Python實現自動整理文件

前言

工作上的文檔和資料好幾個月沒整理了，因為平常太忙都是隨手往桌面丟。整個桌面雜亂無章全是文檔和資料。幾乎快占滿整個屏幕了，所有我必須要整理一下了。但是手動整理太費時間了，於是我想到了python。

示例

直接上代碼

import os
import glob
import shutil

'''
@Author: huny
@date:  2020.12.06
@function:  桌面整理
'''


class FileType():
    def __init__(self):
        self.filetype = {
            "圖片": [".jpeg", ".jpg", ".tiff", ".gif", ".bmp", ".png", ".bpg", "svg", ".heif", ".psd"],
            "視頻": [".avi", ".flv", ".wmv", ".mov", ".mp4", ".webm", ".vob", ".mng", ".qt", ".mpg", ".mpeg", ".3gp", ".mkv"],
            "音頻": [".aac", ".aa", ".aac", ".dvf", ".m4a", ".m4b", ".m4p", ".mp3", ".msv", ".ogg", ".oga", ".raw", ".vox", ".wav", ".wma"],
            "文檔": [".oxps", ".epub", ".pages", ".docx", ".doc", ".fdf", ".ods", ".odt", ".pwi", ".xsn", ".xps", ".dotx", ".docm", ".dox",
".rvg", ".rtf", ".rtfd", ".wpd", ".xls", ".xlsx", ".ppt", ".pptx", ".csv", ".pdf", ".md",".xmind"],
            "壓縮文件": [".a", ".ar", ".cpio", ".iso", ".tar", ".gz", ".rz", ".7z", ".dmg", ".rar", ".xar", ".zip"],
            "文本": [".txt", ".in", ".out",".json",".xml",".log"],
            "程序腳本": [".py", ".html5", ".html", ".htm", ".xhtml",s".c", ".cpp", ".java", ".css",".sql"], 
            "可執行程序": [".exe",".bat", ".lnk"],
            "字體文件": [".ttf", ".OTF", ".WOFF", ".EOT"]
        }

    def JudgeFile(self, pathname):
        for name, type in self.filetype.items():
            if pathname in type:
                return name
        return "無法判斷類型文件"


class DeskTopOrg(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.filetype = FileType()

    def Organization(self):     
        filepath = os.path.join(os.path.expanduser('~'),"Desktop")
        paths = glob.glob(filepath + "/*.*")
        # print('paths-->',paths)
        for path in paths:
            try:
                if not os.path.isdir(path):
                    file = os.path.splitext(path)
                    filename,type = file
                    # print('type-->',type)
                    # print("filename-->",filename)
                    print('path-->',path)
                    dir_path = os.path.dirname(path)
                    # print('dir_path-->',dir_path)
                    savePath = dir_path + '/{}'.format(self.filetype.JudgeFile(type))
                    print('savePath-->',savePath)
                    if not os.path.exists(savePath):
                        os.mkdir(savePath)
                        shutil.move(path, savePath)
                    else:
                        shutil.move(path, savePath)
            except FileNotFoundError:
                pass
        # print("程序執行結束！")


if __name__ == '__main__':
    try:
        while True:
            desktopOrg = DeskTopOrg()
            desktopOrg.Organization()
            print("---->你的桌面已經整理完成。")
            a = input('---->請按回車鍵退出:')
            if a == '':
                break
    except BaseException:
        print("ERROE:路徑錯誤或有重復的文檔")
    

整理完了，桌面清爽了不少。（注意此腳本是按后綴進行分類歸檔的）

進階

基於這個我想是否可以對其他不同的路徑進行整理呢，於是又優化了一下

import os
import glob
import shutil

'''
@Author: huny
@date:  2020.12.06
@function:  文件整理
'''


class FileType():
    def __init__(self):
        self.filetype = {
            "圖片": [".jpeg", ".jpg", ".tiff", ".gif", ".bmp", ".png", ".bpg", "svg", ".heif", ".psd"],
            "視頻": [".avi", ".flv", ".wmv", ".mov", ".mp4", ".webm", ".vob", ".mng", ".qt", ".mpg", ".mpeg", ".3gp", ".mkv"],
            "音頻": [".aac", ".aa", ".aac", ".dvf", ".m4a", ".m4b", ".m4p", ".mp3", ".msv", ".ogg", ".oga", ".raw", ".vox", ".wav", ".wma"],
            "文檔": [".oxps", ".epub", ".pages", ".docx", ".doc", ".fdf", ".ods", ".odt", ".pwi", ".xsn", ".xps", ".dotx", ".docm", ".dox",
".rvg", ".rtf", ".rtfd", ".wpd", ".xls", ".xlsx", ".ppt", ".pptx", ".csv", ".pdf", ".md",".xmind"],
            "壓縮文件": [".a", ".ar", ".cpio", ".iso", ".tar", ".gz", ".rz", ".7z", ".dmg", ".rar", ".xar", ".zip"],
            "文本": [".txt", ".in", ".out", ".json","xml",".log"],
            "程序腳本": [".py", ".html5", ".html", ".htm", ".xhtml", ".c", ".cpp", ".java", ".css",".sql"], 
            "可執行程序": [".exe",".bat",".lnk"],
            "字體文件": [".ttf", ".OTF", ".WOFF", ".EOT"]
        }

    def JudgeFile(self, pathname):
        for name, type in self.filetype.items():
            if pathname in type:
                return name
        return "無法判斷類型文件"


class DeskTopOrg(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.filetype = FileType()

    def Organization(self):
        filepath = input("請輸入需要整理的文件夾路徑： ")
        paths = glob.glob(filepath + "/*.*")
        print('paths-->',paths)
        for path in paths:
            try:
                if not os.path.isdir(path):
                    file = os.path.splitext(path)
                    filename,type = file
                    print('type-->',type)
                    print("filename-->",filename)
                    print('path-->',path)
                    dir_path = os.path.dirname(path)
                    print('dir_path-->',dir_path)
                    savePath = dir_path + '/{}'.format(self.filetype.JudgeFile(type))
                    print('savePath-->',savePath)
                    if not os.path.exists(savePath):
                        os.mkdir(savePath)
                        shutil.move(path, savePath)
                    else:
                        shutil.move(path, savePath)
            except FileNotFoundError:
                pass
        print("程序執行結束！")


if __name__ == '__main__':
    try:
        while True:
            desktopOrg = DeskTopOrg()
            desktopOrg.Organization()
            print("---->你的文件已經整理完成。")
            a = input('---->請按回車鍵退出:')
            if a == '':
                break
    except BaseException:
        print("ERROE:路徑錯誤或有重復的文檔")

可以自由的整理你想要整理的路徑。

后序

其他朋友也有需求，但是又沒有python環境，於是我將程序打包成exe執行文件。

1. 安裝pyinstaller

pip install pyinstaller

2. 執行打包命令

#在程序腳本的路徑執行以下命令
pyinstaller -F ***.py      

執行完后生成幾個文件，在dist文件下有一個exe可執行文件，將他單獨發給朋友即可。

別忘了先自己測試一遍。