部署生產環境高可用Rancher

環境准備：
IP					hostname		cpu/memory      role
192.168.200.150		nginx			2C4G			LB
192.168.200.151		master01-151	4C8G			docker-ce/rke/helm/kubectl
192.168.200.152		master02-152	4C8G			docker-ce/rke
192.168.200.153		master03-153	4C8G			docker-ce/rke

本環境基於CentOS7.6發行版最小化安裝部署，資源並不強行要求可按需分配
(1)設置主機名
(2)設置域名解析
# 生產環境中使用內網dns服務器解析域名
(3)關閉swap交換分區
(4)開放防火牆端口(參考)
portol	port	server	
tcp		22		sshd           
tcp		10250	kubelet       
tcp		10251	kube-schedule ：接收 http 請求，非安全端口，不需要認證授權。
tcp		10259	kube-schedule ：接收 https 請求，安全端口，需要認證授權。
tcp		10252	kube-controll ：接收 http 請求，非安全端口，不需要認證授權。
tcp		10257	kube-controll ：接收 https 請求，安全端口，需要認證授權。
tcp		6443	kube-apiserve 
tcp		2379	etcd
tcp		2380	etcd
udp		8472	overlay2
udp		323		chronyd
(5)設置selinux策略
(6)調整時區時間同步
# 生產環境中使用內網ntp服務器並配置chrony服務
(7)系統其他優化
# 更換國內源、歷史命令審計、修改資源限制、內核參數優化等

軟件版本(所有版本均使用最新穩定版 2021.9.15)：
docker-ce：20.10.8
rke：v1.3.0
kubernetes：v1.21.4-rancher1-1
kubectl：v1.21.4
helm：3.6.3
cert-manager：1.5.3
nginx：v1.20.1

1.安裝docker-ce
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum list --showduplicates docker-ce
yum install -y docker-ce-20.10.8
mkdir -p /etc/docker /data/docker

# 定義docker配置 
vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
	"graph": "/data/docker",
	"storage-driver": "overlay2",
	"insecure-registries": ["registry.access.redhat.com","quay.io","harbor.example.com"],
	"registry-mirrors": ["https://q2gr04ke.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
	"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
	"log-opts": {"max-size":"32M", "max-file":"2"}
}
 
systemctl restart docker
systemctl enable docker

2.加載內核模塊
modprobe -a br_netfilter ip6_udp_tunnel ip_set ip_set_hash_ip ip_set_hash_net \
iptable_filter iptable_nat iptable_mangle iptable_raw nf_conntrack_netlink nf_conntrack \
nf_conntrack_ipv4 nf_defrag_ipv4 nf_nat nf_nat_ipv4 nf_nat_masquerade_ipv4 nfnetlink \
udp_tunnel VETH VXLAN x_tables xt_addrtype xt_conntrack xt_comment xt_mark xt_multiport \
xt_nat xt_recent xt_set xt_statistic xt_tcpudp

3.修改內核參數
cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
EOF

sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.conf

4.創建用戶並配置免密登錄
# rke用戶需要調用docker客戶端工具創建容器
useradd -m -s /bin/bash -G docker rke
echo "123456" | passwd --stdin rke

# rke用戶通過ssh協議遠程安裝和運行服務組件、類似於ceph-deploy
su - rke
ssh-keygen
ssh-copy-id rke@192.168.200.151
ssh-copy-id rke@192.168.200.152
ssh-copy-id rke@192.168.200.153
exit

5.安裝rke
wget https://github.com/rancher/rke/releases/download/v1.3.0/rke_linux-amd64
mv rke_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/rke
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/rke

# 定義集群基礎信息
vim cluster.yml
nodes:
- address: 192.168.200.151
  port: "22"
  internal_address: 192.168.200.151
  role: [controlplane,worker,etcd]
  hostname_override: "master01-151"
  user: rke
  ssh_key_path: /home/rke/.ssh/id_rsa
  ssh_agent_auth: true
  labels: {}
  taints: []
- address: 192.168.200.152
  port: "22"
  internal_address: 192.168.200.152
  role: [controlplane,worker,etcd]
  hostname_override: "master02-152"
  user: rke
  ssh_key_path: /home/rke/.ssh/id_rsa
  ssh_agent_auth: true
  labels: {}
  taints: []
- address: 192.168.200.153
  port: "22"
  internal_address: 192.168.200.153
  role: [controlplane,worker,etcd]
  hostname_override: "master03-153"
  user: rke
  ssh_key_path: /home/rke/.ssh/id_rsa
  ssh_agent_auth: true
  labels: {}
  taints: []
kubernetes_version: "v1.21.4-rancher1-1"
cluster_name: "mycluster"
services:
  etcd:
    backup_config:
        enabled: true
        interval_hours: 6
        retention: 60

# 運行rke
rke up --config ./cluster.yml

6.保存重要文件
# 請保存下文中列出來的所有文件，這些文件可以用於維護集群，排查問題和升級集群。請將這些文件復制並保存到安全的位置：

cluster.yml：RKE 集群的配置文件。
kube_config_cluster.yml：該集群的Kubeconfig 文件包含了獲取該集群所有權限的認證憑據。
cluster.rkestate：Kubernetes 集群狀態文件，包含了獲取該集群所有權限的認證憑據，使用 RKE v0.2.0 時才會創建這個文件。

7.安裝kubectl
wget http://rancher-mirror.cnrancher.com/kubectl/v1.21.4/linux-amd64-v1.21.4-kubectl
mv linux-amd64-v1.21.4-kubectl /usr/local/bin/kubectl
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/kubectl
kubectl version --client

# 拷貝認證文件並查看集群信息
mkdir ~/.kube && cp kube_config_cluster.yml ~/.kube/config
kubectl get cs
kubectl get nodes

8.安裝helm
wget http://rancher-mirror.cnrancher.com/helm/v3.6.3/helm-v3.6.3-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar zxvf  helm-v3.6.3-linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
helm version

# 增加rancher穩定版倉庫
helm repo add rancher-stable http://rancher-mirror.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/server-charts/stable

9.安裝cert-manager
# 創建CRD資源
wget https://github.com/jetstack/cert-manager/releases/download/v1.5.3/cert-manager.crds.yaml
kubectl apply -f cert-manager.crds.yaml

# 增加jetstack倉庫並安裝cert-manager
kubectl create namespace cert-manager
helm repo add jetstack https://charts.jetstack.io
helm repo update
helm install cert-manager jetstack/cert-manager --namespace cert-manager --version v1.5.3
kubectl get pods -n cert-manager

10.安裝Rancher
# hostname定義rancher訪問域名，需配置域名解析
helm install rancher rancher-stable/rancher \
--namespace cattle-system \
--set hostname=rancher.example.com \
--set ingress.tls.source=letsEncrypt \
--set letsEncrypt.email=[e-mail]

# 查詢rancher部署狀態
kubectl -n cattle-system rollout status deploy/rancher
kubectl -n cattle-system get deploy rancher

11.配置負載均衡
# CentOS7.6發行版epel源安裝的nginx/1.20.1默認沒有stream模塊，則需要安裝nginx-all-modules包
yum -y install nginx-all-modules.noarch

# http中server段，將80端口流量重定向到443端口
    server {
        listen         80;
        return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
    }

# stream段配置4層反向代理
stream {
    log_format proxy '$time_local|$remote_addr|$upstream_addr|$protocol|$status|'
                     '$session_time|$upstream_connect_time|$bytes_sent|$bytes_received|'
                     '$upstream_bytes_sent|$upstream_bytes_received' ;
    upstream rancher_servers {
        least_conn;
        server 192.168.200.151:443 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=5s;
        server 192.168.200.152:443 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=5s;
        server 192.168.200.153:443 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=5s;
    }
    server {
        listen     443;
        proxy_pass rancher_servers;
		access_log /var/log/nginx/proxy.log proxy;
    }
}

# 重啟nginx
systemctl restart nginx

12.訪問rancher域名 https://rancher.example.com 新建或增加下游集群，配置到此完成。

附：需要完全卸載rke時提供以下腳本
#!/bin/bash

#殺死所有正在運行的容器
docker stop $(docker ps -a -q)

#刪除所有容器
docker rm -f $(docker ps -qa)

#刪除所有容器卷
docker volume rm $(docker volume ls -q)
  
#卸載mount目錄
for mount in $(mount | grep tmpfs | grep '/var/lib/kubelet' | awk '{ print $3 }') /var/lib/kubelet /var/lib/rancher; do umount $mount; done
  
#刪除殘留路徑
rm -rf /etc/ceph \
       /etc/cni \
       /etc/kubernetes \
       /opt/cni \
       /opt/rke \
       /run/secrets/kubernetes.io \
       /run/calico \
       /run/flannel \
       /var/lib/calico \
       /var/lib/etcd \
       /var/lib/cni \
       /var/lib/kubelet \
       /var/lib/rancher/rke/log \
       /var/log/containers \
       /var/log/pods \

#清理網絡接口
network_interface=`ls /sys/class/net`
for net_inter in $network_interface;
do
  if ! echo $net_inter | grep -qiE 'lo|docker0|eth*|ens*';then
    ip link delete $net_inter
  fi
done
  
#清理殘留進程
port_list='80 443 6443 2376 2379 2380 8472 9099 10250 10254'

for port in $port_list
do
  pid=`netstat -atlnup|grep $port |awk '{print $7}'|awk -F '/' '{print $1}'|grep -v -|sort -rnk2|uniq`
  if [[ -n $pid ]];then
    kill -9 $pid
  fi
done
  
pro_pid=`ps -ef |grep -v grep |grep kube|awk '{print $2}'`

if [[ -n $pro_pid ]];then
  kill -9 $pro_pid
fi

#清理路由規則 
sudo iptables --flush
sudo iptables --flush --table nat
sudo iptables --flush --table filter
sudo iptables --table nat --delete-chain
sudo iptables --table filter --delete-chain

# 重啟docker
sudo systemctl restart docker

參考文檔：
https://docs.rancher.cn/rancher2.5/
https://blog.csdn.net/AmorKlee/article/details/116940446
https://www.cnblogs.com/xiao987334176/p/12981735.html