python讀取excel數據並且畫圖

一，要讀取的數據的格式：

二，數據讀取部分：

b站視頻參考：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV14C4y1W7Nj?t=148

# 1930
workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1930.xlsx')
sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
A1=[]
B1=[]
# sheet.cell_value(i,0):第i行的第0個元素
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
    A1.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
    B1.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))

if len(A1)!=len(B1):
    print("False")
drawBar(A1,B1,1930)

三，畫圖函數

1. def drawBar(Music_genre,singer_num,year)

參數介紹

參數名	參數含義
Music_genre	音樂流派名稱list
singer_num	音樂流派對應音樂家數量list
year	讀的文件的年份(因為源代碼是從1840到2020的)

def drawBar(Music_genre,singer_num,year):
    arr_len=len(Music_genre)
    # 由循環得到一個字典，key是音樂流派，value是這個音樂流派對應的音樂家的數量
    i=0
    dict_music_singer={}
    while i<arr_len:
        dict_music_singer[Music_genre[i]]=singer_num[i]
        i=i+1
        
	# 注釋1
    pyplot.bar(x=0, bottom=range(arr_len), height=0.3, width=singer_num, orientation="horizontal")
    # 注釋2
    pyplot.yticks(range(arr_len),Music_genre)
    # 加title，展示圖像
    pyplot.title(year)
    pyplot.show()
    
    ...
    ...
    drawBar(A1,B1,1930)

注釋1：

"""
    水平條形圖，需要修改以下屬性
    orientation="horizontal"
"""
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
 
# 數據
N = 5
x = [20, 10, 30, 25, 15]
y = [0,1,2,3,4]

# 繪圖 x= 起始位置， bottom= 水平條的底部(左側), y軸， height 水平條的寬度， width 水平條的長度
p1 = plt.bar(x=0, bottom=y, height=0.5, width=x, orientation="horizontal")
pyplot.bar(range(arr_len),singer_num,align='center')
pyplot.bar(x=0, bottom=range(arr_len), height=0.5, width=singer_num, orientation="horizontal")
# 展示圖形
plt.show()

注釋2：plt.xticks的第一個參數和plt.plot的第一個參數一樣，第二個參數是和第一個參數相同長度的list此例中用來代替橫坐標

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x = [1, 2, 3, 4]
y = [1, 4, 9, 6]
labels = ['Frogs', 'Hogs', 'Bogs', 'Slogs']

plt.plot(x, y)
# You can specify a rotation for the tick labels in degrees or with keywords.
plt.xticks(x, labels, rotation='vertical')
# Pad margins so that markers don't get clipped by the axes
plt.margins(0.2)
# Tweak spacing to prevent clipping of tick-labels
plt.subplots_adjust(bottom=0.15)
plt.show()

1.1 效果：

1.2 完整代碼

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np  
import xlrd
from matplotlib import pyplot
def drawBar(Music_genre,singer_num,year):
    arr_len=len(Music_genre)
    
    i=0
    dict_music_singer={}
    while i<arr_len:
        dict_music_singer[Music_genre[i]]=singer_num[i]
        i=i+1
    #pyplot.bar(range(arr_len),singer_num,align='center')
    pyplot.bar(x=0, bottom=range(arr_len), height=0.3, width=singer_num, orientation="horizontal")
    pyplot.yticks(range(arr_len),Music_genre)
    pyplot.title(year)
    pyplot.show()
    
    
# 1930
workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1930.xlsx')
sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
A1=[]
B1=[]
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
    A1.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
    B1.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))

if len(A1)!=len(B1):
    print("False")
drawBar(A1,B1,1930)



# 1940
workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1940.xlsx')
sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
A2=[]
B2=[]
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
    A2.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
    B2.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))

if len(A2)!=len(B2):
    print("False")
drawBar(A2,B2,1940)



# 
workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1950.xlsx')
sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
A3=[]
B3=[]
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
    A3.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
    B3.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))

if len(A3)!=len(B3):
    print("False")
drawBar(A3,B3,1950)



# 6
workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1960.xlsx')
sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
A4=[]
B4=[]
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
    A4.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
    B4.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))

if len(A4)!=len(B4):
    print("False")
drawBar(A4,B4,1960)




# 
workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1970.xlsx')
sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
A5=[]
B5=[]
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
    A5.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
    B5.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))

if len(A5)!=len(B5):
    print("False")
drawBar(A5,B5,1970)




# 
workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1980.xlsx')
sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
A6=[]
B6=[]
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
    A6.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
    B6.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))

if len(A6)!=len(B6):
    print("False")
drawBar(A6,B6,1980)




# 9
workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1990.xlsx')
sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
A7=[]
B7=[]
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
    A7.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
    B7.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))

if len(A7)!=len(B7):
    print("False")
drawBar(A7,B7,1990)




# 2000
workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('2000.xlsx')
sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
A8=[]
B8=[]
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
    A8.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
    B8.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))

if len(A8)!=len(B8):
    print("False")
drawBar(A8,B8,2000)




# 
workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('2010.xlsx')
sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
A9=[]
B9=[]
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
    A9.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
    B9.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))

if len(A9)!=len(B9):
    print("False")
drawBar(A9,B9,2010)




# # 
# workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('2020.xlsx')
# sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
# A2=[]
# B2=[]
# for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
#     A2.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
#     B2.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))

# if len(A2)!=len(B2):
#     print("False")
# drawBar(A2,B2,2020)



  
 

2. 使用seaborn作圖

1.1 代碼分析

參數介紹

參數名	參數含義
Music_genre	音樂流派名稱list
singer_num	音樂流派對應音樂家數量list
year	讀的文件的年份(因為源代碼是從1840到2020的)

數據讀取

# 1930數據的讀取
workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1930.xlsx')
sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
A1=[]
B1=[]
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
    A1.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
    B1.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))

函數的定義與調用：

# 見例1,2
def drawBar(Music_genre,singer_num,year):
    pyplot.figure(dpi=150)
    # y軸放Music_genre對應的list，x軸放singer_num對應的list
    sns.barplot(y=Music_genre, x=singer_num)
    pyplot.title(year)
    

drawBar(A1,B1,'123')

例1：

import xlrd
from matplotlib import pyplot
import seaborn as sns
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
%matplotlib inline

# 顯示正負號與中文不顯示問題
pyplot.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False
sns.set_style('darkgrid', {'font.sans-serif':['SimHei', 'Arial']})

# 去除部分warning
import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')


plt.figure(dpi=150)
a = ['金融','農業','制造業','新能源']
b = [164, 86, 126, 53]
sns.barplot(a,b)

例2：

import xlrd
from matplotlib import pyplot
import seaborn as sns
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
%matplotlib inline

# 顯示正負號與中文不顯示問題
pyplot.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False
sns.set_style('darkgrid', {'font.sans-serif':['SimHei', 'Arial']})

# 去除部分warning
import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')


plt.figure(dpi=150)
a = ['金融','農業','制造業','新能源']
b = [164, 86, 126, 53]
sns.barplot(y=a, x=b)

1.2 執行效果

1.3 完整代碼

import xlrd
from matplotlib import pyplot
import seaborn as sns
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
%matplotlib inline

# 顯示正負號與中文不顯示問題
pyplot.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False
sns.set_style('darkgrid', {'font.sans-serif':['SimHei', 'Arial']})

# 去除部分warning
import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')

    
# 1930數據的讀取
workbook=xlrd.open_workbook('1930.xlsx')
sheet= workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
A1=[]
B1=[]
for i in range(1,sheet.nrows):
    A1.append(sheet.cell_value(i,0))
    B1.append(sheet.cell_value(i,1))
    

#
def drawBar(Music_genre,singer_num,year):
    pyplot.figure(dpi=150)
    sns.barplot(y=Music_genre, x=singer_num)
    pyplot.title(year)
    

drawBar(A1,B1,'123')

四，總結

有一說一確實seaborn會簡單很多，畫的圖還好看

五，代碼使用到的數據

鏈接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1NfrF7fvwL4S2iLJgcGphPA
提取碼：8vtl
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