Mapbox之vector tiles(矢量切片)

Vector tiles make huge maps fast while offering full design flexibility. The vector tile format is the vector data equivalent of raster image tiles for web mapping, with the strengths of tiling: optimized for caching, scaling, and serving map imagery rapidly.

矢量切片可以讓巨大的地圖變得更快，同時提供充分的設計靈活性。矢量切片格式是矢量數據，相當於用於web地圖的光柵圖像平鋪，具有平鋪的優點：針對緩存、縮放和快速服務地圖圖像進行了優化。

The Mapbox-owned vector tilesets described in this documentation are freely available for developers to use as data sources. Mapbox-maintained styles use these tilesets as data sources.

本文檔中描述的Mapbox擁有的向量tileset可免費提供給開發人員用作數據源。Mapbox維護的樣式將這些平鋪集用作數據源。

These vector tile reference documents include information to help you style the data from each tileset. You can refer to these documents to find information about layers, data fields, data sources, and more.

這些矢量切片參考文檔包含幫助您設置每個平鋪集數據樣式的信息。您可以參考這些文檔來查找有關圖層、數據字段、數據源等的信息。

How web maps work網絡地圖是如何工作的

Traditionally, maps are created from image tiles. Like for instance this PNG image tile depicting the corner of lower Manhattan with roads, building footprints, and parks:

傳統地，地圖是使用圖片切片制作的。例如這張PNG圖像切片描述了曼哈頓的一角，包含道路、建築物和公園：

To get the underlying vector tile data that makes up this image, you can request it specifically:

要獲取構成此圖像的底層矢量平鋪數據，可以特別請求它：

http://a.tiles.mapbox.com/v4/mapbox.mapbox-streets-v8/14/4823/6160.mvt?access_token=<your access token>

As the name suggests, vector tiles contain vector data instead of the rendered image. They contain geometries and metadata — like road names, place names, house numbers — in a compact, structured format. Vector tiles are rendered only when requested by a client, like a web browser or a mobile app. Rendering happens either in the client (Mapbox GL JS, Mapbox iOS SDK, Mapbox Android SDK) or dynamically on the server (map API). Read the Mapbox Vector Tile Specification to learn more.

顧名思義，矢量平鋪包含矢量數據，而不是渲染圖像。它們以緊湊、結構化的格式包含幾何圖形和元數據，如道路名稱、地名、房屋編號。矢量圖塊僅在客戶端（如web瀏覽器或移動應用程序）請求時呈現。渲染可以在客戶端（Mapbox GL JS、Mapbox iOS SDK、Mapbox Android SDK）中進行，也可以在服務器（map API）上動態進行。閱讀Mapbox矢量平鋪規范以了解更多信息。（矢量切片可以提前切好，也可以實時生成）

Benefits of vector tiles矢量切片的好處

Vector tiles have two important advantages over fully rendered image tiles:

與完全渲染的圖像分片相比，矢量分片有兩個重要的優點：

Styling: as vectors, tiles can be styled when requested, allowing for many map styles on global data

樣式：作為向量，可以在請求時設置樣式，允許在全局數據上使用多種地圖樣式

Size: vector tiles are really small, enabling global high resolution maps, fast map loads, and efficient caching

尺寸：矢量圖塊非常小，支持全局高分辨率地圖、快速地圖加載和高效緩存

Mapbox Streets, our global basemap, is entirely made of vector tiles. Any map data you upload with Mapbox Studio is converted into vector tiles before styling.

地圖盒街道，我們的全球基礎地圖，是完全由矢量切片制作的。使用Mapbox Studio上載的任何地圖數據在設置樣式之前都會轉換為矢量分幅。

Open standard開放標准

Vector tiles are an open standard under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 US License. We support vector tiles across our products and there is a large list of vector tile implementation by other vendors.

矢量切片是一個開放標准。我們支持矢量切片，並且有一個由其他供應商實現的矢量切片的大列表。

Read the Mapbox Vector Tile Spec on GitHub and get in touch with us there with feedback and improvements.

閱讀GitHub上的Mapbox矢量切片規范，並與我們聯系，提供反饋和改進。