SSM整合【狂神說】

1.環境要求

• IDEA

• MySQL 5.7

• Tomcat 9

• Maven 3.6

  要求：

• 需要熟練掌握MySQL數據庫，Spring，Java Web及Mybatis知識，簡單的前端知識。

2.數據庫環境

創建一個存放書籍數據的數據庫表

CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;
 
USE `ssmbuild`;
 
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;
 
CREATE TABLE `books` (
  `bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '書id',
  `bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '書名',
  `bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '數量',
  `detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
  KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
 
INSERT  INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES 
(1,'Java',10,'從入門到放棄'),
(2,'MySQL',6,'從刪庫到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'從入門到進牢');

3.基本環境搭建

1、新建一Maven項目！ssmbuild ， 添加web的支持！

2、導入相關的pom依賴！

<!--依賴：junit，數據庫驅動，連接池，servlet，jsp，Mybatis，Mybatis-Spring，Spring-->
<dependencies>
    <!--junit-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--數據庫驅動-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.48</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--c3p0-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
        <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
        <version>0.9.5.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--servlet jsp jstl-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
        <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--Mybatis-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        <version>3.5.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--Mybatis和Spring整合包-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--Spring-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>5.2.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>5.2.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

3.Maven靜態資源導出設置

<build>
    <resources>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>false</filtering>
        </resource>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/java</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>false</filtering>
        </resource>
    </resources>
</build>

4、建立項目基本結構和配置框架！

• com.tian.pojo

• com.tian.dao

• com.tian.service

• com.tian.controller

• mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
 
</configuration>

• applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
 
</beans>

4.Mybatis層編寫

1.數據庫配置文【database.properties】

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
# 如果使用的是MySQL8.0+,需要增加一個時區配置 &serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root

2、IDEA關聯數據庫

3、編寫MyBatis的核心配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

    <!--配置數據源,交給Spring去做-->

    <!--開啟日志-->
    <settings>
        <setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J"/>
    </settings>

    <!--配置別名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.tian.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>

    <mappers>
        <mapper class="com.tian.dao.BookMapper"/>
    </mappers>

</configuration>

4、編寫數據庫對應的實體類 com.tian.Books

使用lombok插件！

package com.tian.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Books {
    private int bookID;
    private String bookName;
    private int bookCounts;
    private String detail;
}

5、編寫Dao層的 Mapper接口！

package com.tian.dao;

import com.tian.pojo.Books;

import java.util.List;

public interface BookMapper {
    //增加一個Book
    int addBook(Books book);

    //根據id刪除一個Book
    int deleteBookById(int id);

    //更新Book
    int updateBook(Books books);

    //根據id查詢,返回一個Book
    Books queryBookById(int id);

    //查詢全部Book,返回list集合
    List<Books> queryAllBook();
}

6、編寫接口對應的 Mapper.xml 文件。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.tian.dao.BookMapper">
    <!--增加一個Book-->
    <insert id="addBook" parameterType="books">
        insert into ssmbuild.books (bookName, bookCounts, detail) values (#{bookName},#{bookCounts},#{detail})
    </insert>
    <!--根據id刪除一個Book-->
    <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
        delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID=#{bookID}
    </delete>
    <!--更新Book-->
    <update id="updateBook" parameterType="books">
        update ssmbuild.books set bookName = #{bookName},bookCounts = #{bookCounts},detail = #{detail}
        where bookID = #{bookID}
    </update>
    <!--根據id查詢,返回一個Book-->
    <select id="queryBookById" parameterType="int" resultType="books">
        select * from ssmbuild.books where bookID=#{bookID}
    </select>
    <!--查詢全部Book,返回list集合-->
    <select id="queryAllBook" resultType="books">
        select * from ssmbuild.books
    </select>
</mapper>

7、編寫Service層的接口和實現類

接口：

//BookService:底下需要去實現,調用dao層
public interface BookService {
    //增加一個Book
    int addBook(Books book);

    //根據id刪除一個Book
    int deleteBookById(@Param("bookID") int id);

    //更新Book
    int updateBook(Books books);

    //根據id查詢,返回一個Book
    Books queryBookById(@Param("bookID") int id);

    //查詢全部Book,返回list集合
    List<Books> queryAllBook();
}

實現類：

public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{

    //調用dao層的操作，設置一個set接口，方便Spring管理
    private BookMapper bookMapper;

    public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
        this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
    }

    @Override
    public int addBook(Books book) {
        return bookMapper.addBook(book);
    }

    @Override
    public int deleteBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public int updateBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
    }

    @Override
    public Books queryBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
        return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
    }
}

OK，到此，底層需求操作編寫完畢！

5.Spring層

1、配置Spring整合MyBatis，我們這里數據源使用c3p0連接池；

2、我們去編寫Spring整合Mybatis的相關的配置文件；spring-dao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--整合Mybatis-->
    <!-- 1.關聯數據庫配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>

    <!-- 2.數據庫連接池-->
    <!--數據庫連接池
        dbcp  半自動化操作  不能自動連接
        c3p0  自動化操作（自動的加載配置文件 並且設置到對象里面）
    -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <!--配置連接池屬性-->
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>

        <!--c3p0連接池私有屬性-->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
        <!-- 關閉連接后不自動commit -->
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
        <!-- 獲取連接超時時間 -->
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
        <!-- 當獲取連接失敗重試次數 -->
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory對象-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!--注入數據庫連接池-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!-- 配置Mybatis全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml -->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 4.配置掃描Dao接口包,動態實現Dao接口注入到spring容器中-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!--注入SqlSessionFactory-->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!--指定需要掃描的Dao接口包-->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.tian.dao"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

3、Spring整合service層

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--掃描service包下相關的bean-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.tian.service"/>

    <!--將所有業務類注入到spring容器托管,可以通過配置或者注解實現-->
    <bean id="bookService" class="com.tian.service.BookServiceImpl">
        <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
    </bean>

    <!--配置事務管理器-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!-- 注入數據庫連接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

Spring層搞定！再次理解一下，Spring就是一個大雜燴，一個容器！對吧！

6.SpringMVC層

1.web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <!--配置DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <!--一定要注意:我們這里加載的是總的配置文件，這里有坑！-->
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!--EncodingFilter-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!--Session過期時間-->
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
    </session-config>
</web-app>

2.spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--配置SpringMVC-->
    <!-- 1.開啟SpringMVC注解驅動-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!-- 2.靜態資源過濾-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <!-- 3.配置視圖解析器-->
    <bean id="internalResourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--前綴-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <!--后綴-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 4.掃描controller包下相關的bean-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.tian.controller"/>
</beans>

3、Spring配置整合文件，applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <import resource="classpath:spring-dao.xml"/>
    <import resource="classpath:spring-service.xml"/>
    <import resource="classpath:spring-mvc.xml"/>
</beans>

到此，配置文件結束！

7.Controller和視圖層編寫

1.BookController類編寫 方法一：查詢全部書籍

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {

    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("bookServiceImpl")
    private BookService bookService;

    //方法一:查詢全部書籍
    @RequestMapping("/allBook")
    public String list(Model model){
        List<Books> books = bookService.queryAllBook();
        model.addAttribute("list",books);
        return "allBook";
    }
}

2、編寫首頁 index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>首頁</title>
        <style type="text/css">
            a {
                text-decoration: none;
                color: black;
                font-size: 18px;
            }
            h3 {
                width: 180px;
                height: 38px;
                margin: 100px auto;
                text-align: center;
                line-height: 38px;
                background: deepskyblue;
                border-radius: 4px;
            }
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>

        <h3>
            <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">點擊進入列表頁</a>
        </h3>
    </body>
</html>

3、書籍列表頁面 allbook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>書籍列表</title>
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
        <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
        <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    </head>
    <body>

        <div class="container">
            <div class="row clearfix">
                <div class="col-md-12 column">
                    <div class="page-header">
                        <h1>
                            <small>書籍列表 —— 顯示所有書籍</small>
                        </h1>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="row">
                <div class="col-md-4 column">
                    <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="row clearfix">
                <div class="col-md-12 column">
                    <table class="table table-hover table-striped">
                        <thead>
                            <tr>
                                <th>書籍編號</th>
                                <th>書籍名字</th>
                                <th>書籍數量</th>
                                <th>書籍詳情</th>
                                <th>操作</th>
                            </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody>
                            <c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('list')}">
                                <tr>
                                    <td>${book.getBookID()}</td>
                                    <td>${book.getBookName()}</td>
                                    <td>${book.getBookCounts()}</td>
                                    <td>${book.getDetail()}</td>
                                    <td>
                                        <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookID()}">更改</a> |
                                        <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}">刪除</a>
                                    </td>
                                </tr>
                            </c:forEach>
                        </tbody>
                    </table>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>

BookController 類編寫 方法二：添加書籍

@RequestMapping("/toaddBook")
public String toAddPaper(){
    return "addBook";
}

//方法二：添加書籍
@RequestMapping("/addBook")
public String addBook(Books book){
    bookService.addBook(book);
    return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}

5、添加書籍頁面：addBook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
 
<html>
<head>
    <title>新增書籍</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>新增書籍</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">
        書籍名稱：<input type="text" name="bookName"><br><br><br>
        書籍數量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts"><br><br><br>
        書籍詳情：<input type="text" name="detail"><br><br><br>
        <input type="submit" value="添加">
    </form>
</div>

6、BookController 類編寫 ， 方法三：修改書籍

//方法三：修改書籍信息
@RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook")
public String toUpdateBook(Model model,int id){
    Books book = bookService.queryBookById(id);
    model.addAttribute("book",book);
    return "updateBook";
}

@RequestMapping("/updateBook")
public String updateBook(Model model,Books book){
    bookService.updateBook(book);
    Books books = bookService.queryBookById(book.getBookID());
    model.addAttribute("books", books);
    return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}

7、修改書籍頁面 updateBook.jsp

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>

<html>
<head>
    <title>修改書籍信息</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <!-- 引入 Bootstrap -->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>修改書籍信息</small>
                </h1>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post">
        <input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${book.bookID}"/>
        書籍名稱：<input type="text" name="bookName" value="${book.bookName}"/><br><br><br>
        書籍數量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts" value="${book.bookCounts}"/><br><br><br>
        書籍詳情：<input type="text" name="detail" value="${book.detail}"/><br><br><br>
        <input type="submit" value="添加">
    </form>
</div>

8、BookController 類編寫 方法四：刪除書籍

//方法四：刪除書籍【使用restFul風格】
@RequestMapping("/del/{bookID}")
public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookID") int id){
    bookService.deleteBookById(id);
    return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}

配置Tomcat，進行運行！

到目前為止，這個SSM項目整合已經完全的OK了，可以直接運行進行測試！這個練習十分的重要，大家需要保證，不看任何東西，自己也可以完整的實現出來！

項目結構圖

8.小結及展望

這個是同學們的第一個SSM整合案例，一定要爛熟於心！

SSM框架的重要程度是不言而喻的，學到這里，大家已經可以進行基本網站的單獨開發。但是這只是增刪改查的基本操作。可以說學到這里，大家才算是真正的步入了后台開發的門。也就是能找一個后台相關工作的底線。

或許很多人，工作就做這些事情，但是對於個人的提高來說，還遠遠不夠！