Git修改歷史commit的author信息

前言

“嘀嗒嘀嗒”，抬頭看向牆上的鍾表，此時已是凌晨1點。小明終於把Go語言聖經第二章的筆記寫完，保存commit，提交，然后睡覺。
額，等等，不對，小明發現他用的是公司的git賬號，git log一看，最新的commit的Author信息里是公司的郵箱地址，尷尬了，難道小明要重新寫一遍？“不要啊~”，小明抓狂到。

突然，畫面暫停，Git博士從幕后走出，原來是一場電影。Git博士說：“同學們，剛才的案例如果是大家遇到，應該怎樣？”，接着說：“不要慌，git rebase幫你解決”

正文

先看一下小明的日志

$git log
commit 34da55544be6ceb1269e24b921275b4a771 (HEAD -> main, origin/main, origin/HEAD)
Author: Company <[e-mail]>
Date:   Mon Jun 8 01:51:52 2021 +0800

    commit 3

commit 98f419726756cba7923e3c0062bd1231d25
Author: Ming <[e-mail]>
Date:   Mon Jun 7 20:09:48 2021 +0800

    commit 2

commit 15f0d5882db5dedee737a90e3df98bd395
Author: Company <[e-mail]>
Date:   Sat May 15 16:34:06 2021 +0800

    commit 1

小明的commit 1和commit 3寫錯了Author信息Company <[e-mail]>，我們的目標是將這兩個commit的作者改成Ming <[e-mail]> ，讓小明早點休息，明天還要去搬磚~

修改上次commit的Author信息

$git commit --commit --author="Ming <[e-mail]>"

進入一個類似vim編輯器的交互頁

commit 3
  
# Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting
# with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.
#
# Author:    ming <[e-mail]>
# Date:      Mon Jun 7 22:05:18 2021 +0800
#
# On branch master
#
# On branch main
#
# Changes to be committed:
#       new file:   ...
#

保存退出即可

修改以前的commit的Author信息

輸入下面的命令，-i參數表示交互方式

git rebase -i HEAD~3

進入一個類似vim編輯器的交互頁，將要修改的commit 1開頭的pick改成edit

edit acdaa07 commit 1
pick 2f30e03 commit 2
pick 34da555 commit 3

# Rebase b94735d..34da555 onto b94735d (3 commands)
#
# Commands:
# p, pick <commit> = use commit
# r, reword <commit> = use commit, but edit the commit message
# e, edit <commit> = use commit, but stop for amending
# s, squash <commit> = use commit, but meld into previous commit
# f, fixup <commit> = like "squash", but discard this commit's log message
# x, exec <command> = run command (the rest of the line) using shell
# b, break = stop here (continue rebase later with 'git rebase --continue')
# d, drop <commit> = remove commit

然后保存退出，即:wq，輸出下面的下面的信息：

You can amend the commit now, with

    git commit --amend 

Once you are satisfied with your changes, run

    git rebase --continue

接着輸入下面的命令來修改提交者信息

$git commit --amend --author="Ming <[e-mail]>"

最后輸入保存命令

$git commit --continue
Successfully rebased and updated refs/heads/master.`

我們再來看下小明的日志

$git log
commit 34da55544be6ceb1269e24b921275b4a771 (HEAD -> main, origin/main, origin/HEAD)
Author: Ming <[e-mail]>
Date:   Mon Jun 8 01:51:52 2021 +0800

    commit 3

commit 98f419726756cba7923e3c0062bd1231d25
Author: Ming <[e-mail]>
Date:   Mon Jun 7 20:09:48 2021 +0800

    commit 2

commit 15f0d5882db5dedee737a90e3df98bd395
Author: Ming <[e-mail]>
Date:   Sat May 15 16:34:06 2021 +0800

    commit 1

大功告成，小明終於可以洗洗睡了，明天今天醒來又是美好的一天~