【后端】SSM（Spring + SpringMVC + Mybatis）框架整合（一）

✨SSM簡介

SSM（Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis）框架集由Spring、MyBatis兩個開源框架整合而成（SpringMVC是Spring中的部分內容）。

常作為數據源較簡單的web項目的框架。

Spring

Spring就像是整個項目中裝配bean的大工廠，在配置文件中可以指定使用特定的參數去調用實體類的構造方法來實例化對象。也可以稱之為項目中的粘合劑。
Spring的核心思想是IoC（控制反轉），即不再需要程序員去顯式地new一個對象，而是讓Spring框架幫你來完成這一切。

SpringMVC

SpringMVC在項目中攔截用戶請求，它的核心Servlet即DispatcherServlet承擔中介或是前台這樣的職責，將用戶請求通過HandlerMapping去匹配Controller，Controller就是具體對應請求所執行的操作。SpringMVC相當於SSH框架中struts。

Mybatis

mybatis是對jdbc的封裝，它讓數據庫底層操作變的透明。mybatis的操作都是圍繞一個sqlSessionFactory實例展開的。mybatis通過配置文件關聯到各實體類的Mapper文件，Mapper文件中配置了每個類對數據庫所需進行的sql語句映射。在每次與數據庫交互時，通過sqlSessionFactory拿到一個sqlSession，再執行sql命令。

SSM整合

頁面發送請求給控制器，控制器調用業務層處理邏輯，邏輯層向持久層發送請求，持久層與數據庫交互，后將結果返回給業務層，業務層將處理邏輯發送給控制器，控制器再調用視圖展現數據。

本博客按照【狂神說Java】SSM框架最新整合教學IDEA版_嗶哩嗶哩_bilibili 進行SSM整合（對應視頻 P1-P3 部分）

后續更新相關功能實現（對應視頻 P4-P7 部分）

！部分代碼和視頻有出入 請自行檢查比對

✨數據庫

CREATE DATABASE `ssm_build`;

USE `ssm_build`;

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;

CREATE TABLE `books` (
`book_id` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '書id',
`book_name` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '書名',
`book_counts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '數量',
`book_detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY `book_id` (`book_id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

INSERT  INTO `books`(`book_id`,`book_name`,`book_counts`,`book_detail`)VALUES
(1,'《Java核心技術》',1,'Java入門'),
(2,'《Effective Java》',10,'Java進階'),
(3,'《深入理解Java虛擬機》',10,'JVM'),
(4,'《A Byte of Python》',10,'Python入門'),
(5,'《大話設計模式》',10,'設計模式');

✨Maven

依賴

<!--    依賴: junit 數據庫驅動 連接池 servlet jsp mybatis mybatis-spring spring-->
    <dependencies>
<!--        Junit-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13.2</version>
        </dependency>
<!--        數據庫驅動-->
        <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>5.1.49</version>
        </dependency>
<!--        數據庫連接池-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.5.5</version>
        </dependency>

<!--        Servlet JSP-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

<!--        Mybatis-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.6</version>
        </dependency>

<!--        Spring-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.9</version>
        </dependency>

<!--        Lombok-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.20</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

靜態資源導出

<!--    靜態資源導出-->
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>false</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

✨項目結構（初始化）

新建軟件包與XML

• com.example.pojo

• com.example.dao

• com.example.service

• com.example.controller

• mybatis-config.xml

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
  <!DOCTYPE configuration
         PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
         "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
  <configuration>
  
  </configuration>
  

• applicationContext.xml

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
  
  </beans>
  

✨Mybatis

database.properties

jdbc.driver = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm_build?useSSL=fasle&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username = root
jdbc.password = root

Mybatis核心配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

<!--    配置數據源 -> Spring-->

<!--    駝峰命名自動映射-->
    <settings>
        <setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true"/>
    </settings>

    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.example.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>

</configuration>

實體類

package com.example.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Books {
    private int bookId;
    private String bookName;
    private int bookCounts;
    private String bookDetail;
}

Mapper接口

package com.example.dao;

import com.example.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;

import java.util.List;

public interface BookMapper {
    int insertBook(Books books);

    int deleteBookById(@Param("bookId") int bookId);

    int updateBook(Books books);

    Books getBookById(@Param("bookId") int bookId);

    @Select("select * from ssm_build.books")
    List<Books> listBooks();
}

Mapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.example.dao.BookMapper">
    <insert id="insertBook" parameterType="books">
        insert into ssm_build.books(book_id, book_name, book_counts, book_detail)
        VALUES (#{bookId}, #{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{bookDetail})
    </insert>
    
    <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
        delete from ssm_build.books where book_id = #{bookId}
    </delete>

    <update id="updateBook" parameterType="books">
        update ssm_build.books
        set book_name = #{bookName}, book_counts = #{bookCounts}, book_detail = #{bookDetail}
        where book_id = #{bookId}
    </update>
    
    <select id="getBookById" resultType="books">
        select * from ssm_build.books where book_id = #{bookId}
    </select>

</mapper>

Service層

接口

package com.example.service;

import com.example.pojo.Books;

import java.util.List;

public interface BookService {
    int insertBook(Books books);

    int deleteBookById(int bookId);

    int updateBook(Books books);

    Books getBookById(int bookId);

    List<Books> listBooks();
}

實現類

package com.example.service;

import com.example.dao.BookMapper;
import com.example.pojo.Books;

import java.util.List;

public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{

//    service層 調 dao層

    private BookMapper bookMapper;

    public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
        this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
    }

    @Override
    public int insertBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapper.insertBook(books);
    }

    @Override
    public int deleteBookById(int bookId) {
        return bookMapper.deleteBookById(bookId);
    }

    @Override
    public int updateBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
    }

    @Override
    public Books getBookById(int bookId) {
        return bookMapper.getBookById(bookId);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Books> listBooks() {
        return bookMapper.listBooks();
    }
}

✨Spring

在 resources 下新建

• spring-dao.xml

• spring-service.xml

Spring整合Mybatis

spring-dao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    
<!--    配置整合Mybatis-->

<!--    1. 關聯數據庫文件 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>

<!--    2. 數據庫連接池 -->
    <!--數據庫連接池
        dbcp 半自動化操作 不能自動連接
        c3p0 自動化操作（自動的加載配置文件 並且設置到對象里面）
        druid hikari
    -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <!-- 配置連接池屬性 -->
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>

        <!-- c3p0連接池的私有屬性 -->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
        <!-- 關閉連接后不自動commit -->
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
        <!-- 獲取連接超時時間 -->
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
        <!-- 當獲取連接失敗重試次數 -->
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
    </bean>

<!--    3. 配置SqlSessionFactory對象 -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 注入數據庫連接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!-- 配置MyBatis全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml -->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>

<!--    4. 配置掃描Dao接口包，動態實現Dao接口注入到Spring容器中-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!-- 給出需要掃描Dao接口包 -->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.example.dao"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

Spring整合service層

spring-service.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

<!--    掃描service相關的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.example.service" />

<!--    BookServiceImpl注入到IOC容器中（可以使用配置或注解實現）-->
    <bean id="bookServiceImpl" class="com.example.service.BookServiceImpl">
        <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
    </bean>

<!--     配置事務管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!-- 注入數據庫連接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    </bean>

<!--    AOP事務支持...-->

</beans>

✨SpringMVC

在 resources 下新建 spring-mvc.xml

添加Web框架支持

在項目根目錄右鍵 -> 添加框架支持

**並在 WEB-INF 下新建目錄 jsp **

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

<!--    DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <!--注意：加載的是總的配置文件-->
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

<!--    encodingFilter 亂碼過濾-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!--Session過期時間-->
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
    </session-config>

</web-app>

spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

<!--    配置SpringMVC -->

<!--    1. 開啟SpringMVC注解驅動-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--    2. 靜態資源默認servlet配置-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

<!--    3. 配置jsp 顯示ViewResolver視圖解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

<!--    4. 掃描web相關的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.example.controller"/>

</beans>

✨配置文件整合

在 applicationContext.xml 中導入各層配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
    <import resource="spring-service.xml"/>
    <import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>
    
</beans>

✨項目結構（SSM整合）

✨參考及引用

SSM（SSM 框架集）_百度百科 (baidu.com)

【狂神說Java】SSM框架最新整合教學IDEA版_嗶哩嗶哩_bilibili

狂神說SpringMVC05：整合SSM框架 (qq.com)

⭐轉載請注明出處

本文作者：雙份濃縮馥芮白

原文鏈接：https://www.cnblogs.com/Flat-White/p/15200766.html

版權所有，如需轉載請注明出處。