------------恢復內容開始------------
操作服務器：主數據庫
#備份mysql中所有數據庫數據
./mysqldump -h主數據庫ip -uroot -p -P3308 --all-databases > /data0/all_db.sql
2、停庫
操作服務器：主備數據庫均操作
systemctl stop mysqld.service
#查看是否有進程
ps -ef|grep mysql
3、更改mysql數據目錄
操作服務器主數據庫，從數據庫
mv /data0/mysql_data /data0/mysql_data_bak0617
4、修改配置文件
操作服務器：主數據庫，從數據庫
vim /etc/my.cnf
在mysqld內最后一行增加：
lower_case_table_names=1
5、初始化mysql
操作服務器：主數據庫，從數據庫
systemctl restart mysqld.service ###本次重啟無效，需要初始化數據庫，見下方
主庫初始化數據庫
#初始化數據庫，使用mysql用戶，配置文件為自己定義的配置文件路徑
[root@host197 bin]# ./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql
2021-06-17T09:43:42.456722Z 0 [Warning] [MY-011070] [Server] 'Disabling symbolic links using --skip-symbolic-links (or equivalent) is the default. Consider not using this option as it' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release.
2021-06-17T09:43:42.456830Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.22) initializing of server in progress as process 120206
2021-06-17T09:43:42.457986Z 0 [Warning] [MY-013242] [Server] --character-set-server: 'utf8' is currently an alias for the character set UTF8MB3, but will be an alias for UTF8MB4 in a future release. Please consider using UTF8MB4 in order to be unambiguous.
2021-06-17T09:43:42.490413Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2021-06-17T09:43:47.935612Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2021-06-17T09:44:01.978514Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 4G(bUW.Fwnzd
### 4G(bUW.Fwnzd為root初始密碼
重啟數據庫
systemctl start mysqld.service
198從庫初始化
先刪除/data0/mysql_data
[root@host198 bin]# ./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql 2021-06-17T09:48:34.415782Z 0 [Warning] [MY-011070] [Server] 'Disabling symbolic links using --skip-symbolic-links (or equivalent) is the default. Consider not using this option as it' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. 2021-06-17T09:48:34.415881Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.22) initializing of server in progress as process 35472 2021-06-17T09:48:34.417050Z 0 [Warning] [MY-013242] [Server] --character-set-server: 'utf8' is currently an alias for the character set UTF8MB3, but will be an alias for UTF8MB4 in a future release. Please consider using UTF8MB4 in order to be unambiguous. 2021-06-17T09:48:34.417631Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010457] [Server] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting. 2021-06-17T09:48:34.417645Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-013236] [Server] The designated data directory /data0/mysql_data/ is unusable. You can remove all files that the server added to it. 2021-06-17T09:48:34.417730Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] Aborting 2021-06-17T09:48:34.417908Z 0 [System] [MY-010910] [Server] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: Shutdown complete (mysqld 8.0.22) MySQL Community Server - GPL. [root@host198 bin]# rm -rf /data0/mysql_data [root@host198 bin]# ./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql 2021-06-17T09:48:58.637192Z 0 [Warning] [MY-011070] [Server] 'Disabling symbolic links using --skip-symbolic-links (or equivalent) is the default. Consider not using this option as it' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. 2021-06-17T09:48:58.637291Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.22) initializing of server in progress as process 35476 2021-06-17T09:48:58.638395Z 0 [Warning] [MY-013242] [Server] --character-set-server: 'utf8' is currently an alias for the character set UTF8MB3, but will be an alias for UTF8MB4 in a future release. Please consider using UTF8MB4 in order to be unambiguous. 2021-06-17T09:48:58.699969Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started. 2021-06-17T09:49:08.820121Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended. 2021-06-17T09:49:35.582394Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Rq,iajL#z0s:
6、修改用戶名密碼
操作服務器：主數據庫，從數據庫
6.1修改root密碼
操作服務器：主數據庫，從數據庫兩台都修改
#登錄mysql ./mysql -uroot -p --socket=/usr/local/mysql/var/lib/mysql8/mysql8.sock #使用上述初始化后的密碼登錄 #命令行下執行修改密碼 alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'Ynyd#1234';
7、在master服務器上添加slave賬號
7.1主庫操作
操作服務器：主數據庫
./mysql -uroot -p --socket=/usr/local/mysql/var/lib/mysql8/mysql8.sock
mysql> create user 'slave'@'從數據庫' identified with mysql_native_password by 'Ynyd#1234'; mysql>grant replication slave on *.* to 'slave'@'從數據庫'; mysql>flush privileges; mysql>show master status; ###查看File和Position，為下面的從庫執行start slave做准備 mysql> select user,host from user; +------------------+----------------+ | user | host | +------------------+----------------+ | root | % | | slave | 從數據庫 | | mysql.infoschema | localhost | | mysql.session | localhost | | mysql.sys | localhost | +------------------+----------------+ #初始化后需要使所有服務器能登錄，操作如下 mysql>use mysql； mysql>update user set user.Host='%'where user.User='root'; mysql>flush privileges;
7.2在從庫執行
####配置主庫信息####
mysql> change master to master_host='主數據庫',
-> master_port=3308,master_user='slave',master_password='Ynyd#1234',master_log_file='master-bin.000001',master_log_pos=1;
#master_host為master的ip
#master_port為master的端口
#master_user在master創建的從庫使用的賬號
#master_log_file在master上使用show master status查詢的File
#master_log_pos在master上使用show master status查詢的Position，為1為從頭開始
mysql> start slave; # 開啟主從同步
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G; # 查看主從同步狀態
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 主數據庫
Master_User: slave
Master_Port: 3308
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: master-bin.000002
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 426779408
Relay_Log_File: slave-relay-bin.000003
Relay_Log_Pos: 344142597 #此處只要有數據同步就是變化的
Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000002
Slave_IO_Running: Yes # Slave_IO_Running和Slave_SQL_Running的狀態都為Yes表示主從同步設置成功
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes ## Slave_IO_Running和Slave_SQL_Running的狀態都為Yes表示主從同步設置成功
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 344142380
Relay_Log_Space: 426780051
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 1671
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 198
Master_UUID: 9bfb569a-cf53-11eb-87c5-485702cd7891
Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: waiting for handler commit
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
Master_public_key_path:
Get_master_public_key: 0
Network_Namespace:
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
mysql>
8、恢復數據
操作服務器：主數據庫
[root@host197 data0]# mysql -h主數據庫 -uroot -p -P3308 < all_db061717.sql Enter password:
------------恢復內容結束------------