如何讓ffmpeg-flv支持H265(HEVC)
背景
Adobe不支持flash了,rtmp之前是為flash設計的,所以協議也不更新了作為FLV相關技術的所有者，Adobe估計也沒動力更新規范來支持H265;
外加H265標准的一些專利所有者的授權方案被指搶錢，更加打擊了很多軟件廠商的積極性。
但我們這些升斗小民對h265和rtmp、flv還有需求，只能自己動手解決這個問題了。
參考網址
https://blog.csdn.net/smallhujiu/article/details/81703434
https://github.com/ensonz/nginx-http-flv-module/
https://blog.csdn.net/ybn187/article/details/88351874
還有下面這個，就不用看了,雖然他是原作者,但沒寫解決方案
https://blog.csdn.net/winshining/article/details/101225551
具體操作
1.下載代碼：
git clone https://gitee.com/mirrors/ffmpeg.git
2.修改ffmpeg
[root@lh ffmpeg]# git status
# On branch master
# Changes not staged for commit:
# (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
# (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
#
# modified: libavformat/flv.h
# modified: libavformat/flvdec.c
# modified: libavformat/flvenc.c
#
no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
[root@lh ffmpeg]# git diff
diff --git a/libavformat/flv.h b/libavformat/flv.h
index 3571b90..e776555 100644
--- a/libavformat/flv.h
+++ b/libavformat/flv.h
@@ -110,6 +110,7 @@ enum {
FLV_CODECID_H264 = 7,
FLV_CODECID_REALH263= 8,
FLV_CODECID_MPEG4 = 9,
+ FLV_CODECID_HEVC = 12,
};
enum {
diff --git a/libavformat/flvdec.c b/libavformat/flvdec.c
index e4b40a1..da5555f 100644
--- a/libavformat/flvdec.c
+++ b/libavformat/flvdec.c
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
#include "internal.h"
#include "avio_internal.h"
#include "flv.h"
+#include "hevc.h"
#define VALIDATE_INDEX_TS_THRESH 2500
@@ -320,6 +321,8 @@ static int flv_same_video_codec(AVCodecParameters *vpar, int flags)
return vpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VP6A;
case FLV_CODECID_H264:
return vpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264;
+ case FLV_CODECID_HEVC:
+ return vpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_HEVC;
default:
return vpar->codec_tag == flv_codecid;
}
@@ -369,6 +372,11 @@ static int flv_set_video_codec(AVFormatContext *s, AVStream *vstream,
par->codec_id = AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG4;
ret = 3;
break;
+ case FLV_CODECID_HEVC:
+ par->codec_id = AV_CODEC_ID_HEVC;
+ vstream->need_parsing = AVSTREAM_PARSE_NONE;
+ ret = 3; // not 4, reading packet type will consume one byte
+ break;
default:
avpriv_request_sample(s, "Video codec (%x)", flv_codecid);
par->codec_tag = flv_codecid;
@@ -1239,7 +1247,8 @@ retry_duration:
if (st->codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC ||
st->codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264 ||
- st->codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG4) {
+ st->codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG4 ||
+ st->codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_HEVC) {
int type = avio_r8(s->pb);
size--;
@@ -1248,7 +1257,9 @@ retry_duration:
goto leave;
}
- if (st->codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264 || st->codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG4) {
+ if (st->codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264 ||
+ st->codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG4 ||
+ st->codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_HEVC) {
// sign extension
int32_t cts = (avio_rb24(s->pb) + 0xff800000) ^ 0xff800000;
pts = av_sat_add64(dts, cts);
@@ -1264,7 +1275,7 @@ retry_duration:
}
}
if (type == 0 && (!st->codecpar->extradata || st->codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC ||
- st->codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264)) {
+ st->codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264 || st->codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_HEVC )) {
AVDictionaryEntry *t;
if (st->codecpar->extradata) {
diff --git a/libavformat/flvenc.c b/libavformat/flvenc.c
index 35bf7ac..06d3254 100644
--- a/libavformat/flvenc.c
+++ b/libavformat/flvenc.c
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
#include "libavutil/opt.h"
#include "libavcodec/put_bits.h"
#include "libavcodec/aacenctab.h"
+#include "hevc.h"
static const AVCodecTag flv_video_codec_ids[] = {
@@ -46,6 +47,7 @@ static const AVCodecTag flv_video_codec_ids[] = {
{ AV_CODEC_ID_VP6, FLV_CODECID_VP6 },
{ AV_CODEC_ID_VP6A, FLV_CODECID_VP6A },
{ AV_CODEC_ID_H264, FLV_CODECID_H264 },
+ { AV_CODEC_ID_HEVC, FLV_CODECID_HEVC },
{ AV_CODEC_ID_NONE, 0 }
};
@@ -491,7 +493,7 @@ static void flv_write_codec_header(AVFormatContext* s, AVCodecParameters* par, i
FLVContext *flv = s->priv_data;
if (par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC || par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264
- || par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG4) {
+ || par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG4 || par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_HEVC) {
int64_t pos;
avio_w8(pb,
par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO ?
@@ -537,7 +539,11 @@ static void flv_write_codec_header(AVFormatContext* s, AVCodecParameters* par, i
avio_w8(pb, par->codec_tag | FLV_FRAME_KEY); // flags
avio_w8(pb, 0); // AVC sequence header
avio_wb24(pb, 0); // composition time
- ff_isom_write_avcc(pb, par->extradata, par->extradata_size);
+ if (par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_HEVC) {
+ ff_isom_write_hvcc(pb, par->extradata, par->extradata_size, 0);
+ } else {
+ ff_isom_write_avcc(pb, par->extradata, par->extradata_size);
+ }
}
data_size = avio_tell(pb) - pos;
avio_seek(pb, -data_size - 10, SEEK_CUR);
@@ -844,7 +850,7 @@ end:
AVCodecParameters *par = s->streams[i]->codecpar;
FLVStreamContext *sc = s->streams[i]->priv_data;
if (par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO &&
- (par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264 || par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG4))
+ (par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264 || par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG4 || par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_HEVC))
put_avc_eos_tag(pb, sc->last_ts);
}
}
@@ -893,15 +899,36 @@ static int flv_write_packet(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt)
}
if (par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VP6F || par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VP6A ||
- par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VP6 || par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC)
+ par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VP6 || par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC){
flags_size = 2;
- else if (par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264 || par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG4)
+ } else if (par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264 || par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG4 || par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_HEVC) {
flags_size = 5;
- else
+ } else {
flags_size = 1;
+ }
+ /*****
+ //這里要注意了,注釋掉的這段代碼，James-0那篇博客上說是為了解決"服務端Nginx並沒有添加HEVC下重發flv的header頭部"的問題,
+ //但是如果把下面的if代碼段換成這一段,用h264對接nginx-http-flv時，雖然用vlc可以播放出來，但用flv.js根本就無法播放出來，這條路不通，不建議大家用
+ //至於nginx怎么改的問題,下文會說。
+ if (par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC || par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264
+ || par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG4 || par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_HEVC) {
+ int side_size = 0;
+ uint8_t *side = av_packet_get_side_data(pkt, AV_PKT_DATA_NEW_EXTRADATA, &side_size);
+ if (side && side_size > 0 && (side_size != par->extradata_size || memcmp(side, par->extradata, side_size))) {
+ av_free(par->extradata);
+ par->extradata = av_mallocz(side_size + AV_INPUT_BUFFER_PADDING_SIZE);
+ if (!par->extradata) {
+ par->extradata_size = 0;
+ return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
+ }
+ memcpy(par->extradata, side, side_size);
+ par->extradata_size = side_size;
+ flv_write_codec_header(s, par, pkt->dts);
+ } else {
+ flv_write_codec_header(s, par, pkt->dts);
+ }
+ }
+ ****/
if (par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC || par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264
- || par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG4) {
+ || par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG4 || par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_HEVC) {
buffer_size_t side_size;
uint8_t *side = av_packet_get_side_data(pkt, AV_PKT_DATA_NEW_EXTRADATA, &side_size);
if (side && side_size > 0 && (side_size != par->extradata_size || memcmp(side, par->extradata, side_size))) {
@@ -966,6 +993,10 @@ static int flv_write_packet(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt)
if (par->extradata_size > 0 && *(uint8_t*)par->extradata != 1)
if ((ret = ff_avc_parse_nal_units_buf(pkt->data, &data, &size)) < 0)
return ret;
+ } else if (par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_HEVC) {
+ if (par->extradata_size > 0 && *(uint8_t*)par->extradata != 1)
+ if ((ret = ff_hevc_annexb2mp4_buf(pkt->data, &data, &size, 0, NULL)) < 0)
+ return ret;
} else if (par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC && pkt->size > 2 &&
(AV_RB16(pkt->data) & 0xfff0) == 0xfff0) {
if (!s->streams[pkt->stream_index]->nb_frames) {
@@ -1036,9 +1067,9 @@ static int flv_write_packet(AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt)
else
avio_w8(pb, ((FFALIGN(par->width, 16) - par->width) << 4) |
(FFALIGN(par->height, 16) - par->height));
- } else if (par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC)
+ } else if (par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC) {
avio_w8(pb, 1); // AAC raw
- else if (par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264 || par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG4) {
+ } else if (par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264 || par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG4 || par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_HEVC) {
avio_w8(pb, 1); // AVC NALU
avio_wb24(pb, pkt->pts - pkt->dts);
}
[root@lh ffmpeg]#
至此ffmpeg的修改算是完成了，實際測試過程中發現確實有效。
(1)將h265的碼流用flv封裝，然后再把封裝好的視頻轉回mpegts完全可以正常播放。
(2)使用ffmpeg直接推流到nginx-http-flv，然后再從rtmp串流中轉回mpegts也完全可以正常播放，沒有問題。
3.修改nginx-http-flv-module
同樣的nginx-http-flv-module也需要修改代碼
修改后的參見：https://github.com/ensonz/nginx-http-flv-module/
我對比了一下，實際上ensonz只改了下面的兩個文件:
ngx_rtmp_codec_module.c
ngx_rtmp_codec_module.h
這兩個文件我已經壓縮放在這里了：https://files.cnblogs.com/files/bugutian/ngx_rtmp_codec_module.zip
4.nginx-http-flv測試結果
按照以上述方法改動之后，我自測試的結果如下：
rtmp
輸出的rtmp流是h265編碼的，使用修改后的ffmpeg將rtmp重新轉換成mpegts后可以使用vlc播放；
flv
輸出的flv流是h265編碼的, 使用修改后的ffmpeg將rtmp重新轉換成mpegts后可以使用vlc播放，但flv.js無法播放;
hls
不能生成文件,無法使用。
把代碼中NGX_RTMP_VIDEO_H264的部分放寬對NGX_RTMP_VIDEO_H265的限制,也只能保證hls可以生成文件，但是m3u8串流里面找不到frame,不可用。
最后衷心感謝對nginx-http-flv、ffmpeg開源項目做出貢獻的開發者。