Java實現Excel導入並保存

本文參考於：https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/83965845

我這里用的是springBoot來寫的，用的依賴在下面：

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--引入web依賴-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!--引入數據庫連接驅動-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!--引入java操作excel的api-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>net.sourceforge.jexcelapi</groupId>
        <artifactId>jxl</artifactId>
        <version>2.6.12</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--引入poi-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
        <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
        <version>3.9</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--引入上傳文件的依賴-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
        <version>1.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
        <version>2.6</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--引入mybatis-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--導入lang的工具包-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
        <version>2.6</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

//ps:第一部分：controller層

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UploadExcelController {

    @Resource
    TestImportMapper testImportMapper;

    /**
     * 導入Excel
     * @param userInformation
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/uploadExcel")
    public String uploadExcel(UserInformation userInformation){
        MultipartFile file = userInformation.getSelectExcel();
        String type = userInformation.getSelectType();
        String flag = userInformation.getFlag();
        System.out.println("type為：" + type);
        System.out.println("flag為：" + flag);
        String errorMsg ="";
        System.out.println(file.getOriginalFilename());
        if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(type) && type.equals("excel") && StringUtils.isNotBlank(flag) && flag.equals("1")){
            ReadExcel readExcel = new ReadExcel();
            List<User> userList = null;
            try {
                userList = readExcel.getExcelInfo(file);
                errorMsg = readExcel.getErrorMsg();
                //如果沒有返回出錯信息，保存導入的信息
                if (errorMsg.equals("")) {
                    testImportMapper.insertUser(userList);
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println(errorMsg);
            //System.out.println(userList.toString());
        }
        return errorMsg;
    }

//ps：這里我是參考上邊鏈接那里，把讀取Excel這部分獨立出來，單獨寫了一個類，在下面：

package com.example.testimport.tool;

import com.example.testimport.entity.User;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * 讀取導入的Excel
 */
public class ReadExcel {

    //總行數
    private int totalRows = 0;

    //總列數
    private int totalCells = 0;

    //錯誤信息
    private String errorMsg = "";

    public int getTotalRows() {
        return totalRows;
    }

    public int getTotalCells() {
        return totalCells;
    }

    public String getErrorMsg() {
        return errorMsg;
    }

    /**
     * 獲取導入的Excel，進行轉換
     * @param file
     * @return
     */
    public List<User> getExcelInfo(MultipartFile file) {
        List<User> userList = null;
        String filename = file.getOriginalFilename();//獲取文件名稱
        try {
            if(!validateExcel(filename)){//校驗文件
                return null;
            }
            //校驗是否是2003的Excel文件
            boolean isExcel2003 = true;
            if (isExcel2007(filename)) {
                isExcel2003 = false;
            }
            //創建Excel
            userList = creatExcel(file.getInputStream(), isExcel2003);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return userList;
    }

    /**
     * 創建Excel，並把值賦給實體類
     * @param stream
     * @param isExcel2003
     * @return
     */
    private List<User> creatExcel (InputStream stream, boolean isExcel2003) {
        List<User> userList = null;
        try {
            Workbook workbook;
            //判斷是否是2003Excel，還是2007Excel
            if(isExcel2003){//為true，創建2003Excel
                workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(stream);
            } else {
                workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(stream);
            }
            //讀取Excel里面的信息，並付給實體類
            userList = readeExcelValue(workbook);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return userList;
    }

    /**
     * 讀取Excel內的數據，並寫入到實體類中
     * @param workbook
     * @return
     */
    private List<User> readeExcelValue (Workbook workbook) {
        List<User> userList = new ArrayList<>();
        //獲取第一個sheet頁
        Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
        //獲取第一個sheet總行數
        this.totalRows = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows();
        //獲取列數(前提得有行以及行中有數據)
        if(totalRows > 1 && null != sheet.getRow(0)){
            this.totalCells = sheet.getRow(0).getPhysicalNumberOfCells();
        }else {
            this.errorMsg = "請輸入您要錄入的信息！";
            return null;
        }
        //循環遍歷行數
        for(int i = 1; i < totalRows; i++) {
            //獲取每一行
            Row row = sheet.getRow(i);
            if(row == null){//如果行為空，退出本次循環
                continue;
            }
            //循環遍歷列
            User user = new User();
            for(int j = 0; j < totalCells; j++) {
                Cell cell = row.getCell(j);//獲取每一行對應的列
                if(null != cell) {//如果每一列有數據
                    //每一行第一條數據
                    if(j == 0){
                        //判斷數據格式，如果是純數字，比如你寫的是25，cell.getNumericCellValue()獲得的是25.0
                        if(cell.getCellType() == HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {
                            String value = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());
                            user.setName(value.substring(0, value.length()-2 > 0?value.length()-2:1));
                        }else if(cell.getCellType() == HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK){//若單元格為空
                            this.errorMsg = "第" + i + "行，第一列數據為空，請輸入數據后在重新導入！";
                            return null;
                        } else {
                            user.setName(cell.getStringCellValue());
                        }
                    }
                    //每一行第二條數據
                    else if(j == 1) {
                        //純數字類型，需要截取
                        if (cell.getCellType() == HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {
                            String value = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());
                            user.setName(value.substring(0, value.length()-2 > 0?value.length()-2:1));
                        } else if (cell.getCellType() == HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK) {//若單元格為空
                            this.errorMsg = "第" + i + "行，第二列數據為空，請輸入數據后在重新導入！";
                            return null;
                        } else {
                            user.setSex(cell.getStringCellValue());
                        }
                    } else if (j == 2) {
                        if (cell.getCellType() == HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC) {
                            String value = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());
                            int age = Integer.parseInt(value);
                            user.setAge(age);
                        } else if (cell.getCellType() == HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK) {//若單元格為空
                            this.errorMsg = "第" + i + "行，第三列數據為空，請輸入數據后在重新導入！";
                            return null;
                        } else {
                            user.setAge(0);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            //保存到集合中
            userList.add(user);
        }
        return userList;
    }

    /**
     * 校驗文件是否是Excel格式
     * @param filePath
     * @return
     */
    private boolean validateExcel(String filePath) {
        //校驗格式是否正確，只要是Excel任意一種格式即可
        if(filePath != null && isExcel2003(filePath) || isExcel2007(filePath)) {
            return true;
        } else {
            this.errorMsg = "請上傳Excel格式的文件";
            return  false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 是否是2003的Excel，返回true是
     * @param filePath
     * @return
     */
    private boolean  isExcel2003(String filePath){
        return filePath.matches("^.+\\.(?i)(xls)$");
    }

    /**
     * 是否是2007的Excel，返回true是
     * @param filePath
     * @return
     */
    private boolean  isExcel2007(String filePath){
        return filePath.matches("^.+\\.(?i)(xlsx)$");
    }
}
//application.properties配置文件中的配置，如下：

#指定應用名稱和端口號
spring.application.name=Test_Import
server.port=8888
#指定靜態資源路徑
spring.resources.static-locations=classpath:/
#配置數據源
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=UTF-8&&serverTimezone=GMT
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
#設置上傳文件的大小和請求頭的大小
spring.servlet.multipart.max-file-size=5MB
spring.servlet.multipart.max-request-size=20MB
#設置上傳的路徑，和編碼方式
spring.servlet.multipart.location=D:/home/data/temp

#設置xml的路徑
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:mapper/*.xml

//下面就是頁面代碼，寫的有點亂

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>上傳Excel文件</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form id="form" action="/user/uploadExcel" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        <label>請選擇你要上傳的Excel</label>
        <input id="uploadFile" type="file" name="selectExcel" />
        <input type="button" onclick="submitExcel()" value="提交" />
        <input type="hidden" id="selectType" name="selectType" value="excel" />
        <input type="hidden" id="flag" name="flag" value="1" />
        <br>
        <label style="background-color: red;"><a href="#" id="downLoadTemplate" style="text-decoration: none;cursor:pointer" onclick="downLoadTemplate()">下載模板</a></label>
        <label style="background-color: red;"><a href="/static/模板.xlsx" style="text-decoration: none;cursor:pointer">下載模板</a></label>
    </form>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript">
    //導入Excel
    function submitExcel() {
        var form = document.getElementById('form');
        var uploadFile = document.getElementById("uploadFile");
        var selectType = document.getElementById("selectType").value;
        var flag = document.getElementById("flag").value;
        var url = "/user/uploadExcel"
        var formData = new FormData(form);
        if(uploadFile.value == null || uploadFile.value.trim() == '') {
            alert("請選擇您要上傳的文件！");
            return;
        }
        if(uploadFile.value.lastIndexOf(".xls") < 0 || uploadFile.value.lastIndexOf(".xlsx") < 0) {
            alert("只能上傳Excel文件！");
            uploadFile.value = "";
            return;
        }
        //判斷游覽器是否是IE7 8，不是的話用第一個request  是的話用第二個request
        var xmlHttp = null;
        if (XMLHttpRequest) {
            xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
        } else {
            xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject('Microsoft.XMLHTTP');
        };
        xmlHttp.open('POST',url);//打開請求的后台
        //請求頭不要設置，使用默認的，服務器解析會自動選擇與之匹配的
        //xmlHttp.setRequestHeader('Content-Type','multipart/form-data;boundary=ebf9f03029db4c2799ae16b5428b06bd');//設置請求頭
        xmlHttp.send(formData);//發送數據
        //請求的狀態
        xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = function () {
            //根據狀態，判斷是否請求成功
            if(xmlHttp.readyState == 4 && xmlHttp.status == 200){
                alert(JSON.parse(xmlHttp.responseText));
            }
        };
    }
    //下載Excel模板
    function downLoadTemplate() {
        var downLoadTemplate = document.getElementById("downLoadTemplate");
        //window.location="/static/模板.xlsx";
        //測試js移除點擊事件，以及設置點擊事件
        downLoadTemplate.removeAttribute('onclick');
        downLoadTemplate.setAttribute("onclick","sendMessage('1')");
        //發送請求下載模板
        //判斷游覽器是否是IE7 8，不是的話用第一個request  是的話用第二個request
        var xmlHttp = null;
        if (XMLHttpRequest) {
            xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
        } else {
            xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject('Microsoft.XMLHTTP');//IE游覽器訪問
        };
        var url = '/user/downloadExcelTemplate';
        var method = 'get';
        xmlHttp.open(method,url);
        xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = function () {
            //判斷請求是否成功
            if(xmlHttp.readyState == 4 && xmlHttp.status == 200) {
                alert(JSON.parse(xmlHttp.responseText));
            }
        }

    }
    function sendMessage(infor) {
        alert(infor);
    }
</script>
</html>