Android8.0+跨應用發送廣播和跨應用啟動前台服務

Android8.0開始發送廣播方式以及啟動服務的方式有變更，舊的方式已失效。

新的方式如下：

發送方：

1. 發送前台廣播需要權限  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE" />

2-1 接收方為動態注冊的廣播，這樣發送：

Intent intentTest = new Intent();
intentTest.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
intentTest.setAction("你的Action");
sendBroadcast(intentTest);

2-2 接收方為靜態注冊的廣播，這樣發送：

Intent intentTwo = new Intent();
intentTwo.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
intentTwo.setAction(TEST_ACTION_2);
intentTwo.setComponent(new ComponentName("包名", "包名+ 類名如MyBroadcastReceiver"));//完整路徑
sendBroadcast(intentTwo);

3 啟動前台服務：

Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction("你的Action");
intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
intent.setComponent(new ComponentName("包名", "包名+類名如MyService"));//完整路徑
intent.setPackage("com.lzui.startservicetest");
if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
    startForegroundService(intent);
} else {
    startService(intent);
}

接收方：

1. 動態廣播代碼注冊即可

2. 靜態廣播

<receiver android:name="包名+.MyBroadcastReceiver"> <!--完整路徑-->
    <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="你的Action" />
    </intent-filter>
</receiver>

3. 服務

<service
    android:name=".MyService"
    android:exported="true">
    <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="你的Action" />
    </intent-filter>
</service>

接收的服務需要設置前台服務，否則5秒后系統會報錯，在onCreate或者onStartCommand里面都可以

public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
   //靜默通知
   silentForegroundNotification();

}

private void silentForegroundNotification(Context context) {
    //適配8.0service
    NotificationManager notificationManager = (NotificationManager) context.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
    NotificationChannel mChannel = null;
    if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.O && notificationManager != null) {
        mChannel = new NotificationChannel(CHANNEL_ID_STRING, "one", NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH);
        notificationManager.createNotificationChannel(mChannel);
        Notification notification = new Notification.Builder(getApplicationContext(), CHANNEL_ID_STRING).build();
        startForeground(1, notification);
    }

    //以下方式也可以 （不是靜默）
    /*String ID = "com.example.service1";  //這里的id里面輸入自己的項目的包的路徑
    String NAME = "Channel One";
    Intent intent = new Intent(MyService.this, MainActivity.class);
    PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, intent, 0);
    NotificationCompat.Builder notification; //創建服務對象
    NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
        NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel(ID, NAME, manager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH);
        channel.enableLights(true);
        channel.setShowBadge(true);
        channel.setLockscreenVisibility(Notification.VISIBILITY_PUBLIC);
        manager.createNotificationChannel(channel);
        notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(MyService.this).setChannelId(ID);
    } else {
        notification = new NotificationCompat.Builder(MyService.this);
    }
    notification.setContentTitle("標題")
            .setContentText("內容")
            .setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis())
            .setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
            .setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.mipmap.ic_launcher))
            .setContentIntent(pendingIntent)
            .build();
    Notification notification1 = notification.build();
    startForeground(1,notification1);*/
}

至此，適配OK，親測有效。