HUAWEI防火牆通過IPSec隧道使總部與分公司的用戶可互相訪問(采用預共享密鑰認證)

組網圖形

　　　　

組網需求

如圖1所示，網絡A和網絡B分別通過FW_A和FW_B連接到Internet。網絡環境描述如下：

• 網絡A屬於10.1.1.0/24子網，通過接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/3與FW_A連接。
• 網絡B屬於10.1.2.0/24子網，通過接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/3與FW_B連接。
• FW_A_B路由可達。

通過組網實現如下需求：在FW_A和FW_B之間建立IKE方式的IPSec隧道，使網絡A和網絡B的用戶可通過IPSec隧道互相訪問。

配置思路
對於FW_A和FW_B，配置思路相同。如下：

• 1.完成接口基本配置。
• 2.配置安全策略，允許私網指定網段進行報文交互。
• 3.配置到對端內網的路由。
• 4.配置IPSec策略。包括配置IPSec策略的基本信息、配置待加密的數據流、配置安全提議的協商參數。

操作步驟

1.配置FW_A的基礎配置。包括配置接口IP地址、接口加入安全區域、域間安全策略和靜態路由。

• 1.1 配置接口IP地址。

　　a.配置接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/3

<sysname> system-view
[sysname] sysname FW_A
[FW_A] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
[FW_A-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] ip address 10.1.1.1 24
[FW_A-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] quit

 　　b.配置接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/1的IP地址。

[FW_A] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
[FW_A-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ip address 1.1.3.1 24
[FW_A-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

•  1.2 配置接口加入相應安全區域

　　a.將接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/3加入Trust區域。

[FW_A] firewall zone trust
[FW_A-zone-trust] add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
[FW_A-zone-trust] quit

 　　b.將接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/1加入Untrust區域。

[FW_A] firewall zone untrust
[FW_A-zone-untrust] add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
[FW_A-zone-untrust] quit

•  1.3 配置域間安全策略。

　　a.配置Trust域與Untrust域之間的域間安全策略。

[FW_A] security-policy
[FW_A-policy-security] rule name policy1
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy1] source-zone trust
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy1] destination-zone untrust
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy1] source-address 10.1.1.0 24
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy1] destination-address 10.1.2.0 24
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy1] action permit
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy1] quit

[FW_A-policy-security] rule name policy2
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy2] source-zone untrust
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy2] destination-zone trust
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy2] source-address 10.1.2.0 24
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy2] destination-address 10.1.1.0 24
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy2] action permit
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy2] quit

 　　b.配置Local域與Untrust域之間的域間安全策略。

　　配置Local域和Untrust域的域間安全策略的目的為允許IPSec隧道兩端設備通信，使其能夠進行隧道協商。

說明：

本例中是以源地址和目的地址為例介紹，如果需要使用協議、端口作為匹配條件，則需要放開ESP服務和UDP 500端口（NAT穿越場景中還需要放開4500端口）。

[FW_A-policy-security] rule name policy3
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy3] source-zone local
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy3] destination-zone untrust
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy3] source-address 1.1.3.1 32
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy3] destination-address 1.1.5.1 32
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy3] action permit
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy3] quit

[FW_A-policy-security] rule name policy4
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy4] source-zone untrust
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy4] destination-zone local
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy4] source-address 1.1.5.1 32
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy4] destination-address 1.1.3.1 32
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy4] action permit
[FW_A-policy-security-rule-policy4] quit
[FW_A-policy-security] quit

•  1.4 配置到達目的網絡B的靜態路由，此處假設到達網絡B的下一跳地址為1.1.3.2。

[FW_A] ip route-static 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.3.2
[FW_A] ip route-static 1.1.5.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.3.2

 2.在FW_A上配置IPSec策略，並在接口上應用此IPSec策略。

• 2.1 定義被保護的數據流。配置高級ACL 3000，允許10.1.1.0/24網段訪問10.1.2.0/24網段。

[FW_A] acl 3000
[FW_A-acl-adv-3000] rule 5 permit ip source 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 destination 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255
[FW_A-acl-adv-3000] quit

•  2.2 配置IPSec安全提議。缺省參數可不配置。

[FW_A] ipsec proposal tran1
[FW_A-ipsec-proposal-tran1] esp authentication-algorithm sha2-256
[FW_A-ipsec-proposal-tran1] esp encryption-algorithm aes-256
[FW_A-ipsec-proposal-tran1] quit

•  2.3 配置IKE安全提議。

[FW_A] ike proposal 10
[FW_A-ike-proposal-10] authentication-method pre-share
[FW_A-ike-proposal-10] prf hmac-sha2-256
[FW_A-ike-proposal-10] encryption-algorithm aes-256
[FW_A-ike-proposal-10] dh group14
[FW_A-ike-proposal-10] integrity-algorithm hmac-sha2-256  
[FW_A-ike-proposal-10] quit

•  2.4 配置IKE peer。

[FW_A] ike peer b
[FW_A-ike-peer-b] ike-proposal 10
[FW_A-ike-peer-b] remote-address 1.1.5.1
[FW_A-ike-peer-b] pre-shared-key Test!1234
[FW_A-ike-peer-b] quit

•  2.5 配置IPSec策略。

[FW_A] ipsec policy map1 10 isakmp
[FW_A-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] security acl 3000
[FW_A-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] proposal tran1
[FW_A-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] ike-peer b
[FW_A-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] quit

•  2.6 在接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/1上應用IPSec策略組map1。

[FW_A] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
[FW_A-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ipsec policy map1
[FW_A-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

 3.配置FW_B的基礎配置。包括配置接口IP地址、接口加入安全區域、域間安全策略和靜態路由。

• 3.1 配置接口IP地址。

　　a.配置接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/3的IP地址。

<sysname> system-view
[sysname] sysname FW_B
[FW_B] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
[FW_B-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] ip address 10.1.2.1 24
[FW_B-GigabitEthernet1/0/3] quit

 　　b.配置接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/1的IP地址

[FW_B] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 
[FW_B-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ip address 1.1.5.1 24
[FW_B-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

•  3.2 配置接口加入相應安全區域。

　　a.將接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/3加入Trust區域。

[FW_B] firewall zone trust
[FW_B-zone-trust] add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/3
[FW_B-zone-trust] quit

 　　b.將接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/1加入Untrust區域。

[FW_B] firewall zone untrust
[FW_B-zone-untrust] add interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
[FW_B-zone-untrust] quit

•  3.3 配置域間安全策略。

　　a.配置Trust域與Untrust域之間的域間安全策略。

[FW_B] security-policy
[FW_B-policy-security] rule name policy1
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy1] source-zone trust
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy1] destination-zone untrust
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy1] source-address 10.1.2.0 24
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy1] destination-address 10.1.1.0 24
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy1] action permit
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy1] quit

[FW_B-policy-security] rule name policy2
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy2] source-zone untrust
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy2] destination-zone trust
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy2] source-address 10.1.1.0 24
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy2] destination-address 10.1.2.0 24
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy2] action permit
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy2] quit

 　　b.配置Untrust域與Local域之間的域間安全策略。

　　配置Local域和Untrust域的域間安全策略的目的為允許IPSec隧道兩端設備通信，使其能夠進行隧道協商。

[FW_B-policy-security] rule name policy3
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy3] source-zone local
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy3] destination-zone untrust
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy3] source-address 1.1.5.1 32
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy3] destination-address 1.1.3.1 32
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy3] action permit
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy3] quit

[FW_B-policy-security] rule name policy4
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy4] source-zone untrust
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy4] destination-zone local
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy4] source-address 1.1.3.1 32
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy4] destination-address 1.1.5.1 32
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy4] action permit
[FW_B-policy-security-rule-policy4] quit
[FW_B-policy-security] quit

•  3.4 配置到達目的網絡A的靜態路由，此處假設到達網絡A的下一跳地址為1.1.5.2。

[FW_B] ip route-static 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.5.2
[FW_B] ip route-static 1.1.3.0 255.255.255.0 1.1.5.2

 4.在FW_B上配置IPSec策略，並在接口上應用此IPSec策略。

　　4.1 配置高級ACL 3000，允許10.1.2.0/24網段訪問10.1.1.0/24網段。

[FW_B] acl 3000
[FW_B-acl-adv-3000] rule 5 permit ip source 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 destination 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255
[FW_B-acl-adv-3000] quit

 　　4.2 配置IPSec安全提議。

[FW_B] ipsec proposal tran1
[FW_B-ipsec-proposal-tran1] esp authentication-algorithm sha2-256
[FW_B-ipsec-proposal-tran1] esp encryption-algorithm aes-256
[FW_B-ipsec-proposal-tran1] quit

 　　4.3 配置IKE安全提議。

[FW_B] ike proposal 10
[FW_B-ike-proposal-10] authentication-method pre-share
[FW_B-ike-proposal-10] prf hmac-sha2-256
[FW_B-ike-proposal-10] encryption-algorithm aes-256
[FW_B-ike-proposal-10] dh group14
[FW_B-ike-proposal-10] integrity-algorithm hmac-sha2-256  
[FW_B-ike-proposal-10] quit

 　　4.4 配置IKE peer。

[FW_B] ike peer a 
[FW_B-ike-peer-a] ike-proposal 10 
[FW_B-ike-peer-a] remote-address 1.1.3.1 
[FW_B-ike-peer-a] pre-shared-key Test!1234 
[FW_B-ike-peer-a] quit

 　　4.5 配置IPSec策略。

[FW_B] ipsec policy map1 10 isakmp 
[FW_B-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] security acl 3000 
[FW_B-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] proposal tran1 
[FW_B-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] ike-peer a 
[FW_B-ipsec-policy-isakmp-map1-10] quit

 　　4.6 在接口GigabitEthernet 1/0/1上應用IPSec策略組map1。

[FW_B] interface GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 
[FW_B-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] ipsec policy map1
[FW_B-GigabitEthernet1/0/1] quit

 結果驗證

• 1.配置完成后，在PC1執行ping命令，觸發IKE協商。若IKE協商成功，隧道建立后可以ping通PC2。反之，IKE協商失敗，隧道沒有建立則PC1不能ping通PC2。
• 2.分別在FW_A和FW_B上執行display ike sa、display ipsec sa會顯示安全聯盟的建立情況。以FW_B為例，出現以下顯示說明IKE安全聯盟、IPSec安全聯盟建立成功。

<FW_B> display ike sa
IKE SA information :   
    Conn-ID     Peer            VPN   Flag(s)  Phase  RemoteType  RemoteID
  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    16777239    1.1.3.1:500           RD|ST|A  v2:2   IP          1.1.3.1
    16777232    1.1.3.1:500           RD|ST|A  v2:1   IP          1.1.3.1

  Number of IKE SA : 2 
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                
  Flag Description:                                                             
  RD--READY   ST--STAYALIVE   RL--REPLACED   FD--FADING   TO--TIMEOUT           
  HRT--HEARTBEAT   LKG--LAST KNOWN GOOD SEQ NO.   BCK--BACKED UP                
  M--ACTIVE   S--STANDBY   A--ALONE  NEG--NEGOTIATING 

<FW_B> display ipsec sa
                                                                                
ipsec sa information:                                                           
                                                                                
===============================                                                  
Interface: GigabitEthernet1/0/1
                                               
===============================                                                 
                                                                                
  -----------------------------                                                 
  IPSec policy name: "map1"                                                     
  Sequence number  : 10                                                          
  Acl group        : 3000                                                       
  Acl rule         : 5                                                         
  Mode             : ISAKMP                                                     
  -----------------------------                                                 
    Connection ID     : 83903371                                                
    Encapsulation mode: Tunnel                                                  
    Tunnel local      : 1.1.5.1                                             
    Tunnel remote     : 1.1.3.1                                               
    Flow source       : 10.1.2.2/255.255.255.255 0/0                           
    Flow destination  : 10.1.1.2/255.255.255.255 0/0                           
                                                                                
    [Outbound ESP SAs]                                                          
      SPI: 763065754 (0x2d7b759a)                                               
      Proposal: ESP-ENCRYPT-AES-256 SHA2-256-128                                
      SA remaining key duration (kilobytes/sec): 0/3079                         
      Max sent sequence-number: 1                                               
      UDP encapsulation used for NAT traversal: N                               
      SA encrypted packets (number/kilobytes): 4/0   
                                                                                
    [Inbound ESP SAs]                                                           
      SPI: 163241969 (0x9badff1)                                                
      Proposal: ESP-ENCRYPT-AES-256 SHA2-256-128                                
      SA remaining key duration (kilobytes/sec): 0/3079                         
      Max received sequence-number: 3203668                                     
      UDP encapsulation used for NAT traversal: N 
      SA decrypted packets (number/kilobytes): 4/0                              
      Anti-replay : Enable                                                      
      Anti-replay window size: 1024