VSCode (Visual Studio Code) 配置java環境(Win10)

Visual Studio Code 版本為1.60.2

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1、下載VSCode (Visual Studio Code)

​ 地址： https://code.visualstudio.com/

2、修改應用商店插件下載目錄

​ 目的是節省C盤空間

2.1、創建插件文件夾並將C:\Users\用戶.vscode\extensions下的文件拷貝到此目錄下

2.2、建立鏈接

mklink /D  "C:\Users\*****\.vscode\extensions" "D:\plugins\vscode\extensions"

3、可選插件下載

# 1、Visual Studio Code設置成中文
Chinese (Simplified) Language Pack for Visual Studio Code 
# 2、本地產生一個.history文件夾(管理本地文件修改歷史記錄)
Local History
# 3、代碼管理Gitee倉庫
Gitee
# 4、簡化POJO
Lombok Annotations Support for VS Code
# 5、自動修復一些 bug
Checkstyle for VS Code
# 6、按着 Ctrl 鍵點擊 yml 屬性可以自動跳轉到對應的元文件定義里面
YAML Language Support by Red Hat
# 7、xml
XML Language Support by Red Hat
# 8、正則
any-rule

4、配置JAVA和MAVEN環境

4.1、安裝JAVA擴展包

​ Extension Pack for Java

4.2、配置多個JDK

​ 打開settings.json配置jdk信息

# 指定您的語言服務器的執行環境(注意：雖然 Java 語言服務器需要 JDK 11 或更高版本才能運行，但這不是項目運行時的要求)
"java.home": "E:\\jdk\\java11\\jdk11",
# 指定項目執行環境的選項(運行時名稱必須是以下之一：“J2SE-1.5”、“JavaSE-1.6”、“JavaSE-1.7”、“JavaSE-1.8”、“JavaSE-# # 9”、“JavaSE-10”、“JavaSE-11”、“ JavaSE-12”、“JavaSE-13”、“JavaSE-14”、“JavaSE-15”)
"java.configuration.runtimes": [
        {
            "name": "JavaSE-1.6",
            "path": "E:\\jdk\\java6\\jdk6"
        },
        {
            "name": "JavaSE-1.7",
            "path": "E:\\jdk\\java7\\jdk7"
        },
        {
            "name": "JavaSE-1.8",
            "path": "E:\\jdk\\jdk8",
            "default": true
        },
        {
            "name": "JavaSE-11",
            "path": "E:\\jdk\\java11\\jdk11",
        },
    ],

4.3、配置maven

​ 前提是安裝Maven for Java 插件

# 指定所有mvn命令的默認選項。
"maven.executable.options": "E:\\maven\\apache-maven-3.6.3\\bin\\mvn.cmd",
# 指定settings.xml文件
"java.configuration.maven.userSettings": "E:\\maven\\apache-maven-3.6.3\\conf\\settings.xml",
# 自定義環境變量。在首次執行 Maven 之前，這些環境變量值將被添加到終端會話中
"maven.terminal.customEnv": [
        {
            "environmentVariable": "JAVA_HOME",
            "value": "E:\\jdk\\jdk8"
        }
    ],
# 如果此值為true,並且配置項java.home有值，則在創建新的終端窗口時，將環境變量JAVA_HOME設置為java.home的值
"maven.terminal.useJavaHome": true,

5、日常開發中的快捷鍵設置及說明

5.1、VSCode配置(settings.json文件)

# 顯示底部狀態欄
"workbench.statusBar.visible": true,

5.2、快捷鍵

# intelliSense 自動建議
editor.action.triggerSuggest
# 清除終端日志
workbench.action.terminal.clear
# 代碼折疊
fold cell
# 代碼展開
unfold cell
# 打開集成終端
Toggle Integrated Terminal
# 顯示所有打開的文件
workbench.action.quickOpenNavigateNextInEditorPicker

6、創建Springboot項目驗證

6.1、創建項目

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.4.10</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<groupId>com.vscode</groupId>
	<artifactId>springboot-test</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>war</packaging>
	<name>springboot-test</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
	<properties>
		<java.version>8</java.version>
	</properties>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
			<scope>runtime</scope>
			<optional>true</optional>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
			<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
			<optional>true</optional>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
				<configuration>
					<excludes>
						<exclude>
							<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
							<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
						</exclude>
					</excludes>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

</project>

HelloController.java

package com.vscode.springboottest.controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class HelloController {

    @GetMapping("/")
    public String hello() {
        return "Hello World!";
    }

}

application.yml

# 開發環境配置
server:
  # 服務器的HTTP端口，默認為8080
  port: 8080
  servlet:
    # 應用的訪問路徑
    context-path: /

6.2、運行