高可用K8S構建3master+3node+keepalived+haproxy

視頻地址：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1w4411y7Go?p=66

所需安裝包在視頻評論區

 

 

12、高可用的K8S集群構建

 

 

安裝准備

 

系統：

CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1810.iso

 

虛擬機配置：

 

網絡：

虛擬機網絡使用本地網卡共享到VMnet1，虛擬機使用VMnet1。

網卡配置

 VMnet1配置：

vmware網絡配置： 

關閉DHCP，網段改為192.168.66.0

 

安裝過程略過，最小化安裝，全部默認，設置root密碼。

 

 

12.1 系統初始化

 

 

設置系統主機名以及 Host 文件的相互解析，其他機器同理

hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master01

 

echo "192.168.66.10 k8s-master01

192.168.66.11 k8s-master02
192.168.66.12 k8s-master03
192.168.66.20 k8s-node01
192.168.66.21 k8s-node02
192.168.66.22 k8s-node03
192.168.66.100 k8s-harbor" >> /etc/hosts

 

vi /etc/selinux/config

SELINUX=disabled

 

安裝依賴包

yum -y install yum-utils

yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

yum install -y conntrack ntpdate ntp ipvsadm ipset jq iptables curl sysstat libseccomp wget vim net-tools git 

 

設置防火牆為 Iptables 並設置空規則
systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld

yum -y install iptables-services && systemctl start iptables && systemctl enable iptables && iptables -F && service iptables save

 

關閉 SELINUX
swapoff -a && sed -i '/ swap / s/^\(.*\)$/#\1/g' /etc/fstab
setenforce 0 && sed -i 's/^SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config

 

調整內核參數,對於 K8S
cat > kubernetes.conf <<EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle=0
vm.swappiness=0 # 禁止使用 swap 空間,只有當系統 OOM 時才允許使用它
vm.overcommit_memory=1 # 不檢查物理內存是否夠用
vm.panic_on_oom=0 # 開啟 OOM
fs.inotify.max_user_instances=8192
fs.inotify.max_user_watches=1048576
fs.file-max=52706963
fs.nr_open=52706963
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1
net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max=2310720
EOF

cp kubernetes.conf /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf

sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf

調整系統時區
# 設置系統時區為 中國/上海
timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai

# 將當前的 UTC 時間寫入硬件時鍾
timedatectl set-local-rtc 0

# 重啟依賴於系統時間的服務
systemctl restart rsyslog
systemctl restart crond

關閉系統不需要服務
systemctl stop postfix && systemctl disable postfix

設置 rsyslogd 和 systemd journald
mkdir /var/log/journal # 持久化保存日志的目錄
mkdir /etc/systemd/journald.conf.d
cat > /etc/systemd/journald.conf.d/99-prophet.conf <<EOF
[Journal]
# 持久化保存到磁盤
Storage=persistent
# 壓縮歷史日志
Compress=yes
SyncIntervalSec=5m
RateLimitInterval=30s
RateLimitBurst=1000
# 最大占用空間 10G
SystemMaxUse=10G
# 單日志文件最大 200M
SystemMaxFileSize=200M
# 日志保存時間 2 周
MaxRetentionSec=2week
# 不將日志轉發到 syslog
ForwardToSyslog=no
EOF

systemctl restart systemd-journald

 

升級系統內核為 4.44
CentOS 7.x 系統自帶的 3.10.x 內核存在一些 Bugs,導致運行的 Docker、Kubernetes 不穩定,例如:

rpm -Uvh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-3.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm

# 安裝完成后檢查 /boot/grub2/grub.cfg 中對應內核 menuentry 中是否包含 initrd16 配置,如果沒有,再安裝
一次!
yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install -y kernel-lt

# 設置開機從新內核啟動
grub2-set-default "CentOS Linux (4.4.248-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)"

CentOS Linux (4.4.248-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)

# 重啟后安裝內核源文件
yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install kernel-lt-devel-$(uname -r) kernel-lt-headers-$(uname -r)

關閉 NUMA
cp /etc/default/grub{,.bak}
vim /etc/default/grub # 在 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX 一行添加 `numa=off` 參數,如下所示:
diff /etc/default/grub.bak /etc/default/grub

< GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="crashkernel=auto rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rhgb quiet"

cp /boot/grub2/grub.cfg{,.bak}
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg

 

------------------------------

 

12.2 Kubeadm 部署安裝

 

所有節點

kube-proxy開啟ipvs的前置條件
modprobe br_netfilter
cat > /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
modprobe -- ip_vs
modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
modprobe -- nf_conntrack_ipv4
EOF

 

chmod 755 /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && lsmod | grep -e ip_vs -e nf_conntrack_ipv4

 

yum-config-manager \
--add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

安裝 Docker 軟件
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

yum update -y && yum install -y docker-ce

 

reboot 

 

grub2-set-default "CentOS Linux (4.4.248-1.el7.elrepo.x86_64) 7 (Core)"

 

reboot

## 創建 /etc/docker 目錄
mkdir /etc/docker

 

# 配置 daemon.
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF
{
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
"log-driver": "json-file",
"log-opts": {
"max-size": "100m"
}
}
EOF
mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d
# 重啟docker服務
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl restart docker && systemctl enable docker

 

master1:
在主節點啟動 Haproxy 與 Keepalived 容器
導入腳本 > 運行 > 查看可用節點

mkdir -p /usr/local/kubernetes/install
cd !$

yum install lrzsz -y

導入

haproxy.tar

keepalived.tar

kubeadm-basic.images.tar.gz

load-images.sh

start.keep.tar.gz

 

tar zxvf kubeadm-basic.images.tar.gz

cat load-images.sh 

#!/bin/bash
cd /usr/local/kubernetes/install/kubeadm-basic.images
ls /usr/local/kubernetes/install/kubeadm-basic.images | grep -v load-images.sh > /tmp/k8s-images.txt
for i in $( cat /tmp/k8s-images.txt )
do
docker load -i $i
done
rm -rf /tmp/k8s-images.txt

 

chmod a+x load-images.sh 

./load-images.sh

docker load -i haproxy.tar

docker load -i keepalived.tar

tar zxvf start.keep.tar.gz

 

修改haproxy配置文件

vim data/lb/etc/haproxy.cfg

 

確保先負載到第一個上，就先填寫一個IP ，之后再加全

vim data/lb/start-haproxy.sh

 

vim data/lb/start-keepalived.sh

 

cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF

yum -y install kubeadm-1.15.1 kubectl-1.15.1 kubelet-1.15.1

systemctl enable kubelet.service

 

初始化主節點

mkdir images
mv * images/

cd images

kubeadm config print init-defaults > kubeadm-config.yaml

vim kubeadm-config.yaml

 

 

 

在master02 03創建目錄

mkdir -p /usr/local/kubernetes/install/images

 

然后master01:

scp -r * root@k8s-master02:/usr/local/kubernetes/install/images

scp -r * root@k8s-master03:/usr/local/kubernetes/install/images

 

master01:

mv data/ /
cd /data/lb
ls

./start-haproxy.sh

netstat -antlup | grep 6444

./start-keepalived.sh

ip addr show

 

kubeadm init --config=kubeadm-config.yaml --experimental-upload-certs | tee kubeadm-init.log

 

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube

sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

  

cat ~/.kube/config

可以這這里看到IP信息

  

kubectl get node

 

master02 03 

cd /usr/local/kubernetes/install/images

 

docker load -i haproxy.tar

docker load -i keepalived.tar

 

cat load-images.sh
#!/bin/bash

cd /usr/local/kubernetes/install/images/kubeadm-basic.images

ls /usr/local/kubernetes/install/images/kubeadm-basic.images | grep -v load-images.sh > /tmp/k8s-images.txt

for i in $( cat /tmp/k8s-images.txt )
do
docker load -i $i
done

rm -rf /tmp/k8s-images.txt

 

chmod a+x load-images.sh 
./load-images.sh

 

mv data/ /

cd /data/lb/

 

./start-haproxy.sh

netstat -antlup | grep 6444

./start-keepalived.sh

 

cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo

[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
yum -y install kubeadm-1.15.1 kubectl-1.15.1 kubelet-1.15.1
systemctl enable kubelet.service

 

初始化主節點

cd /usr/local/kubernetes/install/images

 

vim kubeadm-config.yaml

 

加入節點

 

kubeadm join 192.168.66.100:6444 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:824dd354a9785a0ca2c624ffcee1cea77b4931dbf82a123d4a5d32bffd6f4cf4 \
--control-plane --certificate-key 9d6240640a9164e5161cededde0527e94ecdc8044c0c45b5565bf2662ac7120a

 

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube

sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

kubectl get node

 

master03加入后：

 

kubectl get pod -n kube-system

 

狀態都還是notready 修改haproxy

vim /data/lb/etc/haproxy.cfg

 

docker ps

 

docker rm -f HAProxy-K8S && bash /data/lb/start-haproxy.sh

scp etc/haproxy.cfg root@k8s-master02:/data/lb/etc/

scp etc/haproxy.cfg root@k8s-master02:/data/lb/etc/

master02 03:

docker rm -f HAProxy-K8S && bash /data/lb/start-haproxy.sh 

 

部署flannel網絡

master 01

cd /usr/local/kubernetes/install/images

 

echo "199.232.68.133 raw.githubusercontent.com" >> /etc/hosts

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

 

kubectl get node

 

把master01關機

shutdown -h now

 

master02\03:

多次嘗試

kubectl get node

 

修改地址

vim ~/.kube/config

 

修改成自己的IP

kubectl get node

 

啟動master01

 

----------------

 

查看集群狀態:

kubectl get endpoints kube-controller-manager --namespace=kube-system -o yaml

 

controller-manager的工作節點是master02，其他兩個阻塞狀態

 

kubectl get endpoints kube-scheduler --namespace=kube-system -o yaml

kube-scheduler是matser03

 

Etcd 集群狀態查看
kubectl -n kube-system exec etcd-k8s-master01 -- etcdctl \
--endpoints=https://192.168.66.10:2379 \
--ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.crt \
--cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/server.crt \
--key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/server.key cluster-health

指定kube-system名稱空間運行 etcd-k8s-master01容器，執行容器內部命令etcdctl指定訪問地址66.10:2379端口（etcd客戶端連接端口 :2379內部互聯端口(監聽節點間通信) :2380）,指定CA證書和SERVER的證書、秘鑰，檢查集群健康。

 

加入Node節點

node :

需要node提前裝完docker，然后裝K8s

cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
yum -y install kubeadm-1.15.1 kubectl-1.15.1 kubelet-1.15.1
systemctl enable kubelet.service

 

mkdir -p /usr/local/kubernetes/install/images/

master01 : scp -r kubeadm-basic.images load-images.sh root@192.168.66.20:/usr/local/kubernetes/install/images/

cd  /usr/local/kubernetes/install/images/

vim load-images.sh

 

#!/bin/bash

cd /usr/local/kubernetes/install/images/kubeadm-basic.images
ls /usr/local/kubernetes/install/images/kubeadm-basic.images | grep -v load-images.sh > /tmp/k8s-images.txt

for i in $( cat /tmp/k8s-images.txt )
do
docker load -i $i
done

rm -rf /tmp/k8s-images.txt

 

./load-images.sh

master01:cat /usr/local/kubernetes/install/images/kubeadm-init.log

 

官網太慢，等待下完鏡像或者手動從master導到Node

kubectl get pod -n kube-system -o wide 

  

kubectl get pod -n kube-system