go語言web開發系列之十六:gin框架中通過gorm使用事務

一，演示項目的相關信息

1,地址：

https://github.com/liuhongdi/digv16

2，功能：以下訂單為例，演示了在gorm中啟用事務

3, 項目結構：如圖:

說明：劉宏締的go森林是一個專注golang的博客，
          地址：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43881017

說明：作者:劉宏締 郵箱: [e-mail]

二，數據庫及sql

1，數據表:

2,建表sql:

1.  
   CREATE TABLE `m_goods` (
2.  
   `goodsId` bigint unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '商品id',
3.  
   `goodsName` varchar(200) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '商品名稱',
4.  
   `stock` int unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '庫存數量',
5.  
   PRIMARY KEY (`goodsId`)
6.  
   ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=0 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci COMMENT='商品表'

1.  
   CREATE TABLE `m_order` (
2.  
   `orderId` bigint unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '訂單id',
3.  
   `userId` bigint unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '用戶id',
4.  
   `salePrice` decimal(10,0) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '訂單金額',
5.  
   PRIMARY KEY (`orderId`),
6.  
   KEY `userId` (`userId`)
7.  
   ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=0 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci COMMENT='訂單表'

1.  
   CREATE TABLE `m_order_goods` (
2.  
   `ogId` bigint unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id',
3.  
   `orderId` bigint unsigned NOT NULL COMMENT '訂單id',
4.  
   `goodsId` bigint unsigned NOT NULL COMMENT '商品id',
5.  
   `buyNum` int unsigned NOT NULL COMMENT '購買數量',
6.  
   PRIMARY KEY (`ogId`),
7.  
   UNIQUE KEY `orderId_2` (`orderId`,`goodsId`)
8.  
   ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci COMMENT='訂單商品表'

3,插入一條演示數據:

1.  
   INSERT INTO `m_goods` (`goodsId`, `goodsName`, `stock`) VALUES
2.  
   ( 1, '施丹蘭蜂蜜牛奶手工皂', 10);

 

三，go代碼說明

1,controller/orderController.go

1.  
   package controller
2.  
    
3.  
   import (
4.  
   "fmt"
5.  
   "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
6.  
   "github.com/liuhongdi/digv16/global"
7.  
   "github.com/liuhongdi/digv16/service"
8.  
   )
9.  
    
10.  
    type OrderController struct{}
11.  
     
12.  
    //result:= global.NewResult(c)
13.  
     
14.  
    func NewOrderController() OrderController {
15.  
    return OrderController{}
16.  
    }
17.  
     
18.  
    //新加一個訂單
19.  
    func (o *OrderController) AddOne(c *gin.Context) {
20.  
    result := global.NewResult(c)
21.  
     
22.  
    goodsId:= 1;
23.  
    buyNum:= 11;
24.  
     
25.  
    orderOne,err := service.AddOneOrder( int64(goodsId),buyNum);
26.  
    if err != nil {
27.  
    result.Error( 404,"數據處理錯誤")
28.  
    } else {
29.  
    result.Success(&orderOne);
30.  
    }
31.  
    return
32.  
    }
33.  
     
34.  
     
35.  
    //新加一個訂單,使用tx
36.  
    func (o *OrderController) AddOneTx(c *gin.Context) {
37.  
    result := global.NewResult(c)
38.  
    goodsId:= 1;
39.  
    buyNum:= 11;
40.  
     
41.  
    orderOne,err := service.AddOneOrderTx( int64(goodsId),buyNum);
42.  
     
43.  
    fmt.Println( "orderOne:");
44.  
    fmt.Println(orderOne);
45.  
    fmt.Println( ":end:");
46.  
    //if ()
47.  
    if (orderOne == nil || err != nil) {
48.  
    result.Error( 20001,"數據處理錯誤")
49.  
    } else {
50.  
    result.Success(&orderOne);
51.  
    }
52.  
    return
53.  
    }

2,service/order.go

1.  
   package service
2.  
    
3.  
   import (
4.  
   "github.com/liuhongdi/digv16/dao"
5.  
   "github.com/liuhongdi/digv16/model"
6.  
   )
7.  
    
8.  
   //新加一個訂單
9.  
   func AddOneOrder(goodsId int64,buyNum int) (*model.Order, error) {
10.  
    return dao.AddOneOrder(goodsId,buyNum)
11.  
    }
12.  
     
13.  
    //新加一個訂單,使用tx
14.  
    func AddOneOrderTx(goodsId int64,buyNum int) (*model.Order, error) {
15.  
    return dao.AddOneOrderTx(goodsId,buyNum)
16.  
    }

3,dao/order.go

1.  
   package dao
2.  
    
3.  
   import (
4.  
   "errors"
5.  
   "fmt"
6.  
   "github.com/liuhongdi/digv16/global"
7.  
   "github.com/liuhongdi/digv16/model"
8.  
   "gorm.io/gorm"
9.  
   )
10.  
     
11.  
    //添加一個訂單
12.  
    func AddOneOrder(goodsId int64,buyNum int) (*model.Order, error) {
13.  
    //添加order
14.  
    order := model.Order{UserId: 1, SalePrice: "20.00"}
15.  
    resultCO := global.DBLink.Create(&order) // 通過數據的指針來創建
16.  
    if (resultCO.Error != nil) {
17.  
    return nil,resultCO.Error
18.  
    }
19.  
    //減庫存
20.  
    result := global.DBLink.Debug().Table( "m_goods").Where("goodsId = ? and stock >= ?", goodsId,buyNum).Update("stock", gorm.Expr("stock - ?", buyNum))
21.  
    if (result.Error != nil) {
22.  
    return nil,result.Error
23.  
    }
24.  
    if (result.RowsAffected <= 0){
25.  
    return nil,errors.New("減庫存失敗")
26.  
    }
27.  
    //添加訂單商品
28.  
    orderId := order.OrderId;
29.  
    orderGoods := model.OrderGoods{OrderId:orderId,GoodsId:goodsId,BuyNum:buyNum}
30.  
    resultCOG := global.DBLink.Create(&orderGoods) // 通過數據的指針來創建
31.  
    if (resultCOG.Error != nil) {
32.  
    return nil,resultCOG.Error
33.  
    }
34.  
    //return
35.  
    return &order,nil
36.  
    }
37.  
     
38.  
     
39.  
    //添加一個訂單
40.  
    func AddOneOrderTx(goodsId int64,buyNum int) (*model.Order, error) {
41.  
    // 事務開始后，需要使用 tx 處理數據
42.  
    tx := global.DBLink.Begin()
43.  
     
44.  
    defer func() {
45.  
    if r := recover(); r != nil {
46.  
    fmt.Println( "this is in defer recover")
47.  
    tx.Rollback()
48.  
    }
49.  
    }()
50.  
     
51.  
    if err := tx.Error; err != nil {
52.  
    return nil,err
53.  
    }
54.  
     
55.  
    //添加order
56.  
    order := model.Order{UserId: 1, SalePrice: "20.00"}
57.  
    resultCO := tx.Debug().Create(&order) // 通過數據的指針來創建
58.  
    if (resultCO.Error != nil) {
59.  
    tx.Rollback()
60.  
    return nil,resultCO.Error
61.  
    }
62.  
     
63.  
    /*
64.  
    var z int = 0
65.  
    var i int = 100 / z
66.  
    fmt.Println("i:%i",i)
67.  
    */
68.  
    //減庫存
69.  
    result := tx.Debug().Table( "m_goods").Where("goodsId = ? and stock >= ?", goodsId,buyNum).Update("stock", gorm.Expr("stock - ?", buyNum))
70.  
    if (result.Error != nil) {
71.  
    tx.Rollback()
72.  
    return nil,result.Error
73.  
    }
74.  
    if (result.RowsAffected <= 0){
75.  
    tx.Rollback()
76.  
    fmt.Println( "減庫存失敗")
77.  
    return nil,errors.New("減庫存失敗")
78.  
    }
79.  
    //添加訂單商品
80.  
    orderId := order.OrderId;
81.  
    orderGoods := model.OrderGoods{OrderId:orderId,GoodsId:goodsId,BuyNum:buyNum}
82.  
    resultCOG := tx.Debug().Create(&orderGoods) // 通過數據的指針來創建
83.  
    if (resultCOG.Error != nil) {
84.  
    tx.Rollback()
85.  
    return nil,resultCOG.Error
86.  
    }
87.  
    //commit
88.  
    fmt.Println( "begin commit")
89.  
    errCM := tx.Commit().Error
90.  
    if (errCM != nil) {
91.  
    fmt.Println( "begin return1")
92.  
    tx.Rollback()
93.  
    return nil,errCM
94.  
    } else {
95.  
    fmt.Println( "begin return2")
96.  
    return &order,nil
97.  
    }
98.  
    }

4,model/goods.go

1.  
   package model
2.  
    
3.  
   type Goods struct {
4.  
   GoodsId int64 `gorm:"column:goodsId",json:"goodsId"` // 自增
5.  
   GoodsName string `gorm:"column:goodsName",json:"goodsName"` // 用戶id
6.  
   Stock int `gorm:"column:stock",json:"stock"` // 售價
7.  
   }
8.  
    
9.  
   func (Goods) TableName() string {
10.  
    return "m_goods"
11.  
    }

5,model/order.go

1.  
   package model
2.  
    
3.  
   type Order struct {
4.  
   OrderId int64 `gorm:"primaryKey;autoIncrement;column:orderId",json:"orderid"` // 自增
5.  
   UserId int64 `gorm:"column:userId",json:"userid"` // 用戶id
6.  
   SalePrice string `gorm:"column:salePrice",json:"saleprice"` // 售價
7.  
   }
8.  
    
9.  
   func (Order) TableName() string {
10.  
    return "m_order"
11.  
    }

6,router/router.go

1.  
   package router
2.  
    
3.  
   import (
4.  
   "github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
5.  
   "github.com/liuhongdi/digv16/controller"
6.  
   "github.com/liuhongdi/digv16/global"
7.  
   "log"
8.  
   "runtime/debug"
9.  
   )
10.  
     
11.  
    func Router() *gin.Engine {
12.  
    router := gin.Default()
13.  
    //處理異常
14.  
    router.NoRoute(HandleNotFound)
15.  
    router.NoMethod(HandleNotFound)
16.  
    router.Use(Recover)
17.  
     
18.  
    // 路徑映射
19.  
    goodsc:=controller.NewGoodsController()
20.  
    router.GET( "/goods/getone/:id", goodsc.GetOne);
21.  
    //router.GET("/article/list", articlec.GetList);
22.  
     
23.  
    orderc:=controller.NewOrderController()
24.  
    router.GET( "/order/addone", orderc.AddOne);
25.  
    router.GET( "/order/addonetx", orderc.AddOneTx);
26.  
     
27.  
    return router
28.  
    }
29.  
     
30.  
    func HandleNotFound(c *gin.Context) {
31.  
    global.NewResult(c).Error( 404,"資源未找到")
32.  
    return
33.  
    }
34.  
     
35.  
    func Recover(c *gin.Context) {
36.  
    defer func() {
37.  
    if r := recover(); r != nil {
38.  
    //打印錯誤堆棧信息
39.  
    log.Printf( "panic: %v\n", r)
40.  
    debug.PrintStack()
41.  
    global.NewResult(c).Error( 500,"服務器內部錯誤")
42.  
    }
43.  
    }()
44.  
    //加載完 defer recover，繼續后續接口調用
45.  
    c.Next()
46.  
    }

7,其他相關代碼可訪問github查看

 

四，測試效果

1,測試除0錯:

訪問:

http://127.0.0.1:8080/order/addonetx

   返回:

2,測試扣減庫存出錯

把dao/order.go中，

AddOneOrderTx方法中的除0錯代碼注釋掉

1.  
   /*
2.  
   var z int = 0
3.  
   var i int = 100 / z
4.  
   fmt.Println("i:%i",i)
5.  
   */

再次執行:訪問:

http://127.0.0.1:8080/order/addonetx

可以從控制台看到輸出的提示:

1.  
   2021/01/13 13:32:25 /data/liuhongdi/digv16/dao/order.go:69
2.  
   [2.219ms] [rows:0] UPDATE `m_goods` SET `stock`=stock - 11 WHERE goodsId = 1 and stock >= 11
3.  
   減庫存失敗

 

3，測試正常執行事務成功

把controller/orderController.go中，

AddOneTx方法，把buyNum的值改為9

buyNum:=9

再次執行:

http://127.0.0.1:8080/order/addonetx

返回:

事務執行已成功

 

五，使用的庫的版本:

1.  
   module github.com/liuhongdi/digv16
2.  
    
3.  
   go 1.15
4.  
    
5.  
   require (
6.  
   github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.6.3
7.  
   github.com/jinzhu/gorm v1.9.16 // indirect
8.  
   gorm.io/driver/mysql v1.0.1
9.  
   gorm.io/gorm v1.20.6
10.  
    )