner.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>sonar-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0.2131</version>
</plugin>
4.2.1.3 執行掃描
4.2.1.4 sonarqube掃描查看
4.2.2 pom文件添加sonar配置和sonar插件
4.2.2.1 添加sonar配置
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>sonar</id>
<properties>
<sonar.jdbc.url>jdbc:postgresql://192.168.61.80/sonar?currentSchema=my_schema</sonar.jdbc.url>
<sonar.jdbc.driver>org.postgresql.Driver</sonar.jdbc.driver>
<sonar.jdbc.username>sonar</sonar.jdbc.username>
<sonar.jdbc.password>123456</sonar.jdbc.password>
<sonar.host.url>http://192.168.61.81:9000/</sonar.host.url>
</properties>
<activation>
<activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
</activation>
</profile>
</profiles>
4.2.2.2 添加sonar配置
<plugin>
<groupId>org.sonarsource.scanner.maven</groupId>
<artifactId>sonar-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0.2131</version>
</plugin>
掃描項目與查看同上
4.2.3 使用sonar-scanner掃描
4.2.3.1 項目根目錄下添加 sonar-project.properties
#項目的key
sonar.projectKey=jenkins-gitlab-key
#項目的名字
sonar.projectName=jenkins-gitlab-sonar-scanner
#項目的版本
sonar.projectVersion=1.0.0
#需要分析的源碼的目錄，多個目錄用英文逗號隔開
sonar.sources=/app/jenkins-gitlab
#二進制文件
sonar.java.binaries=/app/jenkins-gitlab/target/classes
4.2.3.2 sonar-scanner掃描
sonar-scanner
4.2.3.3 SonarQube頁面驗證
4.2.4 Maven命令執行
4.2.4.1 SonarQube建立掃描項目
4.2.4.2 idea新建項目，並執行掃描
掃描命令：
mvn sonar:sonar \
-Dsonar.projectKey=Jenkins-SonarQube \
-Dsonar.host.url=http://192.168.61.81:9000 \
-Dsonar.login=2ddec215c10e5aa8c552bef3c37f32de9c32019a
掃描記錄：
E:\PATS\Projects\JavaLearn\jenkins-sonarqube>mvn sonar:sonar -Dsonar.projectKey=Jenkins-SonarQube -Dsonar.host.url=http://192.168.61.81:9000 -Dsonar.login=2ddec215c10e5aa8c552bef3c37f32
de9c32019a
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] -----------------------< com.jenkins:sonarqube >------------------------
[INFO] Building sonarqube 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- sonar-maven-plugin:3.7.0.1746:sonar (default-cli) @ sonarqube ---
[INFO] User cache: C:\Users\Administrator\.sonar\cache
[INFO] SonarQube version: 7.9.5
[INFO] Default locale: "zh_CN", source code encoding: "UTF-8"
[WARNING] SonarScanner will require Java 11 to run starting in SonarQube 8.x
[INFO] Load global settings
[INFO] Load global settings (done) | time=63ms
[INFO] Server id: 48F3CEBB-AXe5bCYaWLFD_1L1uUGJ
[INFO] User cache: C:\Users\Administrator\.sonar\cache
[INFO] Load/download plugins
[INFO] Load plugins index
[INFO] Load plugins index (done) | time=34ms
[INFO] Plugin [l10nzh] defines 'l10nen' as base plugin. This metadata can be removed from manifest of l10n plugins since version 5.2.
[INFO] Load/download plugins (done) | time=68ms
[INFO] Process project properties
[INFO] Execute project builders
[INFO] Execute project builders (done) | time=6ms
[INFO] Project key: Jenkins-SonarQube
[INFO] Base dir: E:\PATS\Projects\JavaLearn\jenkins-sonarqube
[INFO] Working dir: E:\PATS\Projects\JavaLearn\jenkins-sonarqube\target\sonar
[INFO] Load project settings for component key: 'Jenkins-SonarQube'
[INFO] Load project settings for component key: 'Jenkins-SonarQube' (done) | time=18ms
[INFO] Load quality profiles
[INFO] Load quality profiles (done) | time=45ms
[INFO] Load active rules
[INFO] Load active rules (done) | time=421ms
[INFO] Indexing files...
[INFO] Project configuration:
[INFO] 3 files indexed
[INFO] Quality profile for java: Sonar way
[INFO] Quality profile for xml: Sonar way
[INFO] ------------- Run sensors on module sonarqube
[INFO] Load metrics repository
[INFO] Load metrics repository (done) | time=14ms
[INFO] Sensor JavaSquidSensor [java]
[INFO] Configured Java source version (sonar.java.source): 8
[INFO] JavaClasspath initialization
[INFO] JavaClasspath initialization (done) | time=15ms
[INFO] JavaTestClasspath initialization
[INFO] JavaTestClasspath initialization (done) | time=3ms
[INFO] Java Main Files AST scan
[INFO] 1 source files to be analyzed
[INFO] Load project repositories
[INFO] Load project repositories (done) | time=13ms
[INFO] 1/1 source files have been analyzed
[WARNING] Classes not found during the analysis : [javax.annotation.meta.When]
[INFO] Java Main Files AST scan (done) | time=420ms
[INFO] Java Test Files AST scan
[INFO] 1 source files to be analyzed
[INFO] 1/1 source files have been analyzed
[INFO] Java Test Files AST scan (done) | time=38ms
[INFO] Sensor JavaSquidSensor [java] (done) | time=893ms
[INFO] Sensor JaCoCo XML Report Importer [jacoco]
[INFO] Sensor JaCoCo XML Report Importer [jacoco] (done) | time=5ms
[INFO] Sensor SurefireSensor [java]
[INFO] parsing [E:\PATS\Projects\JavaLearn\jenkins-sonarqube\target\surefire-reports]
[INFO] Sensor SurefireSensor [java] (done) | time=7ms
[INFO] Sensor JaCoCoSensor [java]
[INFO] Sensor JaCoCoSensor [java] (done) | time=3ms
[INFO] Sensor JavaXmlSensor [java]
[INFO] 1 source files to be analyzed
[INFO] Sensor JavaXmlSensor [java] (done) | time=101ms
[INFO] 1/1 source files have been analyzed
[INFO] Sensor HTML [web]
[INFO] Sensor HTML [web] (done) | time=11ms
[INFO] Sensor XML Sensor [xml]
[INFO] 1 source files to be analyzed
[INFO] Sensor XML Sensor [xml] (done) | time=81ms
[INFO] 1/1 source files have been analyzed
[INFO] ------------- Run sensors on project
[INFO] Sensor Zero Coverage Sensor
[INFO] Sensor Zero Coverage Sensor (done) | time=9ms
[INFO] Sensor Java CPD Block Indexer
[INFO] Sensor Java CPD Block Indexer (done) | time=10ms
[INFO] SCM Publisher is disabled
[INFO] 1 file had no CPD blocks
[INFO] Calculating CPD for 0 files
[INFO] CPD calculation finished
[INFO] Analysis report generated in 44ms, dir size=84 KB
[INFO] Analysis report compressed in 47ms, zip size=15 KB
[INFO] Analysis report uploaded in 25ms
[INFO] ANALYSIS SUCCESSFUL, you can browse http://192.168.61.81:9000/dashboard?id=Jenkins-SonarQube
[INFO] Note that you will be able to access the updated dashboard once the server has processed the submitted analysis report
[INFO] More about the report processing at http://192.168.61.81:9000/api/ce/task?id=AXe-hjYigf7k25Y1Cy_3
[INFO] Analysis total time: 3.117 s
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 6.423 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2021-02-20T16:20:03+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
E:\PATS\Projects\JavaLearn\jenkins-sonarqube>
4.2.4.3 頁面驗證
以上，請參考！