Samba服務器通信協議（Server Messages Block）就是是為了解決局域網內的文件或打印機等資源的共享服務問題，讓多個主機之間共享文件變成越來越簡單
一、前置條件
1.Linux和Windows系統之間網絡能互通
[root@samba ~]# ping 192.168.205.89
PING 192.168.205.89 (192.168.205.89) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.205.89: icmp_seq=1 ttl=125 time=0.570 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.205.89: icmp_seq=2 ttl=125 time=0.497 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.205.89: icmp_seq=3 ttl=125 time=1.08 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.205.89: icmp_seq=4 ttl=125 time=1.36 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.205.89: icmp_seq=5 ttl=125 time=0.498 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.205.89: icmp_seq=6 ttl=125 time=0.615 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.205.89: icmp_seq=7 ttl=125 time=0.511 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.205.89: icmp_seq=8 ttl=125 time=2.72 ms
2.檢查linux系統版本
[root@samba ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 8.3.2011
3.檢查selinux狀態
[root@samba ~]# getenforce
Disabled
【此狀態為關閉狀態，若不是請按如下操作】
關閉SELINUX
[root@bogon ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux
重啟系統
[root@bogon ~]# reboot
4.檢查firewall狀態
[root@samba ~]# firewall-cmd --state
否則，按照下述操作關閉防火牆
#關閉防火牆
systemctl stop firewalld
#開機禁用防火牆
systemctl disable firewalld
二、安裝samba服務端
1.檢查linux系統是否安裝了Samba
[root@samba ~]# rpm -qa|grep samba
2.安裝Samba
[root@samba ~]# yum install -y samba
Last metadata expiration check: 2:58:07 ago on Fri 16 Jul 2021 02:55:28 PM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
=============================================================================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
=============================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
samba x86_64 4.13.3-3.el8 baseos 846 k
Installing dependencies:
libwbclient x86_64 4.13.3-3.el8 baseos 119 k
samba-client-libs x86_64 4.13.3-3.el8 baseos 5.4 M
samba-common noarch 4.13.3-3.el8 baseos 218 k
samba-common-libs x86_64 4.13.3-3.el8 baseos 171 k
samba-common-tools x86_64 4.13.3-3.el8 baseos 498 k
samba-libs x86_64 4.13.3-3.el8 baseos 168 k
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================================
Install 7 Packages
Total download size: 7.4 M
Installed size: 25 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/7): libwbclient-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64.rpm 2.6 MB/s | 119 kB 00:00
(2/7): samba-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64.rpm 11 MB/s | 846 kB 00:00
(3/7): samba-common-4.13.3-3.el8.noarch.rpm 5.1 MB/s | 218 kB 00:00
(4/7): samba-common-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64.rpm 10 MB/s | 171 kB 00:00
(5/7): samba-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64.rpm 7.5 MB/s | 168 kB 00:00
(6/7): samba-common-tools-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64.rpm 11 MB/s | 498 kB 00:00
(7/7): samba-client-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64.rpm 35 MB/s | 5.4 MB 00:00
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 13 MB/s | 7.4 MB 00:00
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Running scriptlet: samba-common-4.13.3-3.el8.noarch 1/7
Installing : samba-common-4.13.3-3.el8.noarch 1/7
Running scriptlet: samba-common-4.13.3-3.el8.noarch 1/7
Installing : samba-client-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 2/7
Installing : libwbclient-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 3/7
Installing : samba-common-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 4/7
Installing : samba-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 5/7
Installing : samba-common-tools-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 6/7
Installing : samba-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 7/7
Running scriptlet: samba-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 7/7
Running scriptlet: libwbclient-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 7/7
Running scriptlet: samba-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 7/7
Verifying : libwbclient-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 1/7
Verifying : samba-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 2/7
Verifying : samba-client-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 3/7
Verifying : samba-common-4.13.3-3.el8.noarch 4/7
Verifying : samba-common-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 5/7
Verifying : samba-common-tools-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 6/7
Verifying : samba-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 7/7
Installed:
libwbclient-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 samba-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 samba-client-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 samba-common-4.13.3-3.el8.noarch
samba-common-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 samba-common-tools-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64 samba-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64
Complete!
三、配置samba服務端
1.創建smb的訪問賬戶和密碼
[root@samba home]# adduser myshare
[root@samba home]# passwd myshare
Changing password for user myshare.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: The password fails the dictionary check - it is based on a dictionary word
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
2.設置文件所有者和文件關聯組的,-R : 處理指定目錄以及其子目錄下的所有文件
[root@samba home]# chown -R myshare /home/myshare/
3.變更文件或目錄的所屬群組
[root@samba home]# chgrp -R myshare /home/myshare/
4.控制用戶對文件的權限的命令
[root@samba home]# chmod -R 777 /home/myshare/
5.修改/etc/samba/smb.conf文件，配置共享文件
[root@samba myshare]# vim /etc/samba/smb.conf
# See smb.conf.example for a more detailed config file or
# read the smb.conf manpage.
# Run 'testparm' to verify the config is correct after
# you modified it.
[global]
workgroup = SAMBA
security = user
map to guest = Bad User //可以查看共享的根文件夾名，如果刪除，登陸服務器就需要用戶名和密碼
passdb backend = tdbsam
printing = cups
printcap name = cups
load printers = yes
cups options = raw
[homes]
comment = Home Directories
valid users = %S, %D%w%S
browseable = No
read only = No
inherit acls = Yes
[printers]
comment = All Printers
printing = cups
printcap name = cups
load printers = yes
cups options = raw
[homes]
comment = Home Directories
valid users = %S, %D%w%S
browseable = No
read only = No
inherit acls = Yes
[printers]
comment = All Printers
path = /var/tmp
printable = Yes
create mask = 0600
browseable = No
[print$]
comment = Printer Drivers
path = /var/lib/samba/drivers
write list = @printadmin root
force group = @printadmin
create mask = 0664
directory mask = 0775
[share]
path = /home/myshare//共享目錄的路徑
writable = yes //取消此句不可寫入，只能瀏覽
guest ok = yes//取消此句不可瀏覽，提示沒有權限
6.增加共享目錄文件的操作
[root@samba opt]# mkdir Download
[root@samba opt]# chown -R myshare /opt/Download/
[root@samba opt]# chgrp -R myshare /opt/Download/
[root@samba opt]# chmod -R 777 /opt/Download/
[root@samba myshare]# vim /etc/samba/smb.conf
【操作過程基本與上述一致，增加更多以此類推】
四、啟動smb
1.啟動smb
[root@samba ~]# systemctl start smb
2.enable開機自動啟動
[root@samba ~]# systemctl enable smb
3.查看服務是否啟動：Active：active(running)代表啟動成功
[root@samba ~]# systemctl status smb
五、驗證
1.打開WIN + R
2.此處我配置的是免密登錄，因此回車后直接接入共享文件夾
【如果配置的是賬號密碼登錄，則會彈出登錄窗口，輸入賬號和密碼即可】
3.不管是windows還是linux創建文檔，實現了同步與共享
六、卸載 samba
第一、 首先檢查Samba服務包
rpm -qa | grep samba
第二、逐個刪除，輸入命令#rpm -e samba
[root@samba ~]# rpm -e samba-common-tools-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64
第三、逐個刪除，輸入命令#rpm -e samba
[root@samba ~]# rpm -e samba-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64
第四、剩下的可能刪不掉，則使用rpm -e --nodeps去刪除
[root@samba ~]# rpm -e --nodeps samba-client-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64
[root@samba ~]# rpm -e --nodeps samba-common-libs-4.13.3-3.el8.x86_64
[root@samba ~]# rpm -e --nodeps samba-common-4.13.3-3.el8.noarch
samba已經不存在了
