NO.A.0017——kali-linux2020.4配置固定IP地址/開啟root權限/開啟ssh服務/配置國內源地址

一、kali-linux啟動root賬戶權限，並使用root登錄xshell遠程工具：

//1、在普通用戶下設置root密碼;開啟root用戶權限
┌──(yanqi㉿kali)-[~]			
└─$ sudo passwd root                                            
[sudo] password for yanqi:	
New password:				
Retype new password:		
passwd: password updated successfully

//2、在非root賬戶下，輸入當前用戶的密碼即可開啟臨時root權限
┌──(yanqi㉿kali)-[~]
└─$ sudo -i
[sudo] yanqi 的密碼：
┏━(Message from Kali developers)
┃ We have kept /usr/bin/python pointing to Python 2 for backwards
┃ compatibility. Learn how to change this and avoid this message:
┃ ⇒ https://www.kali.org/docs/general-use/python3-transition/
┗━(Run “touch ~/.hushlogin” to hide this message)
┌──(root💀kali)-[~]		//此刻你就可以在root下執行一些操作
└─#

 

二、kali-linux配置虛擬機靜態IP地址： kali-linux不支持內置網卡，僅僅支持USB網卡

//添加靜態IP地址（oracle vm virtualBox設置為橋接模式）：
┌──(root💀kali)-[~]				
└─#  vim /etc/network/interfaces
allow-hotplug eth0
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.1.96
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.1.1
dns-nameserver 114.114.114.114,8.8.8.8
┌──(root💀kali)-[~]
└─# systemctl restart networking.service

 

三、開啟kali-linux ssh服務並使用xshell遠程連接：

//1、修改ssh服務配置文件，並啟動ssh服務
┌──(root💀kali)-[~]			
└─# apt-get install openssh-server openssh-client
┌──(root💀kali)-[~]			
└─# vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
PermitRootLogin yes
PasswordAuthentication yes
//OR
LoginGraceTime 120
PermitRootLogin yes
StrictModes yes
┌──(root💀kali)-[~]
└─# /etc/init.d/ssh start
┌──(root💀kali)-[~]			
└─# /etc/init.d/ssh status	
                 
//2、若是ssh服務連接不上，生成一下兩個秘鑰文件,執行命令時需要輸入密碼，直接回車設置為空即可         
┌──(root💀kali)-[~]			
└─# ssh-keygen -t dsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key
┌──(root💀kali)-[~]
└─# ssh-keygen -t dsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
                 
//3、設置系統自動啟動ssh服務
方案一：
┌──(root💀kali)-[~]			
└─# sysv-rc-conf               			
┌──(root💀kali)-[~]
└─# sysv-rc-conf --list | grep ssh
┌──(root💀kali)-[~]				//開啟系統自動啟動SSH服務
└─# sysv-rc-conf ssh on		
┌──(root💀kali)-[~]				//關閉系統自動啟動SSH服務
└─# sysv-rc-conf ssh off
方案二：
┌──(root💀kali)-[~]				//系統自動啟動SSH服務	
└─# update-rc.d ssh enable 
┌──(root💀kali)-[~]			 	// 關閉系統自動啟動SSH服務
└─# update-rc.d ssh disabled

四、更改kali-linux下載源地址為國內源

┌──(root💀kali)-[~]
└─# vim /etc/apt/sources.list		 　　　　//注釋之前kali-linux原有的源，//使用清華源地址
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free 
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free 
┌──(root💀kali)-[~]			　　　　//更新源列表，若是修改源列表或者想要同步刷新或添加新的源地址執行
└─# apt-get update  		
┌──(root💀kali)-[~]
└─#	apt-get upgrade				//將嘗試下載在apt服務器上具有更新的所有軟件包，然后按下 “y”時安裝;
┌──(root💀kali)-[~]				//該命令也是更新所有軟件包。
└─# apt-get dist-upgrade			//upgrade更新時；如果依賴關系無法解決可能會報錯或者停止，                 					
                 				//dist-upgrade命令可以自動解決依賴關系。因此dist-upgrade可能會更新不希望更新的軟件，導致一些需要依賴舊包的軟件無法運行
    						//apt-get dist-upgrade慎用。一般使用 apt-get update && apt-get upgrade 可以保證系統的完整性。

//一般我們更新源后對軟件進行一次整體更新：分下面三步執行：
┌──(root💀kali)-[~]
└─# apt-get update && apt-get upgrade	 　　 //可以保證系統的完整性（upgrade更新，若依賴關系無法解決可能會報錯或停止）。
┌──(root💀kali)-[~]			      //該命令也是更新所有軟件包（慎用：自動解決依賴關系，可能更新一些不需要更新的包，導致一些需要依賴就報的程序無法運行）。
└─# apt-get dist-upgrade
┌──(root💀kali)-[~]
└─#  apt-get clean			      //清理源倉庫

kali-linux源地址：

# kali官方源 
deb http://http.kali.org/ moto main non-free contrib 
deb-src http://http.kali.org/ moto main non-free contrib
deb http://security.kali.org/ moto/updates main contrib non-free 
deb-src http://security.kali.org/ moto/updates main contrib non-free
#清華大學 
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free 
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free 
#阿里雲kali源 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kali kali main non-free contrib 
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kali kali main non-free contrib 
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kali-security kali/updates main contrib non-free
#中科大kali源 
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali main non-free contrib 
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali main non-free contrib 
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali-security kali/updates main contrib non-free
#新加坡kali源
 deb http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/kali/kali/ kali main non-free contrib 
 deb-src http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/kali/kali/ kali main non-free contrib 
 deb http://security.kali.org/kali-security kali/updates main contrib non-free 
 deb http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/kali/kali-security kali/updates main contrib non-free 
 deb-src http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/kali/kali-security kali/updates main contrib non-free
#163 Kali源 
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy main non-free contrib 
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy main non-free contrib 
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy-proposed-updates main non-free contrib 
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian wheezy-proposed-updates main non-free contrib 
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security wheezy/updates main non-free contrib 
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security wheezy/updates main non-free contrib 
#浙大 
deb http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free 
deb-src http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free
#東軟大學 
deb http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling/main non-free contrib 
deb-src http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling/main non-free contrib

 

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Walter Savage Landor:strove with none,for none was worth my strife.Nature I loved and, next to Nature, Art:I warm'd both hands before the fire of life.It sinks, and I am ready to depart

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