Linux多用戶共用Anaconda環境

0. 下載 Anaconda3

地址：https://www.anaconda.com/download/
這里我下載的是 Anaconda3-2019.03-Linux-x86_64.sh

1.安裝Anaconda環境

1. 進入root用戶， 安裝Anconda

su root
bash Anaconda3-2019.03-Linux-x86_64.sh

注意下面安裝路徑不要放在默認的 /root/anaconda3 否則其他用戶沒有訪問權限，這里我選擇的是/usr/local/anaconda3

Do you accept the license terms? [yes|no]
Please answer 'yes' or 'no':'
>>> yes
Anaconda3 will now be installed into this location:
/root/anaconda3

  - Press ENTER to confirm the location
  - Press CTRL-C to abort the installation
  - Or specify a different location below

[/root/anaconda3] >>> /usr/local/anaconda3
PREFIX=/usr/local/anaconda3
installing: python-3.7.3-h0371630_0 ...

2.創建anaconda用戶組

groupadd anaconda

3. 添加用戶到用戶組

usermod -a -G anaconda <username>
將一個用戶添加到用戶組中，千萬不能直接用： usermod -G groupA 這樣做會使你離開其他用戶組，僅僅做為 這個用戶組 groupA 的成員。
應該用 加上 -a 選項： usermod -a -G groupA user，-a 代表 append， 也就是 將自己添加到 用戶組groupA 中，而不必離開 其他用戶組。

添加結束通過 vim /etc/group在最后可以查看用戶組和用戶

4. 移交目錄管理權

chgrp -R anaconda /usr/local/anaconda3

5. 設置讀寫權限

chmod 770 -R /usr/local/anaconda3

6. 設置組繼承

chmod g+s /usr/local/anaconda3

7. 設置子目錄組繼承

chmod g+s `find /usr/local/anaconda3/ -type d` 

8. 關閉共享環境的寫入權限

chmod g-w /usr/local/anaconda3/envs

9.root用戶下啟動anaconda環境

source /usr/local/anaconda3/bin/activate

10. 創建共享環境

conda create -n hisense python=3.7

2.配置環境變量

vim /etc/profile
添加：
export PATH=/usr/local/anaconda3/bin:$PATH
source /etc/profile

3.其他用戶激活Anaconda環境

1. 切換用戶

su hisense

2.查看conda環境

[hisense@Master wx]$ conda info --env
WARNING: The conda.compat module is deprecated and will be removed in a future release.
# conda environments:
#
base                  *  /usr/local/anaconda3
hisense                  /usr/local/anaconda3/envs/hisense

3.激活環境

[hisense@Master /]$ /usr/local/anaconda3/bin/conda init bash
WARNING: The conda.compat module is deprecated and will be removed in a future release.
no change     /usr/local/anaconda3/condabin/conda
no change     /usr/local/anaconda3/bin/conda
no change     /usr/local/anaconda3/bin/conda-env
no change     /usr/local/anaconda3/bin/activate
no change     /usr/local/anaconda3/bin/deactivate
no change     /usr/local/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.sh
no change     /usr/local/anaconda3/etc/fish/conf.d/conda.fish
no change     /usr/local/anaconda3/shell/condabin/Conda.psm1
no change     /usr/local/anaconda3/shell/condabin/conda-hook.ps1
no change     /usr/local/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/xonsh/conda.xsh
no change     /usr/local/anaconda3/etc/profile.d/conda.csh
modified      /home/hisense/.bashrc

==> For changes to take effect, close and re-open your current shell. <==

[hisense@Master /]$ source ~/.bashrc
(base) [hisense@Master /]$ conda activate hisense

4.激活成功

(hisense) [hisense@Master /]$ 

參考：

在UBuntu服務器上anaconda創建的虛擬環境如何多用戶共享訪問使用？ - 張興遠的回答 - 知乎
https://www.zhihu.com/question/277053071/answer/946713532

Linux添加用戶（user）到用戶組（group）：
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41282397/article/details/81113014