Spring Data Jpa依賴和配置

本文轉載自查看原文 2021-01-18 20:08 778 java/ Spring/ Spring Data Jpa

1、依賴

    <properties>
        <spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <hibernate.version>5.0.7.Final</hibernate.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
        <c3p0.version>0.9.1.2</c3p0.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- junit單元測試 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring beg -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.4</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--是spring對orm相關支持的包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring end -->

        <!-- hibernate beg -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
            <version>5.4.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- hibernate end -->

        <!-- c3p0 beg -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>${c3p0.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- c3p0 end -->

        <!-- log end -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- log end -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--springdatajpa的坐標-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- el beg 使用spring data jpa 必須引入 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.el</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.4</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.el</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- el end -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.12</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

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2、配置

1.配置數據庫連接池
2.配置entityManageFactory對象交給Spring容器管理
- 1）配置實體類包掃描
- 2）配置JPA的實現廠家
- 3）配置JPA的供應適配器（指定數據庫）
3.設置JPA事務管理器
4.整合Spring Data JPA，指定dao接口的包名稱，聲明要對此包下的dao接口進行動態代理
5.AOP事務管理
6.配置spring包掃描

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
       xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd">

    <!--spring和spring data jpa的配置-->
    <!--配置包掃描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.linyh"/>
    <!--1.配置數據庫連接池-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring data jpa?useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf-8"/>
        <property name="user" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="123456"/>
    </bean>

    <!--2.配置entityManageFactory對象交給spring容器管理  指定實體類所在的包名稱-->
    <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!--i 配置的是掃描的包（實體類所在的包）-->
        <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.linyh.entity"/>
        <!--ii 配置Jpa的實現廠家-->
        <property name="persistenceProvider">
            <bean class="org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider"/>
        </property>
        <!--iii 配置JPA的供應商適配器-->
        <property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
                <!--配置是否自動創建數據庫表-->
                <property name="generateDdl" value="true"/>
                <!--指定數據庫類型，注意全部是大寫-->
                <property name="database" value="MYSQL"/>
                <!--數據庫方言：支持的特有語法（每個數據庫都有細微的差別）-->
                <property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect"/>
                <property name="showSql" value="true"/>
            </bean>
        </property>
        <!--配置Jpa的方言：高級的特性，不同的實現廠商有各自的特性，比如Hibernate-->
        <property name="jpaDialect">
            <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect"/>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 3.JPA事務管理器  -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
        <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
    </bean>
    <!--4.整合Spring Data Jpa   指定dao接口的包名稱 聲明要對此包下的dao接口進行動態代理增強，生成simpleJpaRepository代理類-->
    <jpa:repositories base-package="com.linyh.dao" transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager"
                      entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"/>

    <!--5.txAdvice-->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

    <!-- 6.aop-->
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut id="pointcut" expression="execution(* com.linyh.service.*.*(..))"/>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pointcut"/>
    </aop:config>
</beans>

3、實體類

1.配置實體類與表的映射關系（此pojo與數據庫中的那一張表關系映射）
- @Entiy
- @Table(name="數據庫表的名稱")
2.實體類中屬性與表中字段的映射關系
- @Id("name")數據庫中的主鍵字段名
- @GeneratedValue(value)
  - strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY:自增 Mysql（底層數據庫支持的自增長方式對id自增）
  - strategy=GenerationType.SEQUENCE：序列 Oracle（底層數據庫必須支持序列）
  - strategy=GenerationType.TABLE：jpa提供的一種機制，通過一張數據庫表的形式幫助我們完成自增
  - strategy=GenerationType.AUTO:有程序自動的幫助我們選擇主鍵生成策略
- @Column（name="value"）數據庫中表的字段名注意：默認@Column()配置是可以省略的，遵從駝峰式命名，也就是遇到大寫字母會轉成 ‘_’ ，但是如果配置下面的代碼就不能省略了，屬於無修改命名。比如數據庫中字段名是：user_name, 則對應實體類中寫成 userName

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import javax.persistence.*;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Entity
@Table(name = "cst_customer")
public class Customer {
    /**
     * @ Id聲明主鍵的設置
     * @ GeneratedValue配置主鍵是生成策略（自動增長）
     *              GenerationType.IDENTITY
     * @ Column(name = "cust_id")數據庫中表中字段的名字
     */
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    @Column(name = "cust_id")
    private Long custId;
    @Column(name = "cust_name")
    private String custName;
    @Column(name = "cust_source")
    private String custSource;
    @Column(name = "cust_industry")
    private String custIndustry;
    @Column(name = "cust_level")
    private String custLevel;
    @Column(name = "cust_address")
    private String custAddress;
    @Column(name = "cust_phone")
    private String custPhone;
}

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