前端CryptoJS加密、后端解密代碼實現參考


前端CryptoJS加密、后端解密代碼實現參考

1、使用AES算法的CBC模式加密

1.1、前端加密代碼實現參考

vue項目需要安裝CryptoJS安裝包,安裝命令如下:

npm install crypto-js

在項目中引入CryptoJS

import CryptoJS from 'crypto-js'

參考代碼如下:

<script>
     // 此處key為16進制
     let key = '385f33cb91484b04a177828829081ab7';
     console.log('密鑰:', key);
     // key格式化處理
     key = CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(key)
     // 偏移量長度為16位, 注:偏移量需要與后端定義好,保證一致
     let iv = "37fa77f6a3b0462d";
     iv = CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse("37fa77f6a3b0462d");
     // 加密內容
     const source = {
    	"username": "用戶名",
    	"password": "密碼",
    	"timestamp": new Date().getTime()
	}
	const content = JSON.stringify(source);
     console.log('加密前:', source);
     // 加密方法
     const encryptedContent = CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(content, key, {
         iv: iv,
         mode: CryptoJS.mode.CBC,  
         padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7
     })
     const encStr = encryptedContent.ciphertext.toString()
     console.log("加密后:", encStr);
     // 解密方法
     const decryptedContent = CryptoJS.AES.decrypt(CryptoJS.format.Hex.parse(encStr), key, {
         iv: iv,
         mode: CryptoJS.mode.CBC,  
         padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7
     })
     console.log('解密:',CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.stringify(decryptedContent));
</script>

前端打印結果

說明

1> CBC模式前、后端需要確定偏移量的值,並且保持一致,這樣才能確保后端解密成功。

2> 前端CBC模式或者ECB模式下的填充方式 Pkcs7,對應后端AES算法模式中的 PKCS5Padding 填充方式

3> CryptoJS對應的API文檔地址:https://cryptojs.gitbook.io/docs/#encoders

1.2、后端解密代碼實現參考

后端代碼實現需要引入的maven依賴如下:

<dependency>
    <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
    <version>1.15</version>
</dependency>

參考代碼實現如下:

import org.apache.commons.codec.DecoderException;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex;

import javax.crypto.*;
import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;

/**
 * AES對稱加密工具類
 *
 * @author 星空流年
 */
public class AesUtil {
    /**
     * 偏移量
     *
     * 說明:偏移量字符串必須是16位 當模式是CBC的時候必須設置偏移量
     * 此處值與前端偏移量值保持一致
     */
    private static String iv = "37fa77f6a3b0462d";

    /**
     * 加密算法
     */
    private static String Algorithm = "AES";

    /**
     * 算法/模式/補碼方式
     */
    private static String AlgorithmProvider = "AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding";

    /**
     * 加密
     *
     * @param src 加密內容
     * @param uniqueKey 加密key
     * @return
     * @throws NoSuchPaddingException
     * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
     * @throws InvalidKeyException
     * @throws BadPaddingException
     * @throws IllegalBlockSizeException
     * @throws InvalidAlgorithmParameterException
     * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
     */
    public static String encrypt(String src, String uniqueKey) throws NoSuchPaddingException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeyException, BadPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException, InvalidAlgorithmParameterException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
        byte[] key = uniqueKey.getBytes();
        SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(key, Algorithm);
        IvParameterSpec ivParameterSpec = new IvParameterSpec(iv.getBytes("utf-8"));
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(AlgorithmProvider);
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey, ivParameterSpec);
        byte[] cipherBytes = cipher.doFinal(src.getBytes("UTF-8"));
        return byteToHexString(cipherBytes);
    }

    /**
     * 解密
     *
     * @param enc       加密內容
     * @param uniqueKey 唯一key
     * @return
     * @throws NoSuchPaddingException
     * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
     * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
     * @throws InvalidAlgorithmParameterException
     * @throws InvalidKeyException
     * @throws DecoderException
     * @throws BadPaddingException
     * @throws IllegalBlockSizeException
     */
    public static String decrypt(String enc, String uniqueKey) throws NoSuchPaddingException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, UnsupportedEncodingException, InvalidAlgorithmParameterException, InvalidKeyException, DecoderException, BadPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException {
        byte[] key = uniqueKey.getBytes();
        SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(key, Algorithm);
        IvParameterSpec ivParameterSpec = new IvParameterSpec(iv.getBytes("utf-8"));
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(AlgorithmProvider);
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey, ivParameterSpec);
        byte[] hexBytes = hexStringToBytes(enc);
        byte[] plainBytes = cipher.doFinal(hexBytes);
        return new String(plainBytes, "UTF-8");
    }

    /**
     * 將byte數組轉換為16進制字符串
     *
     * @param src
     * @return
     */
    private static String byteToHexString(byte[] src) {
        return Hex.encodeHexString(src);
    }

    /**
     * 將16進制字符串轉換為byte數組
     *
     * @param hexString
     * @return
     */
    private static byte[] hexStringToBytes(String hexString) throws DecoderException {
        return Hex.decodeHex(hexString);
    }

    /**
     * AES加密、解密測試方法
     *
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            // 唯一key作為密鑰
            String uniqueKey = "385f33cb91484b04a177828829081ab7";
            // 加密前數據,此處數據與前端數據一致(加密內容包含有時間戳),請注意查看前端加密前數據
            String src = "{\"username\":\"用戶名\",\"password\":\"密碼\",\"timestamp\":1628218094188}";
            System.out.println("密鑰:" + uniqueKey);
            System.out.println("原字符串:" + src);
            // 加密
            String encrypt = encrypt(src, uniqueKey);
            System.out.println("加密:" + encrypt);
            // 解密
            String decrypt = decrypt(encrypt, uniqueKey);
            System.out.println("解密:" + decrypt);
        } catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (BadPaddingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

測試結果

2、使用AES算法的ECB模式加密

前面也說到,AES的ECB和CBC模式下的填充方式 Pkcs7,對應后端AES算法模式中的 PKCS5Padding 填充方式,只不過CBC模式需要添加偏移量,而ECB模式則不需要,大體實現方式本質上沒有太大差別。

2.1、前端加密代碼實現參考

vue項目需要安裝CryptoJS安裝包,安裝命令如下:

npm install crypto-js

在項目中引入CryptoJS

import CryptoJS from 'crypto-js'

參考代碼如下:

<script>
     // 此處key為16進制
     let key = '385f33cb91484b04a177828829081ab7';
     console.log('密鑰:', key);
     // key格式化處理
     key = CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.parse(key)
	// 加密內容
     const source = {
    	"username": "用戶名",
    	"password": "密碼",
    	"timestamp": new Date().getTime()
	}
	const content = JSON.stringify(source);
     console.log('加密前:', source);
     // 加密方法
     const encryptedContent = CryptoJS.AES.encrypt(content, key, {
         mode: CryptoJS.mode.ECB,  
         padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7
     })
     const encStr = encryptedContent.ciphertext.toString()
     console.log('加密后:', encStr);
     // 解密方法
     const decryptedContent = CryptoJS.AES.decrypt(CryptoJS.format.Hex.parse(encStr), key, {
         mode: CryptoJS.mode.ECB,  
         padding: CryptoJS.pad.Pkcs7
     })
     console.log('解密:',CryptoJS.enc.Utf8.stringify(decryptedContent));
</script>

前端打印結果

2.2、后端加密代碼實現參考

import org.apache.commons.codec.DecoderException;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex;

import javax.crypto.*;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException;
import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;

/**
 * AES對稱加密工具類
 *
 * @author 星空流年
 */
public class AesUtil {
    /**
     * 加密算法
     */
    private static String Algorithm = "AES";

    /**
     * 算法/模式/補碼方式
     */
    private static String AlgorithmProvider = "AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding";

    /**
     * 加密
     *
     * @param src       原內容
     * @param uniqueKey 唯一key
     * @return
     * @throws NoSuchPaddingException
     * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
     * @throws InvalidKeyException
     * @throws BadPaddingException
     * @throws IllegalBlockSizeException
     * @throws DecoderException
     */
    public static String encrypt(String src, String uniqueKey) throws NoSuchPaddingException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeyException, BadPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException, DecoderException {
        byte[] key = uniqueKey.getBytes();
        SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(key, Algorithm);
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(AlgorithmProvider);
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
        byte[] cipherBytes = cipher.doFinal(src.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
        return byteToHexString(cipherBytes);
    }

    /**
     * 解密
     *
     * @param enc       加密內容
     * @param uniqueKey 唯一key
     * @return
     * @throws NoSuchPaddingException
     * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
     * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
     * @throws InvalidAlgorithmParameterException
     * @throws InvalidKeyException
     * @throws DecoderException
     * @throws BadPaddingException
     * @throws IllegalBlockSizeException
     */
    public static String decrypt(String enc, String uniqueKey) throws NoSuchPaddingException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, UnsupportedEncodingException, InvalidAlgorithmParameterException, InvalidKeyException, DecoderException, BadPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException {
        byte[] key = uniqueKey.getBytes();
        SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(key, Algorithm);
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(AlgorithmProvider);
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
        byte[] hexBytes = hexStringToBytes(enc);
        byte[] plainBytes = cipher.doFinal(hexBytes);
        return new String(plainBytes, SystemConstants.UTF_8);
    }

    /**
     * 將byte數組轉換為16進制字符串
     *
     * @param src
     * @return
     */
    private static String byteToHexString(byte[] src) {
        return Hex.encodeHexString(src);
    }

    /**
     * 將16進制字符串轉換為byte數組
     *
     * @param hexString
     * @return
     */
    private static byte[] hexStringToBytes(String hexString) throws DecoderException {
        return Hex.decodeHex(hexString);
    }

    /**
     * AES加密、解密測試方法
     *
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            // 唯一key作為密鑰
            String uniqueKey = "385f33cb91484b04a177828829081ab7";
            // 加密前數據,此處數據與前端數據一致(加密內容包含有時間戳),請注意查看前端加密前數據
            String src = "{\"username\":\"用戶名\",\"password\":\"密碼\",\"timestamp\":1628220492939}";
            System.out.println("密鑰:" + uniqueKey);
            System.out.println("原字符串:" + src);
            // 加密
            String encrypt = encrypt(src, uniqueKey);
            System.out.println("加密:" + encrypt);
            // 解密
            String decrypt = decrypt(encrypt, uniqueKey);
            System.out.println("解密:" + decrypt);
        } catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (BadPaddingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

測試結果

參考內容:

1、https://blog.csdn.net/lsvtogergo/article/details/80804312
2、https://cryptojs.gitbook.io/docs/#encoders
3、https://www.cnblogs.com/hetutu-5238/p/10648116.html


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