ansible(7)--ansible的file模塊

1. file模塊

功能：為被控端創建文件或目錄，設定權限屬性；

主要參數如下：

參數	說明
path	指定遠程服務器的路徑，也可以寫成‘dest’，‘name’
state	狀態，可以將值設定為directory表示創建目錄，設定為touch表示創建文件，設定為link表示創建軟連接，設定為hard表示創建硬連接，設定為absent表示刪除目錄文件或鏈接
mode	文件復制到遠程並設定權限，默認file=644，directory=755
owner	文件復制到遠程並設定屬主，默認為root
group	文件復制到遠程並設定屬組，默認為root
recurese	遞歸修改

• 示例一：創建文件/root/f1.sh，並設定屬主、屬組、權限：

  [root@xuzhichao ~]# ansible NginxWebs -m file -a 'path=/root/f1.sh owner=root group=root mode=755 state=touch'
  192.168.20.23 | CHANGED => {
      "ansible_facts": {
          "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
      }, 
      "changed": true, 
      "dest": "/root/f1.sh", 
      "gid": 0, 
      "group": "root", 
      "mode": "0755", 
      "owner": "root", 
      "size": 0, 
      "state": "file", 
      "uid": 0
  }
  192.168.20.22 | CHANGED => {
      "ansible_facts": {
          "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
      }, 
      "changed": true, 
      "dest": "/root/f1.sh", 
      "gid": 0, 
      "group": "root", 
      "mode": "0755", 
      "owner": "root", 
      "size": 0, 
      "state": "file", 
      "uid": 0
  }
  

• 示例二：修改上例中文件的屬主屬組為xu：

  [root@xuzhichao ~]# ansible NginxWebs -m file -a 'path=/root/f1.sh owner=xu group=xu'
  192.168.20.22 | CHANGED => {
      "ansible_facts": {
          "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
      }, 
      "changed": true, 
      "gid": 1000, 
      "group": "xu", 
      "mode": "0755", 
      "owner": "xu", 
      "path": "/root/f1.sh", 
      "size": 0, 
      "state": "file", 
      "uid": 1000
  }
  192.168.20.23 | CHANGED => {
      "ansible_facts": {
          "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
      }, 
      "changed": true, 
      "gid": 1000, 
      "group": "xu", 
      "mode": "0755", 
      "owner": "xu", 
      "path": "/root/f1.sh", 
      "size": 0, 
      "state": "file", 
      "uid": 1000
  }
  
  [root@nginx03 ~]# ll /root/f1.sh 
  -rwxr-xr-x 1 xu xu 0 Aug  1 22:22 /root/f1.sh
  

• 示例三：創建目錄/root/test/，並設定屬主、屬組、權限

  [root@xuzhichao ~]# ansible NginxWebs -m file -a 'path=/root/test owner=root group=root mode=755 state=directory' 
  192.168.20.23 | CHANGED => {
      "ansible_facts": {
          "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
      }, 
      "changed": true, 
      "gid": 0, 
      "group": "root", 
      "mode": "0755", 
      "owner": "root", 
      "path": "/root/test", 
      "size": 6, 
      "state": "directory", 
      "uid": 0
  }
  192.168.20.22 | CHANGED => {
      "ansible_facts": {
          "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
      }, 
      "changed": true, 
      "gid": 0, 
      "group": "root", 
      "mode": "0755", 
      "owner": "root", 
      "path": "/root/test", 
      "size": 6, 
      "state": "directory", 
      "uid": 0
  }
  
  [root@nginx03 ~]# ll /root/test/ -d
  drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 6 Aug  1 22:26 /root/test/
  

• 示例四：為/root/f1.sh創建軟鏈接文件/root/f1.sh.link：

  [root@xuzhichao ~]# ansible NginxWebs -m file -a 'src=/root/f1.sh dest=/root/f1.sh.link state=link' 
  192.168.20.23 | CHANGED => {
      "ansible_facts": {
          "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
      }, 
      "changed": true, 
      "dest": "/root/f1.sh.link", 
      "gid": 0, 
      "group": "root", 
      "mode": "0777", 
      "owner": "root", 
      "size": 11, 
      "src": "/root/f1.sh", 
      "state": "link", 
      "uid": 0
  }
  192.168.20.22 | CHANGED => {
      "ansible_facts": {
          "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
      }, 
      "changed": true, 
      "dest": "/root/f1.sh.link", 
      "gid": 0, 
      "group": "root", 
      "mode": "0777", 
      "owner": "root", 
      "size": 11, 
      "src": "/root/f1.sh", 
      "state": "link", 
      "uid": 0
  }
  
  [root@nginx03 ~]# ll /root/f1.sh*
  -rwxr-xr-x 1 xu   xu    0 Aug  1 22:22 /root/f1.sh
  lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 11 Aug  1 22:28 /root/f1.sh.link -> /root/f1.sh
  

• 示例五：刪除以上示例中創建的目錄和文件：

  [root@xuzhichao ~]# ansible NginxWebs -m file -a 'path=/root/f1.sh.link state=absent' 
  192.168.20.23 | CHANGED => {
      "ansible_facts": {
          "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
      }, 
      "changed": true, 
      "path": "/root/f1.sh.link", 
      "state": "absent"
  }
  192.168.20.22 | CHANGED => {
      "ansible_facts": {
          "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
      }, 
      "changed": true, 
      "path": "/root/f1.sh.link", 
      "state": "absent"
  }
  [root@xuzhichao ~]# ansible NginxWebs -m file -a 'path=/root/f1.sh state=absent' 
  
  [root@xuzhichao ~]# ansible NginxWebs -m file -a 'path=/root/test state=absent' 
  

• 示例六：也可以刪除一級目錄（掛載點），會報錯，但是可以清楚數據：

  [root@localhost /data] #ansible app -m file -a 'dest=/data/ state=absent'
  192.168.169.130 | FAILED! => {
      "changed": false,      <==報錯
  
  [root@localhost /data] #ansible app  -a 'ls -l /data/'
  total 0               <==數據已經清空
  

• 示例七：遞歸授權目錄，類似於-R的作用：

  [root@manger ~]# ansible webservers -m file -a "path=/tmp/foo state=directory owner=root group=root mode=777 recurse=yes"