Python使用Request發送POST請求

HTTP協議規定POST請求的數據必須放在消息主體中，但是並沒有規定編碼方式，因此可以使用多種方式對其進行編碼。

服務器端通過請求頭的中Content-Type字段來獲知請求的消息主體以何種方式編碼。具體的編碼方式包括：

1. application/x-www-form-urlencoded
2. application/json
3. multipart/form-data

示例代碼：

import requests
import json

def requests_form():
    url = 'http://httpbin.org/post'
    data = {'k1':'v1', 'k2':'v2'}
    response = requests.post(url, data)
    return response

def requests_json():
    url = 'http://httpbin.org/post'
    data = s = json.dumps({'k1': 'v1', 'k2': 'v2'})
    response = requests.post(url, data)
    return response

def requests_multipart():
    url = 'http://httpbin.org/post'
    files = {'file': open('requests.txt', 'rb')}  # requests.txt中包含一句“Hey requests”
    response = requests.post(url, files=files)
    return response


if __name__ == "__main__":
    response1 = requests_form()
    response2 = requests_json()
    response3 = requests_multipart()
    
    print("From形式提交POST請求：")
    print(response1.text)
    print("Json形式提交POST請求：")
    print(response2.text)
    print("Multipart形式提交POST請求：")
    print(response3.text)