一 CMDB簡介
1.1 什么是CMDB？
CMDB（資產管理系統）是所有運維工具的數據基礎
1.2 CMDB包含的功能
用戶管理，記錄測試，開發，運維人員的用戶表
業務線管理，需要記錄業務的詳情
項目管理，指定此項目用屬於哪條業務線，以及項目詳情
應用管理，指定此應用的開發人員，屬於哪個項目，和代碼地址，部署目錄，部署集群，依賴的應用，軟件等信息
主機管理，包括雲主機，物理機，主機屬於哪個集群，運行着哪些軟件，主機管理員，連接哪些網絡設備，雲主機的資源池，存儲等相關信息
主機變更管理，主機的一些信息變更，例如管理員，所屬集群等信息更改，連接的網絡變更等
網絡設備管理，主要記錄網絡設備的詳細信息，及網絡設備連接的上級設備
IP管理，IP屬於哪個主機，哪個網段, 是否被占用等
1.3 實現的四種方式
1.3.1 Agent實現方式
Agent方式，可以將服務器上面的Agent程序作定時任務，定時將資產信息提交到指定API錄入數據庫
其本質上就是在各個服務器上執行
subprocess.getoutput()命令，然后將每台機器上執行的結果，返回給主機API，然后主機API收到這些數據之后，放入到數據庫中，最終通過web界面展現給用戶
#linux
import subprocess
import re
res = subprocess.getoutput("ifconfig")
print(res)
ip=re.findall('inet (.*?) netmask',res)
print(ip)
# windows
import subprocess
import re
res=subprocess.getoutput('ipconfig')
print(res)
ip=re.findall('IPv4 地址 . . . . . . . . . . . . : (.*)',res)
print(ip)
優點：速度快
缺點：需要為每台服務器部署一個Agent程序
使用crontab定時執行python腳本
# 1 進入創建crontab定時任務
crontab -e
# 2 寫入任務（每分鍾執行一次test.py）
* * * * * python3 test.py
# 3 編寫test.py
with open('a.txt','a') as f:
f.write('hello world')
# 4 查看定時任務
crontab -l
1.3.2 ssh實現方式 （基於Paramiko模塊）
中控機通過Paramiko（py模塊）登錄到各個服務器上，然后執行命令的方式去獲取各個服務器上的信息
優點：無Agent
缺點：速度慢
如果在服務器較少的情況下，可應用此方法
import paramiko
import re
#創建SSH對象
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
# 允許連接不在know_hosts文件中的主機
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy)
# 連接服務器
ssh.connect(hostname='101.133.225.166',port=22,username='root',password='')
# 執行命令
stdin,stdout,stderr = ssh.exec_command('ifconfig')
# 獲取命令結果
result = stdout.read().decode('utf-8')
print(result)
ip=re.findall('inet (.*?) netmask',result)
print(ip)
# 關閉連接
ssh.close()
1.3.3 saltstack方式
此方案本質上和第二種方案大致是差不多的流程，中控機發送命令給服務器執行。服務器將結果放入另一個隊列中，中控機獲取將服務信息發送到API進而錄入數據庫。
執行流程:
第一步: 由管理員錄入資產(主機名,SN等信息),通過后台管理,錄入數據庫
第二步: salt-master從數據庫獲取未采集資產信息的服務器
第三步: salt-master發送命令給salt-minion執行
第四步: salt-master拿到執行結果
第五步: 將結果發送給API
第六步: API將其寫入數據庫解釋:
salt-master可以理解為主人
salt-minion可以理解為奴隸
優點：快，開發成本低
缺點：依賴於第三方工具
salstack的安裝和配置
1.安裝和配置
master端：
"""
1. 安裝salt-master
yum install salt-master
2. 修改配置文件：/etc/salt/master
interface: 0.0.0.0 # 表示Master的IP
3. 啟動
service salt-master start
"""
slave端：
"""
1. 安裝salt-minion
yum install salt-minion
2. 修改配置文件 /etc/salt/minion
master: 10.211.55.4 # master的地址
或
master:
- 10.211.55.4
- 10.211.55.5
random_master: True
id: c2.salt.com # 客戶端在salt-master中顯示的唯一ID
3. 啟動
service salt-minion start
2.授權
salt-key -L # 查看已授權和未授權的slave
salt-key -a salve_id # 接受指定id的salve
salt-key -r salve_id # 拒絕指定id的salve
salt-key -d salve_id # 刪除指定id的salve
3.執行命令
在master服務器上對salve進行遠程操作
salt 'c2.salt.com' cmd.run 'ifconfig'
# 基於API的方式
import salt.client
local = salt.client.LocalClient()
result = local.cmd('c2.salt.com', 'cmd.run', ['ifconfig'])
1.3.4 Puppet（ruby語言開發）（了解）
每隔30分鍾，通過RPC消息隊列將執行的結果返回給用戶
二 三種方案客戶端編寫
2.1 目錄結構划分
autoclient # 項目名
-bin # 啟動文件路徑
-start.py # 啟動文件
-config # 配置文件路徑
-cert # 私鑰
-custom_settings.py # 用戶自定義配置
-files # 測試數據文件
-board.out
-cpuinfo.out
-disk.out
-memory.out
-nic.out
-lib # 庫文件夾
-conf # 配置信息文件夾
-config.py # 配置類
-global_settings.py # 全局常量配置
-convert.py # 公共方法
-src # 源文件
-plugins # 插件
-__init__.py # 初始化文件
-basic.py
-board.py
-cpu.py
-disk.py
-memory.py
-nic.py
script.py # 腳本文件
client.py # 客戶端類
tests # 測試文件夾
# 總結：bin，config，files，lib，src幾個文件夾
2.2 仿django配置文件
custom_settings.py
# 用戶配置
PORT = 22
USER = 'lqz'
global_settings.py
#### 全局配置
PORT = 22
USER = 'root'
config.py
from config import custom_settings
from . import global_settings
class Settings():
def __init__(self):
#### 全局配置
for key in dir(global_settings):
if key.isupper():
#### 獲取key所對應的值
v = getattr(global_settings, key)
#### 設置key以及值到當前的setting對象
setattr(self, key, v)
#### 自定制配置
for key in dir(custom_settings):
if key.isupper():
#### 獲取key所對應的值
v = getattr(custom_settings, key)
#### 設置key以及值到當前的setting對象
setattr(self, key, v)
settings = Settings()
2.3 可插拔式配置
custom_settings.py
### 可插拔式的采集,注釋掉某個就不會執行
PLUGINS_DICT = {
'basic':'src.plugins.basic.Basic',
'board':'src.plugins.board.Board',
'cpu':'src.plugins.cpu.Cpu',
'disk':'src.plugins.disk.Disk',
'nic':'src.plugins.nic.Nic',
'memory':'src.plugins.memory.Memory',
}
src/plugins/__init__.py
import traceback
from lib.conf.config import settings
import importlib
import subprocess
### 管理插件信息的類
class PluginsManager(object):
def __init__(self, hostname=None):
pass
### 讀取配置文件中的pluginsdict， 並執行對應模塊中的process方法
def execute(self):
response = {}
for k, v in self.plugins_dict.items():
ret = {"status":None, 'data':None}
'''
k: board,...
v: src.plugins.board.Board 字符串
'''
try:
# 1. 導入模塊路徑
moudle_path, class_name = v.rsplit('.', 1)
# 2. 導入這個路徑
moudle_name = importlib.import_module(moudle_path)
# 3. 導入對應模塊下的類
classobj = getattr(moudle_name, class_name)
# 4. 執行類下面對應的process方法
res = classobj().process()
except Exception as e:
pass
return response
src/plugins/cpu.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import os
from lib.conf.config import settings
class Cpu(object):
def __init__(self):
pass
@classmethod
def initial(cls):
return cls()
def process(self, command_func, debug):
print('cpu print')
src/plugins/disk.py
import os
from lib.conf.config import settings
class Cpu(object):
def __init__(self):
pass
@classmethod
def initial(cls):
return cls()
def process(self, command_func, debug):
print('disk print')
2.4 冗余代碼抽取
繼承方式
把函數當參數傳入函數中:
在src/plugins/init.py中寫，__隱藏，調用execute的時候，把函數地址和命令傳入
import traceback
from lib.conf.config import settings
import importlib
import subprocess
### 管理插件信息的類
class PluginsManager(object):
def __init__(self, hostname=None):
self.plugins_dict = settings.PLUGINS_DICT
self.hostname = hostname # 采集客戶端的地址
self.debug = settings.DEBUG
if settings.MODE == 'ssh': # ssh方式才需要端口，用戶名，密碼，這些應該放到配置文件中
self.port = settings.SSH_PORT
self.name = settings.SSH_USERNAME
self.pwd = settings.SSH_PASSWORD
### 讀取配置文件中的pluginsdict， 並執行對應模塊中的process方法
def execute(self):
response = {}
for k, v in self.plugins_dict.items():
ret = {"status":None, 'data':None}
'''
k: board,...
v: src.plugins.board.Board 字符串
'''
try:
# 1. 導入模塊路徑
moudle_path, class_name = v.rsplit('.', 1)
# 2. 導入這個路徑
moudle_name = importlib.import_module(moudle_path)
# 3. 導入對應模塊下的類
classobj = getattr(moudle_name, class_name)
# 4. 執行類下面對應的process方法
res = classobj().process(self.__cmd_run, self.debug)
ret['status'] = 10000
ret['data'] = res
except Exception as e:
ret['status'] = 10001
ret['data']= "[%s] 采集 [%s] 出錯了， 錯誤信息是：%s" % (self.hostname if self.hostname else "Agent", k, str(traceback.format_exc()))
response[k] = ret
return response
def __cmd_run(self, cmd):
if settings.MODE == 'agent':
return self.__cmd_agent(cmd)
elif settings.MODE == 'ssh':
return self.__cmd_ssh(cmd)
elif settings.MODE == 'salt':
return self.__cmd_salt(cmd)
else:
print("只支持的模式有：agent/ssh/salt")
def __cmd_agent(self, cmd):
res = subprocess.getoutput(cmd)
return res
def __cmd_ssh(self, cmd):
import paramiko
# 創建SSH對象
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
# 允許連接不在know_hosts文件中的主機
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
# 連接服務器
ssh.connect(hostname=self.hostname, port=self.port, username=self.name, password=self.pwd)
# 執行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(cmd)
# 獲取命令結果
result = stdout.read()
# 關閉連接
ssh.close()
return result
def __cmd_salt(self, cmd):
command = "salt %s cmd.run %s" % (self.hostname, cmd)
res = subprocess.getoutput(command)
return res
在cpu.py disk.py中編寫
class Cpu(object):
def __init__(self):
pass
@classmethod
def initial(cls):
return cls()
def process(self, command_func, debug):
if debug:
output = open(os.path.join(settings.BASEDIR, 'files/cpuinfo.out'), 'r', encoding='utf-8').read()
else:
output = command_func("cat /proc/cpuinfo")
return self.parse(output)
2.5 解析數據（以主板為例）
# sudo dmidecode -t1 https://ipcmen.com/dmidecode
# 可以獲取BIOS，系統，主板，處理器，內存，緩存等 序列號、電腦廠商、串口信息以及其它系統配件信息
res = '''
SMBIOS 2.7 present.
Handle 0x0001, DMI type 1, 27 bytes
System Information
Manufacturer: Parallels Software International Inc.
Product Name: Parallels Virtual Platform
Version: None
Serial Number: Parallels-1A 1B CB 3B 64 66 4B 13 86 B0 86 FF 7E 2B 20 30
UUID: 3BCB1B1A-6664-134B-86B0-86FF7E2B2030
Wake-up Type: Power Switch
SKU Number: Undefined
Family: Parallels VM
'''
key_map = {
"Manufacturer" : 'manufacturer',
"Product Name" : 'product_name',
"Serial Number": 'sn'
}
result = {}
data = res.strip().split('\n')
# print(data)
for k in data:
v = (k.strip().split(':'))
if len(v) == 2:
if v[0] in key_map:
result[key_map[v[0]]] = v[1].strip()
print(result)
'''
result = {
'manufacturer' : 'Parallels Software International Inc.' ,
'product_name' : 'Parallels Virtual Platform',
'sn' : 'Parallels-1A 1B CB 3B 64 66 4B 13 86 B0 86 FF 7E 2B 20 30'
}
'''
2.6 代碼整合
plugins
-__init__.py
-basic.py
-board.py
-cpu.py
-disk.py
-memory.py
-nic.py
#__init__.py
import traceback
from lib.conf.config import settings
import importlib
import subprocess
### 管理插件信息的類
class PluginsManager(object):
def __init__(self, hostname=None):
self.plugins_dict = settings.PLUGINS_DICT
self.hostname = hostname
self.debug = settings.DEBUG
if settings.MODE == 'ssh':
self.port = settings.SSH_PORT
self.name = settings.SSH_USERNAME
self.pwd = settings.SSH_PASSWORD
### 讀取配置文件中的pluginsdict， 並執行對應模塊中的process方法
def execute(self):
response = {}
for k, v in self.plugins_dict.items():
ret = {"status":None, 'data':None}
'''
k: board,...
v: src.plugins.board.Board 字符串
'''
try:
# 1. 導入模塊路徑
moudle_path, class_name = v.rsplit('.', 1)
# 2. 導入這個路徑
moudle_name = importlib.import_module(moudle_path)
# 3. 導入對應模塊下的類
classobj = getattr(moudle_name, class_name)
# 4. 執行類下面對應的process方法
res = classobj().process(self.__cmd_run, self.debug)
ret['status'] = 10000
ret['data'] = res
except Exception as e:
ret['status'] = 10001
ret['data']= "[%s] 采集 [%s] 出錯了， 錯誤信息是：%s" % (self.hostname if self.hostname else "Agent", k, str(traceback.format_exc()))
response[k] = ret
return response
def __cmd_run(self, cmd):
if settings.MODE == 'agent':
return self.__cmd_agent(cmd)
elif settings.MODE == 'ssh':
return self.__cmd_ssh(cmd)
elif settings.MODE == 'salt':
return self.__cmd_salt(cmd)
else:
print("只支持的模式有：agent/ssh/salt")
def __cmd_agent(self, cmd):
res = subprocess.getoutput(cmd)
return res
def __cmd_ssh(self, cmd):
import paramiko
# 創建SSH對象
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
# 允許連接不在know_hosts文件中的主機
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
# 連接服務器
ssh.connect(hostname=self.hostname, port=self.port, username=self.name, password=self.pwd)
# 執行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(cmd)
# 獲取命令結果
result = stdout.read()
# 關閉連接
ssh.close()
return result
def __cmd_salt(self, cmd):
command = "salt %s cmd.run %s" % (self.hostname, cmd)
res = subprocess.getoutput(command)
return res
# basic.py
class Basic(object):
def __init__(self):
pass
@classmethod
def initial(cls):
return cls()
def process(self, command_func, debug):
if debug:
output = {
'os_platform': "linux",
'os_version': "CentOS release 6.6 (Final)\nKernel \r on an \m",
'hostname': 'c2000.com'
}
else:
output = {
'os_platform': command_func("uname").strip(),
'os_version': command_func("cat /etc/issue").strip().split('\n')[0],
'hostname': command_func("hostname").strip(),
}
return output
# board.py
import os
from lib.conf.config import settings
class Board(object):
def __init__(self):
pass
@classmethod
def initial(cls):
return cls()
def process(self, command_func, debug):
if debug:
output = open(os.path.join(settings.BASEDIR, 'files/board.out'), 'r', encoding='utf-8').read()
else:
output = command_func("sudo dmidecode -t1")
return self.parse(output)
def parse(self, content):
result = {}
key_map = {
'Manufacturer': 'manufacturer',
'Product Name': 'model',
'Serial Number': 'sn',
}
for item in content.split('\n'):
row_data = item.strip().split(':')
if len(row_data) == 2:
if row_data[0] in key_map:
result[key_map[row_data[0]]] = row_data[1].strip() if row_data[1] else row_data[1]
return result
# cpu.py
import os
from lib.conf.config import settings
class Cpu(object):
def __init__(self):
pass
@classmethod
def initial(cls):
return cls()
def process(self, command_func, debug):
if debug:
output = open(os.path.join(settings.BASEDIR, 'files/cpuinfo.out'), 'r', encoding='utf-8').read()
else:
output = command_func("cat /proc/cpuinfo")
return self.parse(output)
def parse(self, content):
"""
解析shell命令返回結果
:param content: shell 命令結果
:return:解析后的結果
"""
response = {'cpu_count': 0, 'cpu_physical_count': 0, 'cpu_model': ''}
cpu_physical_set = set()
content = content.strip()
for item in content.split('\n\n'):
for row_line in item.split('\n'):
key, value = row_line.split(':')
key = key.strip()
if key == 'processor':
response['cpu_count'] += 1
elif key == 'physical id':
cpu_physical_set.add(value)
elif key == 'model name':
if not response['cpu_model']:
response['cpu_model'] = value
response['cpu_physical_count'] = len(cpu_physical_set)
return response
#disk.py
import re
import os
from lib.conf.config import settings
class Disk(object):
def __init__(self):
pass
@classmethod
def initial(cls):
return cls()
def process(self, command_func, debug):
if debug:
output = open(os.path.join(settings.BASEDIR, 'files/disk.out'), 'r', encoding='utf-8').read()
else:
output = command_func("sudo MegaCli -PDList -aALL")
return self.parse(output)
def parse(self, content):
"""
解析shell命令返回結果
:param content: shell 命令結果
:return:解析后的結果
"""
response = {}
result = []
for row_line in content.split("\n\n\n\n"):
result.append(row_line)
for item in result:
temp_dict = {}
for row in item.split('\n'):
if not row.strip():
continue
if len(row.split(':')) != 2:
continue
key, value = row.split(':')
name = self.mega_patter_match(key)
if name:
if key == 'Raw Size':
raw_size = re.search('(\d+\.\d+)', value.strip())
if raw_size:
temp_dict[name] = raw_size.group()
else:
raw_size = '0'
else:
temp_dict[name] = value.strip()
if temp_dict:
response[temp_dict['slot']] = temp_dict
return response
@staticmethod
def mega_patter_match(needle):
grep_pattern = {'Slot': 'slot', 'Raw Size': 'capacity', 'Inquiry': 'model', 'PD Type': 'pd_type'}
for key, value in grep_pattern.items():
if needle.startswith(key):
return value
return False
# memory.py
import os
from lib import convert
from lib.conf.config import settings
class Memory(object):
def __init__(self):
pass
@classmethod
def initial(cls):
return cls()
def process(self, command_func, debug):
if debug:
output = open(os.path.join(settings.BASEDIR, 'files/memory.out'), 'r', encoding='utf-8').read()
else:
output = command_func("sudo dmidecode -q -t 17 2>/dev/null")
return self.parse(output)
def parse(self, content):
"""
解析shell命令返回結果
:param content: shell 命令結果
:return:解析后的結果
"""
ram_dict = {}
key_map = {
'Size': 'capacity',
'Locator': 'slot',
'Type': 'model',
'Speed': 'speed',
'Manufacturer': 'manufacturer',
'Serial Number': 'sn',
}
devices = content.split('Memory Device')
for item in devices:
item = item.strip()
if not item:
continue
if item.startswith('#'):
continue
segment = {}
lines = item.split('\n\t')
for line in lines:
if not line.strip():
continue
if len(line.split(':')):
key, value = line.split(':')
else:
key = line.split(':')[0]
value = ""
if key in key_map:
if key == 'Size':
segment[key_map['Size']] = convert.convert_mb_to_gb(value, 0)
else:
segment[key_map[key.strip()]] = value.strip()
ram_dict[segment['slot']] = segment
return ram_dict
#nic.py 網絡接口控制器
import os
import re
from lib.conf.config import settings
class Nic(object):
def __init__(self):
pass
@classmethod
def initial(cls):
return cls()
def process(self, command_func, debug):
if debug:
output = open(os.path.join(settings.BASEDIR, 'files/nic.out'), 'r', encoding='utf-8').read()
interfaces_info = self._interfaces_ip(output)
else:
interfaces_info = self.linux_interfaces(command_func)
self.standard(interfaces_info)
return interfaces_info
def linux_interfaces(self, command_func):
'''
Obtain interface information for *NIX/BSD variants
'''
ifaces = dict()
ip_path = 'ip'
if ip_path:
cmd1 = command_func('sudo {0} link show'.format(ip_path))
cmd2 = command_func('sudo {0} addr show'.format(ip_path))
ifaces = self._interfaces_ip(cmd1 + '\n' + cmd2)
return ifaces
def which(self, exe):
def _is_executable_file_or_link(exe):
# check for os.X_OK doesn't suffice because directory may executable
return (os.access(exe, os.X_OK) and
(os.path.isfile(exe) or os.path.islink(exe)))
if exe:
if _is_executable_file_or_link(exe):
# executable in cwd or fullpath
return exe
# default path based on busybox's default
default_path = '/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin'
search_path = os.environ.get('PATH', default_path)
path_ext = os.environ.get('PATHEXT', '.EXE')
ext_list = path_ext.split(';')
search_path = search_path.split(os.pathsep)
if True:
# Add any dirs in the default_path which are not in search_path. If
# there was no PATH variable found in os.environ, then this will be
# a no-op. This ensures that all dirs in the default_path are
# searched, which lets salt.utils.which() work well when invoked by
# salt-call running from cron (which, depending on platform, may
# have a severely limited PATH).
search_path.extend(
[
x for x in default_path.split(os.pathsep)
if x not in search_path
]
)
for path in search_path:
full_path = os.path.join(path, exe)
if _is_executable_file_or_link(full_path):
return full_path
return None
def _number_of_set_bits_to_ipv4_netmask(self, set_bits): # pylint: disable=C0103
'''
Returns an IPv4 netmask from the integer representation of that mask.
Ex. 0xffffff00 -> '255.255.255.0'
'''
return self.cidr_to_ipv4_netmask(self._number_of_set_bits(set_bits))
def cidr_to_ipv4_netmask(self, cidr_bits):
'''
Returns an IPv4 netmask
'''
try:
cidr_bits = int(cidr_bits)
if not 1 <= cidr_bits <= 32:
return ''
except ValueError:
return ''
netmask = ''
for idx in range(4):
if idx:
netmask += '.'
if cidr_bits >= 8:
netmask += '255'
cidr_bits -= 8
else:
netmask += '{0:d}'.format(256 - (2 ** (8 - cidr_bits)))
cidr_bits = 0
return netmask
def _number_of_set_bits(self, x):
'''
Returns the number of bits that are set in a 32bit int
'''
# Taken from http://stackoverflow.com/a/4912729. Many thanks!
x -= (x >> 1) & 0x55555555
x = ((x >> 2) & 0x33333333) + (x & 0x33333333)
x = ((x >> 4) + x) & 0x0f0f0f0f
x += x >> 8
x += x >> 16
return x & 0x0000003f
def _interfaces_ip(self, out):
'''
Uses ip to return a dictionary of interfaces with various information about
each (up/down state, ip address, netmask, and hwaddr)
'''
ret = dict()
right_keys = ['name', 'hwaddr', 'up', 'netmask', 'ipaddrs']
def parse_network(value, cols):
'''
Return a tuple of ip, netmask, broadcast
based on the current set of cols
'''
brd = None
if '/' in value: # we have a CIDR in this address
ip, cidr = value.split('/') # pylint: disable=C0103
else:
ip = value # pylint: disable=C0103
cidr = 32
if type_ == 'inet':
mask = self.cidr_to_ipv4_netmask(int(cidr))
if 'brd' in cols:
brd = cols[cols.index('brd') + 1]
return (ip, mask, brd)
groups = re.compile('\r?\n\\d').split(out)
for group in groups:
iface = None
data = dict()
for line in group.splitlines():
if ' ' not in line:
continue
match = re.match(r'^\d*:\s+([\w.\-]+)(?:@)?([\w.\-]+)?:\s+<(.+)>', line)
if match:
iface, parent, attrs = match.groups()
if 'UP' in attrs.split(','):
data['up'] = True
else:
data['up'] = False
if parent and parent in right_keys:
data[parent] = parent
continue
cols = line.split()
if len(cols) >= 2:
type_, value = tuple(cols[0:2])
iflabel = cols[-1:][0]
if type_ in ('inet',):
if 'secondary' not in cols:
ipaddr, netmask, broadcast = parse_network(value, cols)
if type_ == 'inet':
if 'inet' not in data:
data['inet'] = list()
addr_obj = dict()
addr_obj['address'] = ipaddr
addr_obj['netmask'] = netmask
addr_obj['broadcast'] = broadcast
data['inet'].append(addr_obj)
else:
if 'secondary' not in data:
data['secondary'] = list()
ip_, mask, brd = parse_network(value, cols)
data['secondary'].append({
'type': type_,
'address': ip_,
'netmask': mask,
'broadcast': brd,
})
del ip_, mask, brd
elif type_.startswith('link'):
data['hwaddr'] = value
if iface:
if iface.startswith('pan') or iface.startswith('lo') or iface.startswith('v'):
del iface, data
else:
ret[iface] = data
del iface, data
return ret
def standard(self, interfaces_info):
for key, value in interfaces_info.items():
ipaddrs = set()
netmask = set()
if not 'inet' in value:
value['ipaddrs'] = ''
value['netmask'] = ''
else:
for item in value['inet']:
ipaddrs.add(item['address'])
netmask.add(item['netmask'])
value['ipaddrs'] = '/'.join(ipaddrs)
value['netmask'] = '/'.join(netmask)
del value['inet']
# lib/convert.py
def convert_to_int(value,default=0):
try:
result = int(value)
except Exception as e:
result = default
return result
def convert_mb_to_gb(value,default=0):
try:
value = value.strip('MB')
result = int(value)
except Exception as e:
result = default
return result
# bin/start.py
from src.plugins import PluginsManager
if __name__ == '__main__':
res=PluginsManager().execute()
print(res)
注意
sudo dmidecode -t1
可以獲取BIOS，系統，主板，處理器，內存，緩存等 序列號、電腦廠商、串口信息以及其它系統配件信息
sudo MegaCli -PDList -aALL
需要安裝
2.7 異常處理
traceback使用
import traceback
def test():
try:
a = "dsadsa"
int(a)
except Exception as e:
print(traceback.format_exc())
test()
src/plugins/init.py
import traceback
from lib.conf.config import settings
import importlib
import subprocess
### 管理插件信息的類
class PluginsManager(object):
def __init__(self, hostname=None):
self.plugins_dict = settings.PLUGINS_DICT
self.hostname = hostname
self.debug = settings.DEBUG
if settings.MODE == 'ssh':
self.port = settings.SSH_PORT
self.name = settings.SSH_USERNAME
self.pwd = settings.SSH_PASSWORD
### 讀取配置文件中的pluginsdict， 並執行對應模塊中的process方法
def execute(self):
response = {}
for k, v in self.plugins_dict.items():
ret = {"status":None, 'data':None}
'''
k: board,...
v: src.plugins.board.Board 字符串
'''
try:
# 1. 導入模塊路徑
moudle_path, class_name = v.rsplit('.', 1)
# 2. 導入這個路徑
moudle_name = importlib.import_module(moudle_path)
# 3. 導入對應模塊下的類
classobj = getattr(moudle_name, class_name)
# 4. 執行類下面對應的process方法
res = classobj().process(self.__cmd_run, self.debug)
ret['status'] = 10000
ret['data'] = res
except Exception as e:
# hostname有值說明不是anget方案，是salstack或paramiko方案
ret['status'] = 10001
ret['data']= "[%s] 采集 [%s] 出錯了， 錯誤信息是：%s" % (self.hostname if self.hostname else "Agent", k, str(traceback.format_exc()))
response[k] = ret
return response
def __cmd_run(self, cmd):
if settings.MODE == 'agent':
return self.__cmd_agent(cmd)
elif settings.MODE == 'ssh':
return self.__cmd_ssh(cmd)
elif settings.MODE == 'salt':
return self.__cmd_salt(cmd)
else:
print("只支持的模式有：agent/ssh/salt")
def __cmd_agent(self, cmd):
res = subprocess.getoutput(cmd)
return res
def __cmd_ssh(self, cmd):
import paramiko
# 創建SSH對象
ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
# 允許連接不在know_hosts文件中的主機
ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
# 連接服務器
ssh.connect(hostname=self.hostname, port=self.port, username=self.name, password=self.pwd)
# 執行命令
stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(cmd)
# 獲取命令結果
result = stdout.read()
# 關閉連接
ssh.close()
return result
def __cmd_salt(self, cmd):
command = "salt %s cmd.run %s" % (self.hostname, cmd)
res = subprocess.getoutput(command)
return res
2.8 把采集到的數據上傳
客戶端
## src/client
import requests
from lib.conf.config import settings
from src.plugins import PluginsManager
import os
class Base():
def post_data(self, server_info):
requests.post(settings.API_URL, json=server_info)
class Agent(Base):
### 收集數據並發送
def collectAndPost(self):
server_info = PluginsManager().execute()
hostname = server_info['basic']['data']['hostname'] ### c10000.com
res = open(os.path.join(settings.BASEDIR, 'config/cert'), 'r', encoding='utf-8').read()
if not res.strip():
#### 第一次采集, 將采集的hostname寫入到一個文件中
with open(os.path.join(settings.BASEDIR, 'config/cert'), 'w', encoding='utf-8') as fp:
fp.write(hostname)
else:
#### 第二次采集的時候， 永遠以第一次文件中保存的主機名為標准
server_info['basic']['data']['hostname'] = res
for k, v in server_info.items():
print(k, v)
# requests.post(settings.API_URL, data=json.dumps(res))
### Content-Type':"application/json"
self.post_data(server_info)
class SSHSalt(Base):
def get_hostnames(self):
hostnames = requests.get(settings.API_URL)
return ['c1.com', 'c2.com']
def run(self, hostname):
server_info = PluginsManager(hostname).execute()
self.post_data(server_info)
def collectAndPost(self):
hostnames = self.get_hostnames()
### 單線程執行， 循環速度比較慢
# for hostname in hostnames:
# server_info = PluginsManager(hostname).execute()
# self.post_data(server_info)
### 線程池的方式采集數據
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
p = ThreadPoolExecutor(10)
for hostname in hostnames:
p.submit(self.run, hostname)
# src/script.py
from src.client import Agent
from src.client import SSHSalt
from lib.conf.config import settings
def run():
if settings.MODE == 'agent':
obj = Agent()
else:# 不管salt和paramiko方式，都需要從服務器獲取客戶端ip地址
obj = SSHSalt()
obj.collectAndPost()
# bin/start.py
from src.script import run
if __name__ == '__main__':
run()
服務端
2.9 唯一標識的問題
# 目標：將變更的信息通過程序的比對， 記錄下來
#第一天的時候：
# 采集數據：
{'status': 10000, 'data': {'os_platform': 'linux', 'os_version': 'CentOS release 6.6 (Final)\nKernel \r on an \\m', 'hostname': 'c2.com'}}
#API清洗的時候:
因為是第一次， 數據庫中並沒有采集的數據
數據入庫：
server：1000條
id sn os_platform os_version disk_size
1 dsadsa linux CentOS 250G
........
#第二天的時候(數據發生變化，應該比對)：
#采集數據：
{'status': 10000, 'data': {'os_platform': 'linux', 'os_version': 'CentOS release 6.6 (Final)\nKernel \r on an \\m', 'hostname': 'c2.com'}}
{'status': 10000, 'data': {'0': {'slot': '0', 'pd_type': 'SAS', 'capacity': '300G', 'model': 'SEAGATE ST300MM0006 LS08S0K2B5NV'}, '1': {'slot': '1', 'pd_type': 'SAS', 'capacity': '279.396', 'model': 'SEAGATE ST300MM0006 LS08S0K2B5AH'}, '2': {'slot': '2', 'pd_type': 'SATA', 'capacity': '476.939', 'model': 'S1SZNSAFA01085L Samsung SSD 850 PRO 512GB EXM01B6Q'}, '3': {'slot': '3', 'pd_type': 'SATA', 'capacity': '476.939', 'model': 'S1AXNSAF912433K Samsung SSD 840 PRO Series DXM06B0Q'}, '4': {'slot': '4', 'pd_type': 'SATA', 'capacity': '476.939', 'model': 'S1AXNSAF303909M Samsung SSD 840 PRO Series DXM05B0Q'}, '5': {'slot': '5', 'pd_type': 'SATA', 'capacity': '476.939', 'model': 'S1AXNSAFB00549A Samsung SSD 840 PRO Series DXM06B0Q'}}}
# API清洗的時候:
應該在新的POST數據中選取一個 唯一 的字段， 然后到數據庫中作為where條件， 獲取到對應的數據
問題是 應該選取誰？
選取的是 sn 序列號（mac地址） 作為唯一的字段
用sn遇到的問題：
虛擬機和實體機共用一個sn， 導致數據不准確
# 解決的方案：
a. 如果公司不需要采集虛擬機的信息， 使用sn沒有問題
b. 采用 hostname 作為唯一標識
- 是允許開發可以臨時修改主機名的
-實現方案：
-1. 給這些服務器分配唯一的主機名
-2 將分配好的主機名錄入到后台管理的DBserver表中
-3. 將采集的client客戶端代碼， 運行一次
-4 然后將得到的主機名地址保存到一個文件中
第一天：
1. 給這些服務器分配唯一的主機名
2. 將分配好的主機名錄入到后台管理的DBserver表中
3. 將采集的client客戶端代碼， 運行一次，
然后將得到的主機名地址保存到一個文件中
第二天：
hostname = server_info['basic']['data']['hostname'] ### c10000.com
res = open(os.path.join(settings.BASEDIR, 'config/cert'), 'r', encoding='utf-8').read()
if not res.strip():
#### 第一次采集, 將采集的hostname寫入到一個文件中
with open(os.path.join(settings.BASEDIR, 'config/cert'), 'w', encoding='utf-8') as fp:
fp.write(hostname)
else:
#### 第二次采集的時候， 永遠以第一次文件中保存的主機名為標准
server_info['basic']['data']['hostname'] = res
代碼實現
# src/client.py
# angent方案：第一次運行時取主機名，寫到文件中，以后永遠用主機名
# ssh和salt方案，不需要此操作，因為一旦主機名改了，就連接不上了
import requests
from lib.conf.config import settings
from src.plugins import PluginsManager
import os
class Base():
def post_data(self, server_info):
requests.post(settings.API_URL, json=server_info)
class Agent(Base):
### 收集數據並發送
def collectAndPost(self):
server_info = PluginsManager().execute()
hostname = server_info['basic']['data']['hostname'] ### c10000.com
res = open(os.path.join(settings.BASEDIR, 'config/cert'), 'r', encoding='utf-8').read()
if not res.strip():
#### 第一次采集, 將采集的hostname寫入到一個文件中
with open(os.path.join(settings.BASEDIR, 'config/cert'), 'w', encoding='utf-8') as fp:
fp.write(hostname)
else:
#### 第二次采集的時候， 永遠以第一次文件中保存的主機名為標准
server_info['basic']['data']['hostname'] = res
for k, v in server_info.items():
print(k, v)
# requests.post(settings.API_URL, data=json.dumps(res))
### Content-Type':"application/json"
self.post_data(server_info)
class SSHSalt(Base):
pass
2.10 API的驗證
第一種方式
# 客戶端：
#### 第一種方式
import requests
token = "dsabdshanbdjsanjdsanjds"
#### 切記， 進行token驗證的時候， 一定是將token寫在http的請求頭中
res = requests.get("http://127.0.0.1:8000/getInfo/", headers = {"token":token})
print(res.text)
# 服務端：
token = request.META.get('HTTP_TOKEN')
server_token = "dsabdshanbdjsanjdsanjdsa"
if token != server_token:
return HttpResponse('token值是錯誤的！')
第二種方式
## 客戶端：
import requests
token = "dsabdshanbdjsanjdsanjds"
import time
client_time = time.time()
tmp = "%s|%s" % (token, client_time)
##### 加密
import hashlib
m = hashlib.md5()
m.update(bytes(tmp, encoding='utf8'))
res = m.hexdigest()
client_md5_token = "%s|%s" % (res, client_time)
#### 切記， 進行token驗證的時候， 一定是將token寫在http的請求頭中
data = requests.get("http://127.0.0.1:8000/getInfo/", headers = {"token":client_md5_token})
print(data.text)
# 服務端：
server_token = "dsabdshanbdjsanjdsanjds"
server_time = time.time()
client_md5_header = request.META.get('HTTP_TOKEN')
client_md5_token, client_time = client_md5_header.split('|')
client_time = float(client_time)
if server_time - client_time > 10:
return HttpResponse(' 時間太久了.....')
tmp = "%s|%s" % (server_token, client_time)
m = hashlib.md5()
m.update(bytes(tmp, encoding='utf-8'))
server_md5_token = m.hexdigest()
if server_md5_token != client_md5_token:
return HttpResponse('修改了token')
三 服務端編寫
3.1 后台表結構
Disk表:
NIC表：
Memory表：
Server表：機器位置信息，在哪個機房，機房基層，機櫃位置，部署時間這些屬性手動錄入
跟上面三個表是一對多
IDC表：機房表，跟Server是一對多
BusinessUnit表：業務線（產品線）表，跟server是一對多
Tag表：標簽表，跟Server是多對多
UserInfo表：用戶表，分產品線表是多對多
UserGroup表：用戶組表，跟用戶多對多
AssetRecord表：資產變更記錄表，server跟AssetRecord是一對多
ErrorLog表：錯誤日志表，server跟errorlog是一對多
from django.db import models
class UserProfile(models.Model):
"""
用戶信息
"""
name = models.CharField(u'姓名', max_length=32)
email = models.EmailField(u'郵箱')
phone = models.CharField(u'座機', max_length=32)
mobile = models.CharField(u'手機', max_length=32)
password = models.CharField(u'密碼', max_length=64)
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "用戶表"
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class UserGroup(models.Model):
"""
用戶組
"""
name = models.CharField(max_length=32, unique=True)
users = models.ManyToManyField('UserProfile')
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "用戶組表"
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class BusinessUnit(models.Model):
"""
業務線
"""
name = models.CharField('業務線', max_length=64, unique=True)
contact = models.ForeignKey('UserGroup', verbose_name='業務聯系人', related_name='c')
manager = models.ForeignKey('UserGroup', verbose_name='系統管理員', related_name='m')
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "業務線表"
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class IDC(models.Model):
"""
機房信息
"""
name = models.CharField('機房', max_length=32)
floor = models.IntegerField('樓層', default=1)
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "機房表"
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Tag(models.Model):
"""
資產標簽
"""
name = models.CharField('標簽', max_length=32, unique=True)
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "標簽表"
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Server(models.Model):
"""
服務器信息
"""
device_type_choices = (
(1, '服務器'),
(2, '交換機'),
(3, '防火牆'),
)
device_status_choices = (
(1, '上架'),
(2, '在線'),
(3, '離線'),
(4, '下架'),
)
device_type_id = models.IntegerField('服務器類型',choices=device_type_choices, default=1)
device_status_id = models.IntegerField('服務器狀態',choices=device_status_choices, default=1)
cabinet_num = models.CharField('機櫃號', max_length=30, null=True, blank=True)
cabinet_order = models.CharField('機櫃中序號', max_length=30, null=True, blank=True)
idc = models.ForeignKey('IDC', verbose_name='IDC機房', null=True, blank=True)
business_unit = models.ForeignKey('BusinessUnit', verbose_name='屬於的業務線', null=True, blank=True)
tag = models.ManyToManyField('Tag')
hostname = models.CharField('主機名',max_length=128, unique=True)
sn = models.CharField('SN號', max_length=64, db_index=True)
manufacturer = models.CharField(verbose_name='制造商', max_length=64, null=True, blank=True)
model = models.CharField('型號', max_length=64, null=True, blank=True)
manage_ip = models.GenericIPAddressField('管理IP', null=True, blank=True)
os_platform = models.CharField('系統', max_length=16, null=True, blank=True)
os_version = models.CharField('系統版本', max_length=16, null=True, blank=True)
cpu_count = models.IntegerField('CPU個數', null=True, blank=True)
cpu_physical_count = models.IntegerField('CPU物理個數', null=True, blank=True)
cpu_model = models.CharField('CPU型號', max_length=128, null=True, blank=True)
create_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, blank=True)
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "服務器表"
def __str__(self):
return self.hostname
class Disk(models.Model):
"""
硬盤信息
"""
slot = models.CharField('插槽位', max_length=8)
model = models.CharField('磁盤型號', max_length=32)
capacity = models.CharField('磁盤容量GB', max_length=32)
pd_type = models.CharField('磁盤類型', max_length=32)
server_obj = models.ForeignKey('Server',related_name='disk')
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "硬盤表"
def __str__(self):
return self.slot
class NIC(models.Model):
"""
網卡信息
"""
name = models.CharField('網卡名稱', max_length=128)
hwaddr = models.CharField('網卡mac地址', max_length=64)
netmask = models.CharField(max_length=64)
ipaddrs = models.CharField('ip地址', max_length=256)
up = models.BooleanField(default=False)
server_obj = models.ForeignKey('Server',related_name='nic')
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "網卡表"
def __str__(self):
return self.name
class Memory(models.Model):
"""
內存信息
"""
slot = models.CharField('插槽位', max_length=32)
manufacturer = models.CharField('制造商', max_length=32, null=True, blank=True)
model = models.CharField('型號', max_length=64)
capacity = models.FloatField('容量', null=True, blank=True)
sn = models.CharField('內存SN號', max_length=64, null=True, blank=True)
speed = models.CharField('速度', max_length=16, null=True, blank=True)
server_obj = models.ForeignKey('Server',related_name='memory')
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "內存表"
def __str__(self):
return self.slot
class AssetRecord(models.Model):
"""
資產變更記錄,creator為空時，表示是資產匯報的數據。
"""
asset_obj = models.ForeignKey('Server', related_name='ar')
content = models.TextField(null=True)# 新增硬盤
creator = models.ForeignKey('UserProfile', null=True, blank=True) #
create_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "資產記錄表"
def __str__(self):
return "%s-%s-%s" % (self.asset_obj.idc.name, self.asset_obj.cabinet_num, self.asset_obj.cabinet_order)
class ErrorLog(models.Model):
"""
錯誤日志,如：agent采集數據錯誤 或 運行錯誤
"""
asset_obj = models.ForeignKey('Server', null=True, blank=True)
title = models.CharField(max_length=16)
content = models.TextField()
create_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
class Meta:
verbose_name_plural = "錯誤日志表"
def __str__(self):
return self.title
# admin管理
from repository import models
admin.site.register(models.Server)
admin.site.register(models.UserProfile)
admin.site.register(models.UserGroup)
admin.site.register(models.BusinessUnit)
admin.site.register(models.IDC)
admin.site.register(models.Tag)
admin.site.register(models.Disk)
admin.site.register(models.Memory)
admin.site.register(models.NIC)
admin.site.register(models.AssetRecord)
admin.site.register(models.ErrorLog)
# 錄入信息
# 錄入三條業務線：互娛部，新聞部，雲計算部
# 錄入用戶組：A組，B組，C組
# 錄入管理員：張三，李四，王五
# 錄入Server數據：服務器，上架，機櫃號13，機櫃中序號32，IDC機房，業務線，標簽，主機名（c2.com）
# 錄入IDC機房：世紀互聯，神州
# 錄入標簽：web，db，cache
3.2 資產清洗錄入（以硬盤為例）
# 新增：new-old
# 刪除：old-new
# 更新：交集
# 差集
new_slot_list={0,1,2}
old_slot_list={0,1}
# 差集
res=new_slot_list-old_slot_list
print(res)
# 或者
res=new_slot_list.difference(old_slot_list)
print(res)
# 交集
print(new_slot_list & old_slot_list)
# 或者
print(new_slot_list.intersection(old_slot_list))
def getInfo(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
data = request.body
# print(data)
data = json.loads(data)
#### 通過主機名獲取老的數據對應的記錄
hostname = data['basic']['data']['hostname']
old_server_info = models.Server.objects.filter(hostname=hostname).first() ## obj
if not old_server_info:
return HttpResponse('資產不存在')
#### 以分析disk硬盤數據為例， 進行比對分析
#### 如果采集出錯的話， 記錄錯誤的信息
if data['disk']['status'] != 10000:
models.ErrorLog.objects.create(asset_obj=old_server_info, title = "%s 采集硬盤出錯了" % (hostname), content=data['disk']['data'])
'''
{
'0': {'slot': '0', 'pd_type': 'SAS', 'capacity': '279.396', 'model': 'SEAGATE ST300MM0006 LS08S0K2B5NV'},
'1': {'slot': '1', 'pd_type': 'SAS', 'capacity': '279.396', 'model': 'SEAGATE ST300MM0006 LS08S0K2B5AH'},
'2': {'slot': '2', 'pd_type': 'SATA', 'capacity': '476.939', 'model': 'S1SZNSAFA01085L Samsung SSD 850 PRO 512GB EXM01B6Q'},
}
'''
new_disk_info = data['disk']['data']
'''
[
obj(slot:0, pd_type:SAS,......),
obj(slot:1, pd_type:SATA,......),
....
]
'''
old_disk_info = models.Disk.objects.filter(server_obj=old_server_info).all() ## []
new_slot_list = list(new_disk_info.keys())
old_slot_list = []
for obj in old_disk_info:
old_slot_list.append(obj.slot)
'''
new_slot_list = [0,2]
old_slot_list = [0,1]
新增： new_slot_list - old_slot_list = 2
刪除： old_slot_list - new_slot_list = 1
更新： 交集
'''
#### 增加slot
add_slot_list = set(new_slot_list).difference(set(old_slot_list))
if add_slot_list:
record_list = []
for slot in add_slot_list:
# {'slot': '0', 'pd_type': 'SAS', 'capacity': '279.396', 'model': 'SEAGATE ST300MM0006 LS08S0K2B5NV'}
disk_res = new_disk_info[slot]
tmp = "添加插槽是:{slot}, 磁盤類型是:{pd_type}, 磁盤容量是:{capacity}, 磁盤的型號：{model}".format(**disk_res)
disk_res['server_obj'] = old_server_info
record_list.append(tmp)
models.Disk.objects.create(**disk_res)
### 將變更新的信息添加到變更記錄表中
record_str = ";".join(record_list)
models.AssetRecord.objects.create(asset_obj=old_server_info, content=record_str)
#### 刪除slot
del_slot_list = set(old_slot_list).difference(set(new_slot_list))
if del_slot_list:
record_str = "刪除的槽位是：%s" % (";".join(del_slot_list))
models.Disk.objects.filter(slot__in=del_slot_list, server_obj=old_server_info).delete()
models.AssetRecord.objects.create(asset_obj=old_server_info, content=record_str)
#### 更新硬盤數據
up_solt_list = set(new_slot_list).intersection(set(old_slot_list))
if up_solt_list:
record_list = []
for slot in up_solt_list:
## 新的：'0': {'slot': '0', 'pd_type': 'SAS', 'capacity': '500G', 'model': 'SEAGATE ST300MM0006 LS08S0K2B5NV'}
new_disk_row = new_disk_info[slot]
### 老的：obj(slot:0, pd_type:SAS,.....)
old_disk_row = models.Disk.objects.filter(slot=slot, server_obj=old_server_info).first()
for k, new_v in new_disk_row.items():
'''
k: slot, pd_type, capacity,...
new_v: 0 SAS 279.396,....
'''
### 利用反射
### 1. 先從老的數據中心獲取老的數據
old_v = getattr(old_disk_row, k)
### 2. 判斷老的數據和新的數據是否相同
if new_v != old_v:
tmp = "槽位%s, %s由原來的%s變成了%s" % (slot, k, old_v, new_v)
record_list.append(tmp)
### 3. 將新的數據設置回到老的數據行對象中
setattr(old_disk_row, k, new_v)
### 4. 調用save， 保存
old_disk_row.save()
if record_list:
models.AssetRecord.objects.create(asset_obj=old_server_info, content=";".join(record_list))
return HttpResponse('ok')
else:
### 第一種方式的判斷
# if token != server_token:
# return HttpResponse('token值是錯誤的！')
### 連接數據庫獲取主機名列表
token = request.META.get('HTTP_TOKEN')
client_md5_token, client_time = token.split('|')
client_time = float(client_time)
import time
server_time = time.time()
if server_time - client_time > 10:
return HttpResponse('第一關【超時了】')
server_token = "dsabdshanbdjsanjdsanjdsa"
tmp = "%s|%s" % (server_token, client_time)
import hashlib
m = hashlib.md5()
m.update(bytes(tmp, encoding='utf8'))
server_md5_token = m.hexdigest()
if server_md5_token != client_md5_token:
return HttpResponse('第二關【數據被修改過了】')
#### 第三關， 連接redis
### 第一次來的時候， 先去redis中判斷， client_md5_token 是否在redis中，
### 如果在redis中， 則代表已經訪問過了， return 回去
### 如果不在redis中， 則第一次訪問， 添加到redis中， 並且設置過期時間 10s
return HttpResponse('非常重要的數據')
3.3 前后端混合開發之layui
https://www.layui.com/doc/element/layout.html#adminhttps://www.layui.com/doc/element/layout.html#admin
3.4 前后端混合開發之xadmin
# adminx.py
import xadmin
from repository import models
class DiskAdmin(object):
list_display = ['id','slot' ,'model','capacity','pd_type','server_obj']
search_fields = ['id', 'slot' ,'model','capacity','pd_type']
# list_editable = ['name' ,'email','phone','mobile']
# list_filter = ['name' ,'email','phone','mobile']
# list_filter = ['oid','user' ,'odate','oisPay','ototal','oadress']
class ServerAdmin(object):
list_display = ['id', 'device_type_id', 'device_status_id', 'idc', 'business_unit', 'hostname', 'create_at']
show_detail_fields = ['hostname']
# search_fields = ['id', 'slot', 'model', 'capacity', 'pd_type']
# data_charts = {
# "user_count": {'title': u"服務器分布", "x-field": "idc", "y-field": ("business_unit",),},
# # "avg_count": {'title': u"Avg Report", "x-field": "date", "y-field": ('avg_count',), "order": ('date',)}
# }
# list_per_page = 2
data_charts = {
"host_service_type_counts": {
'title': '部門機器使用情況',
'x-field': "business_unit",
'y-field': ("business_unit"),
'option': {
"series": {"bars": {"align": "center", "barWidth": 0.8, "show": True}},
"xaxis": {"aggregate": "count", "mode": "categories"}
},
},
"host_idc_counts": {
'title': '機房統計',
'x-field': "idc",
'y-field': ("idc",),
'option': {
"series": {"bars": {"align": "center", "barWidth": 0.3, "show": True}},
"xaxis": {"aggregate": "count", "mode": "categories"}
}
}
}
class IDCAdmin(object):
list_display = ['id', 'name', 'floor']
show_detail_fields = ['name']
# search_fields = ['id', 'slot', 'model', 'capacity', 'pd_type']
xadmin.site.register(models.Disk,DiskAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(models.Server,ServerAdmin)
xadmin.site.register(models.IDC,IDCAdmin)
3.5 前后端分離之vue-admin
# 介紹地址
https://panjiachen.github.io/vue-element-admin-site/zh/guide/
# 集成版本（高級版本）
https://github.com/PanJiaChen/vue-element-admin
# 演示地址
https://github.com/PanJiaChen/vue-element-admin/blob/master/README.zh-CN.md
# 基礎版本
https://github.com/PanJiaChen/vue-admin-template
# 桌面版
https://github.com/PanJiaChen/electron-vue-admin
3.6 圖表展示
Highchars
https://www.highcharts.com.cn/
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1">
<title>layout 后台大布局 - Layui</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/lib/layui/css/layui.css">
<script src="http://cdn.highcharts.com.cn/highcharts/highcharts.js"></script>
{# <script src="/static/js/hichars.js"></script>#}
</head>
<body class="layui-layout-body">
<div class="layui-layout layui-layout-admin">
<div class="layui-header">
<div class="layui-logo">layui 后台布局</div>
<!-- 頭部區域（可配合layui已有的水平導航） -->
<ul class="layui-nav layui-layout-left">
<li class="layui-nav-item"><a href="">控制台</a></li>
<li class="layui-nav-item"><a href="">商品管理</a></li>
<li class="layui-nav-item"><a href="">用戶</a></li>
<li class="layui-nav-item">
<a href="javascript:;">其它系統</a>
<dl class="layui-nav-child">
<dd><a href="">郵件管理</a></dd>
<dd><a href="">消息管理</a></dd>
<dd><a href="">授權管理</a></dd>
</dl>
</li>
</ul>
<ul class="layui-nav layui-layout-right">
<li class="layui-nav-item">
<a href="javascript:;">
<img src="http://t.cn/RCzsdCq" class="layui-nav-img">
賢心
</a>
<dl class="layui-nav-child">
<dd><a href="">基本資料</a></dd>
<dd><a href="">安全設置</a></dd>
</dl>
</li>
<li class="layui-nav-item"><a href="">退了</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="layui-side layui-bg-black">
<div class="layui-side-scroll">
<!-- 左側導航區域（可配合layui已有的垂直導航） -->
<ul class="layui-nav layui-nav-tree" lay-filter="test">
<li class="layui-nav-item layui-nav-itemed">
<a class="" href="javascript:;">所有商品</a>
<dl class="layui-nav-child">
<dd><a href="javascript:;">列表一</a></dd>
<dd><a href="javascript:;">列表二</a></dd>
<dd><a href="javascript:;">列表三</a></dd>
<dd><a href="">超鏈接</a></dd>
</dl>
</li>
<li class="layui-nav-item">
<a href="javascript:;">解決方案</a>
<dl class="layui-nav-child">
<dd><a href="javascript:;">列表一</a></dd>
<dd><a href="javascript:;">列表二</a></dd>
<dd><a href="">超鏈接</a></dd>
</dl>
</li>
<li class="layui-nav-item"><a href="">雲市場</a></li>
<li class="layui-nav-item"><a href="">發布商品</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="layui-body">
<!-- 內容主體區域 -->
<div style="padding: 15px;">
<div id="container" style="max-width:800px;height:400px"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="layui-footer">
<!-- 底部固定區域 -->
© layui.com - 底部固定區域
</div>
</div>
<script src="/static/lib/layui/layui.js"></script>
<script>
//JavaScript代碼區域
layui.use('element', function () {
var element = layui.element;
});
var chart = Highcharts.chart('container', {
title: {
text: '用戶活躍量'
},
yAxis: {
title: {
text: '用戶人數'
}
},
legend: {
layout: 'vertical',
align: 'right',
verticalAlign: 'middle'
},
plotOptions: {
series: {
label: {
connectorAllowed: false
},
pointStart: 1
}
},
series: [{
name: '用戶登錄系統人數',
data: [10, 20, 14, 30, 55, 77, 99, 12]
},],
responsive: {
rules: [{
condition: {
maxWidth: 500
},
chartOptions: {
legend: {
layout: 'horizontal',
align: 'center',
verticalAlign: 'bottom'
}
}
}]
}
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
echars
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1">
<title>layout 后台大布局 - Layui</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/lib/layui/css/layui.css">
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/echarts@5.0.2/dist/echarts.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body class="layui-layout-body">
<div class="layui-layout layui-layout-admin">
<div class="layui-header">
<div class="layui-logo">layui 后台布局</div>
<!-- 頭部區域（可配合layui已有的水平導航） -->
<ul class="layui-nav layui-layout-left">
<li class="layui-nav-item"><a href="">控制台</a></li>
<li class="layui-nav-item"><a href="">商品管理</a></li>
<li class="layui-nav-item"><a href="">用戶</a></li>
<li class="layui-nav-item">
<a href="javascript:;">其它系統</a>
<dl class="layui-nav-child">
<dd><a href="">郵件管理</a></dd>
<dd><a href="">消息管理</a></dd>
<dd><a href="">授權管理</a></dd>
</dl>
</li>
</ul>
<ul class="layui-nav layui-layout-right">
<li class="layui-nav-item">
<a href="javascript:;">
<img src="http://t.cn/RCzsdCq" class="layui-nav-img">
賢心
</a>
<dl class="layui-nav-child">
<dd><a href="">基本資料</a></dd>
<dd><a href="">安全設置</a></dd>
</dl>
</li>
<li class="layui-nav-item"><a href="">退了</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="layui-side layui-bg-black">
<div class="layui-side-scroll">
<!-- 左側導航區域（可配合layui已有的垂直導航） -->
<ul class="layui-nav layui-nav-tree" lay-filter="test">
<li class="layui-nav-item layui-nav-itemed">
<a class="" href="javascript:;">所有商品</a>
<dl class="layui-nav-child">
<dd><a href="javascript:;">列表一</a></dd>
<dd><a href="javascript:;">列表二</a></dd>
<dd><a href="javascript:;">列表三</a></dd>
<dd><a href="">超鏈接</a></dd>
</dl>
</li>
<li class="layui-nav-item">
<a href="javascript:;">解決方案</a>
<dl class="layui-nav-child">
<dd><a href="javascript:;">列表一</a></dd>
<dd><a href="javascript:;">列表二</a></dd>
<dd><a href="">超鏈接</a></dd>
</dl>
</li>
<li class="layui-nav-item"><a href="">雲市場</a></li>
<li class="layui-nav-item"><a href="">發布商品</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="layui-body">
<!-- 內容主體區域 -->
<div style="padding: 15px;">
<div id="main" style="width: 600px;height:400px;"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="layui-footer">
<!-- 底部固定區域 -->
© layui.com - 底部固定區域
</div>
</div>
<script src="/static/lib/layui/layui.js"></script>
<script>
//JavaScript代碼區域
layui.use('element', function () {
var element = layui.element;
});
var myChart = echarts.init(document.getElementById('main'));
option = {
xAxis: {
type: 'category',
data: ['Mon', 'Tue', 'Wed', 'Thu', 'Fri', 'Sat', 'Sun']
},
yAxis: {
type: 'value'
},
series: [{
data: [150, 230, 224, 218, 135, 147, 260],
type: 'line'
}]
};
myChart.setOption(option);
</script>
</body>
</html>