Keil MDK STM32系列

配置 PWM 輸出

選擇芯片
System Core -> SYS-> Debug: Serial Wire 防止下次無法燒錄
System Core -> RCC-> High Speed Clock (HSE): Crystal/Ceramic Resonator 啟用外接高速晶振
Clock Configuration: (配置為最高84MHz)選擇外部晶振, 把HSE和PLLCLK連上, 在HCLK上輸入84回車, 軟件會自動調節各節點倍數
Timers -> TIM2
Clock Source: Internel Clock, 使用系統的時鍾源
- Channelx: PWM Generation CHx PWM輸出
- Counter Settings PWM頻率 = 84MHz / (Perscaler + 1) / (Counter Period + 1)
  - Perscaler: 0
  - Counter Mode: Up
  - Counter Period: 256
  - Internal Clock Division(CKD): No Division
  - auto-reload preload: Enable - 如果啟用, 在修改占空比時會等當前周期執行完再變化
- Trigger Output
  - Master/Slave Mode (MSM bit): Disable
  - Trigger Event Selection: Reset (UG bit from TIMx_EGR)
PWM Generation Channel 1
- Mode: PWM mode1
- Pulse: 0
- Output compare perload: Enable
- Fast Mode: Disable
- CH Polarity: High
PWM Generation Channel 2
- ...

PWM 配置, 體現在代碼上的變化

stm32f4xx_hal_conf.h 去掉了TIM的注釋

#define HAL_TIM_MODULE_ENABLED

stm32f4xx_hal_msp.c 增加了初始化方法HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit(), HAL_TIM_MspPostInit(), HAL_TIM_Base_MspDeInit()

void HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit(TIM_HandleTypeDef* htim_base)
{
  if(htim_base->Instance==TIM2)
  {
  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_MspInit 0 */

  /* USER CODE END TIM2_MspInit 0 */
    /* Peripheral clock enable */
    __HAL_RCC_TIM2_CLK_ENABLE();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_MspInit 1 */

  /* USER CODE END TIM2_MspInit 1 */
  }

}

void HAL_TIM_MspPostInit(TIM_HandleTypeDef* htim)
{
  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
  if(htim->Instance==TIM2)
  {
  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_MspPostInit 0 */

  /* USER CODE END TIM2_MspPostInit 0 */

    __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();
    /**TIM2 GPIO Configuration
    PA15     ------> TIM2_CH1
    PB3     ------> TIM2_CH2
    */
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_15;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF1_TIM2;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);

    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_3;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF1_TIM2;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);

  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_MspPostInit 1 */

  /* USER CODE END TIM2_MspPostInit 1 */
  }

}

/**
* @brief TIM_Base MSP De-Initialization
* This function freeze the hardware resources used in this example
* @param htim_base: TIM_Base handle pointer
* @retval None
*/
void HAL_TIM_Base_MspDeInit(TIM_HandleTypeDef* htim_base)
{
  if(htim_base->Instance==TIM2)
  {
  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_MspDeInit 0 */

  /* USER CODE END TIM2_MspDeInit 0 */
    /* Peripheral clock disable */
    __HAL_RCC_TIM2_CLK_DISABLE();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_MspDeInit 1 */

  /* USER CODE END TIM2_MspDeInit 1 */
  }

}

main.c 對TIM2增加初始化方法, TIM的初始化過程與其它外設是不一樣的
這里Prescaler=0, Period=255, 對應84MHz的SYSCLK, 輸出的PWM頻率為84MHz/256 = 32.8125KHz, 用於輸出音頻

TIM_HandleTypeDef htim2;

/**
  * @brief TIM2 Initialization Function
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
static void MX_TIM2_Init(void)
{
  TIM_ClockConfigTypeDef sClockSourceConfig = {0};
  TIM_MasterConfigTypeDef sMasterConfig = {0};
  TIM_OC_InitTypeDef sConfigOC = {0};

  htim2.Instance = TIM2;
  htim2.Init.Prescaler = 0;
  htim2.Init.CounterMode = TIM_COUNTERMODE_UP;
  htim2.Init.Period = 255;
  htim2.Init.ClockDivision = TIM_CLOCKDIVISION_DIV1;
  htim2.Init.AutoReloadPreload = TIM_AUTORELOAD_PRELOAD_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_TIM_Base_Init(&htim2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  sClockSourceConfig.ClockSource = TIM_CLOCKSOURCE_INTERNAL;
  if (HAL_TIM_ConfigClockSource(&htim2, &sClockSourceConfig) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  if (HAL_TIM_PWM_Init(&htim2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  sMasterConfig.MasterOutputTrigger = TIM_TRGO_RESET;
  sMasterConfig.MasterSlaveMode = TIM_MASTERSLAVEMODE_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_TIMEx_MasterConfigSynchronization(&htim2, &sMasterConfig) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  sConfigOC.OCMode = TIM_OCMODE_PWM1;
  sConfigOC.Pulse = 0;
  sConfigOC.OCPolarity = TIM_OCPOLARITY_HIGH;
  sConfigOC.OCFastMode = TIM_OCFAST_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_TIM_PWM_ConfigChannel(&htim2, &sConfigOC, TIM_CHANNEL_1) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  if (HAL_TIM_PWM_ConfigChannel(&htim2, &sConfigOC, TIM_CHANNEL_2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_Init 2 */

  /* USER CODE END TIM2_Init 2 */
  HAL_TIM_MspPostInit(&htim2);

}

配置定時器

通過TIMx配置

勾選 Internal Clock
配置下方參數
Counter Settings
- Prescaler: 0
- Counter Mode: Up
- Counter Period: 1999 這里和Perscaler組合, 實現(0+1)(1999+1)個時鍾的周期
- Internal Clock Division (CKD): No division
- auto-reload preload: Disable
Trigger Output (TRGO) Parameters
- Master/Slave Mode (MSM bit): Disable
- Trigger Envent Selection: Reset
NVIC Settings
- TIM3 global interrupt: Enable

對應代碼變化

stm32f4xx_hal_conf.h 啟用TIM模塊

#define HAL_TIM_MODULE_ENABLED

main.c 除了初始化方法, 還需要添加中斷處理方法

static void MX_TIM3_Init(void)
{
  TIM_ClockConfigTypeDef sClockSourceConfig = {0};
  TIM_MasterConfigTypeDef sMasterConfig = {0};
  htim3.Instance = TIM3;
  htim3.Init.Prescaler = 0;
  htim3.Init.CounterMode = TIM_COUNTERMODE_UP;
  htim3.Init.Period = 1999;
  htim3.Init.ClockDivision = TIM_CLOCKDIVISION_DIV1;
  htim3.Init.AutoReloadPreload = TIM_AUTORELOAD_PRELOAD_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_TIM_Base_Init(&htim3) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  sClockSourceConfig.ClockSource = TIM_CLOCKSOURCE_INTERNAL;
  if (HAL_TIM_ConfigClockSource(&htim3, &sClockSourceConfig) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  sMasterConfig.MasterOutputTrigger = TIM_TRGO_RESET;
  sMasterConfig.MasterSlaveMode = TIM_MASTERSLAVEMODE_DISABLE;
  if (HAL_TIMEx_MasterConfigSynchronization(&htim3, &sMasterConfig) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{
  //...
}

stm32f4xx_hal_msp.c 這里會一起處理其他的TIM實例

void HAL_TIM_Base_MspInit(TIM_HandleTypeDef* htim_base)
{
  if(htim_base->Instance==TIM2)
  {
    // ...
  }
  else if(htim_base->Instance==TIM3)
  {
    __HAL_RCC_TIM3_CLK_ENABLE();
    HAL_NVIC_SetPriority(TIM3_IRQn, 0, 0);
    HAL_NVIC_EnableIRQ(TIM3_IRQn);
  }

}

void HAL_TIM_Base_MspDeInit(TIM_HandleTypeDef* htim_base)
{
  if(htim_base->Instance==TIM2)
  {
    //...
  }
  else if(htim_base->Instance==TIM3)
  {
    __HAL_RCC_TIM3_CLK_DISABLE();
    HAL_NVIC_DisableIRQ(TIM3_IRQn);
  }

}

stm32f4xx_it.h 增加對應的定時中斷處理

void TIM3_IRQHandler(void);

stm32f4xx_it.c

/**
  * @brief This function handles TIM3 global interrupt.
  */
void TIM3_IRQHandler(void)
{
  HAL_TIM_IRQHandler(&htim3);
}

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