macOS系統在終端執行Java項目時報錯：this version of the Java Runtime only recognizes class file versions up to 52.0

本文轉載自查看原文 2021-03-01 21:22 1542 Java/ macOS系統

macOS系統在終端執行Java項目時報如下錯：

具體為：

 1 org.openqa.selenium.SessionNotCreatedException: Unable to create a new remote session. 
 2 Please check the server log for more details. 
 3 Original error: An unknown server-side error occurred while processing the command. 
 4 Original error: Cannot verify the signature of '/var/folders/sw/b411gncn4cq2f16rvkst35kc0000gn/T/2021125-26019-1gzi67z.7852/
 5 appium-uiautomator2-server-v4.19.0.apk'. 
 6 Original error: Error: A JNI error has occurred, please check your installation and try again
 7 Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError:  8 com/android/apksigner/ApkSignerTool has been compiled by a more recent version of the Java Runtime (class file version 53.0), 9 this version of the Java Runtime only recognizes class file versions up to 52.0
10     at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
11     at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:763)
12     at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)
13     at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:468)
14     at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$100(URLClassLoader.java:74)
15     at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:369)
16     at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:363)
17     at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
18     at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:362)
19     at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
20     at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:349)
21     at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
22     at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.checkAndLoadMain(LauncherHelper.java:495)

核心的報錯信息為：

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: com/android/apksigner/ApkSignerTool has been compiled by a more recent version of the Java Runtime (class file version 53.0), this version of the Java Runtime only recognizes class file versions up to 52.0

…… 也是各種百度、各種查找原因，最后查看此文得到解決思路：【jar】Java Runtime recognizes class file versions up to 52.0

1、52.0和53.0 是什么意思？

—— 具體版本以及對應的java版本：

49 = Java 5
50 = Java 6
51 = Java 7
52 = Java 8
53 = Java 9
54 = Java 10
55 = Java 11
56 = Java 12
57 = Java 13
58 = Java 14

因此，上述報錯的意思是：使用了Java版本9（53.0）編譯了代碼，而當前的版本是Java8（52.0）

所以，需要降版本，那么，怎么降呢？……

2、繼續往上看第4行的報錯：

Original error: Cannot verify the signature of '/var/folders/sw/b411gncn4cq2f16rvkst35kc0000gn/T/2021125-26019-1gzi67z.7852/appium-uiautomator2-server-v4.19.0.apk'.

—— 即android 的com/android/apksigner/ApkSignerTool進行 appium-uiautomator2-server-v4.16.0.apk 包signer處理時提示版本問題

根據參考文章的提示，

“進入文件/opt/androidsdk/android-sdk-linux/build-tools/，依賴的是 30.0.0-preview 此時安裝的android-sdk的版本是30，通過FQ重新下載了版本29”

我也前往Android SDK目錄查看文件及其路徑，發現我的也是 30.0.0-preview ！所以需要更換低一點的 build-tools ！！！因此，重裝一個低版本的Android SDK。

3、重裝了一個低版本的Android SDK（android-sdk-r23-macosx，原本是r24）之后，又報新的錯：

 1 org.openqa.selenium.SessionNotCreatedException: Unable to create a new remote session. Please check the server log for more details. 
 2 Original error: An unknown server-side error occurred while processing the command. 
 3 Original error: Cannot verify the signature of '/var/folders/sw/b411gncn4cq2f16rvkst35kc0000gn/T/2021126-94555-107z0f9.k27k/
appium-uiautomator2-server-v4.19.0.apk'. 
Original error: Could not find 'apksigner.jar' in 
["/Library/android-sdk-r23-macosx/platform-tools/apksigner.jar",
"/Library/android-sdk-r23-macosx/emulator/apksigner.jar",
"/Library/android-sdk-r23-macosx/cmdline-tools/latest/bin/apksigner.jar",
"/Library/android-sdk-r23-macosx/tools/apksigner.jar",
"/Library/android-sdk-r23-macosx/tools/bin/apksigner.jar",
"/Library/android-sdk-r23-macosx/apksigner.jar",
"/Library/android-sdk-r23-macosx/build-tools/23.0.1/apksigner.jar",
"/Library/android-sdk-r23-macosx/build-tools/23.0.1/lib/apksigner.jar"]. 
Do you have Android Build Tools installed at '/Library/android-sdk-r23-macosx'?
 4 Build info: version: 'unknown', revision: 'unknown', time: 'unknown'
 5 System info: host: 'crgtiOSCI.local', ip: 'fe80:0:0:0:1455:c69a:4de1:af22%en0', os.name: 'Mac OS X', os.arch: 'x86_64', os.version: '10.16', java.version: '1.8.0_201'
 6 Driver info: driver.version: AndroidDriver
 7 remote stacktrace: UnknownError: An unknown server-side error occurred while processing the command. 
Original error: Cannot verify the signature of '/var/folders/sw/b411gncn4cq2f16rvkst35kc0000gn/T/2021126-94555-107z0f9.k27k/
appium-uiautomator2-server-v4.19.0.apk'. 
Original error: Could not find 'apksigner.jar' in 
["/Library/android-sdk-r23-macosx/platform-tools/apksigner.jar",
"/Library/android-sdk-r23-macosx/emulator/apksigner.jar",
"/Library/android-sdk-r23-macosx/cmdline-tools/latest/bin/apksigner.jar",
"/Library/android-sdk-r23-macosx/tools/apksigner.jar",
"/Library/android-sdk-r23-macosx/tools/bin/apksigner.jar",
"/Library/android-sdk-r23-macosx/apksigner.jar",
"/Library/android-sdk-r23-macosx/build-tools/23.0.1/apksigner.jar",
"/Library/android-sdk-r23-macosx/build-tools/23.0.1/lib/apksigner.jar"]. 
Do you have Android Build Tools installed at '/Library/android-sdk-r23-macosx'?
 8     at getResponseForW3CError (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/_appium-base-driver@7.4.1@appium-base-driver/lib/protocol/errors.js:804:9)
 9     at asyncHandler (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/_appium-base-driver@7.4.1@appium-base-driver/lib/protocol/protocol.js:380:37)
10 Build info: version: 'unknown', revision: 'unknown', time: 'unknown'
11 System info: host: 'crgtiOSCI.local', ip: 'fe80:0:0:0:1455:c69a:4de1:af22%en0', os.name: 'Mac OS X', os.arch: 'x86_64', os.version: '10.16', java.version: '1.8.0_201'

——這個問題有搜到是因為AndroidSDK有缺失引起的，於是更新SDK。

更新方法：

到Android SDK目錄下的tools文件夾下（/Library/android-sdk-r23-macosx/tools），

找到 android.exe，雙擊打開可視化界面，選擇項目進行install。（install的時間挺久的……）

更新了之后，build-tools出現了一系列的的版本號？有些里面有'apksigner.jar'，有些沒有。

再次運行還是說：the Java Runtime only recognizes class file versions up to 52.0 這個錯。

它可能會自動匹配到最高的那個的'apksigner.jar'

於是手動刪除：最高的那個30.0.0版本：

4、重新跑，又報新的錯……

org.openqa.selenium.SessionNotCreatedException: Unable to create a new remote session. 
Please check the server log for more details. 
Original error: An unknown server-side error occurred while processing the command. 
Original error: Error executing adbExec. Original error: 'Command '/Library/android-sdk-r23-macosx/platform-tools/adb -P 5037 -s 66J0218C21003454 install -r /var/folders/sw/b411gncn4cq2f16rvkst35kc0000gn/T/2021126-86279-1u3qq29.yylv/appium-uiautomator2-server-v4.19.0.apk' timed out after 20000ms'. Try to increase the 20000ms adb execution timeout represented by 'uiautomator2ServerInstallTimeout' capability
Build info: version: 'unknown', revision: 'unknown', time: 'unknown'
System info: host: 'crgtiOSCI.local', ip: 'fe80:0:0:0:1455:c69a:4de1:af22%en0', os.name: 'Mac OS X', os.arch: 'x86_64', os.version: '10.16', java.version: '1.8.0_201'
Driver info: driver.version: AndroidDriver
remote stacktrace: UnknownError: An unknown server-side error occurred while processing the command. Original error: Error executing adbExec. Original error: 'Command '/Library/android-sdk-r23-macosx/platform-tools/adb -P 5037 -s 66J0218C21003454 install -r /var/folders/sw/b411gncn4cq2f16rvkst35kc0000gn/T/2021126-86279-1u3qq29.yylv/appium-uiautomator2-server-v4.19.0.apk' timed out after 20000ms'. Try to increase the 20000ms adb execution timeout represented by 'uiautomator2ServerInstallTimeout' capability
    at getResponseForW3CError (/usr/local/lib/node_modules/appium/node_modules/_appium-base-driver@7.4.1@appium-base-driver/lib/protocol/errors.js:804:9)